Schönswetter P, Tribsch A, Schneeweiss GM, Niklfeld H (2003b) Disjunctions in relict alpine
plants: phylogeography of Androsace brevis and A. wulfeniana (Primulaceae). Bot J Linn Soc
141:437–446
Schönswetter P, Paun O, Tribsch A, Niklfeld H (2003c) Out of the alps: colonisation of the arctic
by east alpine populations of Ranunculus glacialis (Ranunculaceae). Mol Ecol 12:3371–3381
Schönswetter P, Tribsch A, Stehlik I, Niklfeld H (2004a) Glacial history of high alpine
Ranunculus glacialis (Ranunculaceae) in the European Alps in a comparative phylogeographical context. Biol J Linn Soc 81:183–195
Schönswetter P, Tribsch A, Niklfeld H (2004b) Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)
reveals no genetic divergence of the eastern alpine endemic Oxytropis campestris
subsp. tiroliensis (Fabaceae) from widespread subsp. campestris. Plant Syst Evol 244:245–255
Schönswetter P, Popp M, Brochmann C (2006) Rare arctic-alpine plants of the European Alps
have different immigration histories: the snowbed species Minuartia biflora and Ranunculus
pygmaeus. Mol Ecol 15:709–720
Schönswetter P, Elven R, Brochmann C (2008) Trans-Atlantic dispersal and large-scale lack of
genetic structure in the circumpolar, arctic-alpine sedge Carex bigelowii s. lat. (Cyperaceae).
Am J Bot 95:1006–1014
Skrede I, Eidesen PB, Portela RP, Brochmann C (2006) Refugia, differentiation and postglacial
migration in arctic-alpine Eurasia, exemplified by the mountain avens (Dryas octopetala L.).
Mol Ecol 15:827–1840
Stachurska-Swakon A, Cieslak E, Ronikier M (2013) Phylogeography of a subalpine tall-herb
Ranunculus platanifolius (Ranunculaceae) reveals two main genetic lineages in the European
mountains. Bot J Linn Soc 171:413–428
Stehlik I (2002) Glacial history of the alpine herb Rumex nivalis (Polygonaceae): a comparison of
common phylogeographic methods with nested clade analysis. Am J Bot 89:2007–2016
Stehlik I, Schneller JJ, Bachmann K (2001) Resistance or emigration: response of the high-alpine
plant Eritrichium nanum (L.) Gaudin to the ice age within the Central Alps. Mol Ecol 10:357–370
Stehlik I, Schneller JJ, Bachmann K (2002a) Immigration and in situ glacial survival of the
low-alpine Erinus alpinus (Scrophulariaceae). Bot J Linn Soc 77:87–103
Stehlik I, Blattner FR, Holderegger R, Bachmann K (2002b) Nunatak survival of the high Alpine
plant Eritrichium nanum (L.) Gaudin in the central Alps during the ice ages. Mol Ecol
11:2027–2036
Suda J, Weiss-Schneeweiss H, Tribsch A, Schneeweiss G, Trávníček P, Schönswetter P (2007)
Complex distribution patterns of di-, tetra and hexaploid cytotypes in the European high
mountain plant Senecio carniolicus Willd. (Asteraceae). Am J Bot 94:1391–1401
Theissinger K, Bálint M, Feldheim KA, Haase P, Johannesen J, Laube I, Pauls SU (2012) Glacial
survival and post-glacial recolonization of an arctic–alpine freshwater insect (Arcynopteryx
dichroa, Plecoptera, Perlodidae) in Europe. J Biogeogr 40:236–248
Thiel-Egenter C, Holderegger R, Brodbeck S, Intrabiodiv Consortium, Gugerli F (2009)
Concordant genetic breaks, identified by combining clustering and tessellation methods, in
two co-distributed alpine plant species. Mol Ecol 18:4495–4507
Tribsch A, Schönswetter P, Stuessy TF (2002) Saponaria pumila (Caryophyllaceae) and the
ice-age in the Eastern Alps. Am J Bot 89:2024–2033
Triponez Y, Buerki S, Borer M, Naisbit RE, Rahier M, Alvarez N (2011) Discordances between
phylogenetic and morphological patterns in alpine leaf beetles attest to an intricate
biogeographic history of lineages in postglacial Europe. Mol Ecol 20:2442–2463
Tshikolovets V (2011) Butterflies of Europe and the Mediterranean area. Vadim Tshikolovets
Publishing, Pardubice
Ujvárosi L, Bálint M, Schmitt T, Mészáros N, Ujvárosi T, Popescu O (2010) Divergence and
speciation in the Carpathians area: patterns of morphological and genetic diversity of the crane
fly Pedicia occulta (Diptera: Pediciidae). J North Am Benth Soc 29:1075–1088
Varga Z (1975) Geographische isolation und subspeziation bei den hochgebirgs-lepidopteren der
Balkanhalbinsel. Acta Entomol Jugoslavica 11:5–40
3 Molecular Biogeography of the High Mountain Systems …
73
plants: phylogeography of Androsace brevis and A. wulfeniana (Primulaceae). Bot J Linn Soc
141:437–446
Schönswetter P, Paun O, Tribsch A, Niklfeld H (2003c) Out of the alps: colonisation of the arctic
by east alpine populations of Ranunculus glacialis (Ranunculaceae). Mol Ecol 12:3371–3381
Schönswetter P, Tribsch A, Stehlik I, Niklfeld H (2004a) Glacial history of high alpine
Ranunculus glacialis (Ranunculaceae) in the European Alps in a comparative phylogeographical context. Biol J Linn Soc 81:183–195
Schönswetter P, Tribsch A, Niklfeld H (2004b) Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)
reveals no genetic divergence of the eastern alpine endemic Oxytropis campestris
subsp. tiroliensis (Fabaceae) from widespread subsp. campestris. Plant Syst Evol 244:245–255
Schönswetter P, Popp M, Brochmann C (2006) Rare arctic-alpine plants of the European Alps
have different immigration histories: the snowbed species Minuartia biflora and Ranunculus
pygmaeus. Mol Ecol 15:709–720
Schönswetter P, Elven R, Brochmann C (2008) Trans-Atlantic dispersal and large-scale lack of
genetic structure in the circumpolar, arctic-alpine sedge Carex bigelowii s. lat. (Cyperaceae).
Am J Bot 95:1006–1014
Skrede I, Eidesen PB, Portela RP, Brochmann C (2006) Refugia, differentiation and postglacial
migration in arctic-alpine Eurasia, exemplified by the mountain avens (Dryas octopetala L.).
Mol Ecol 15:827–1840
Stachurska-Swakon A, Cieslak E, Ronikier M (2013) Phylogeography of a subalpine tall-herb
Ranunculus platanifolius (Ranunculaceae) reveals two main genetic lineages in the European
mountains. Bot J Linn Soc 171:413–428
Stehlik I (2002) Glacial history of the alpine herb Rumex nivalis (Polygonaceae): a comparison of
common phylogeographic methods with nested clade analysis. Am J Bot 89:2007–2016
Stehlik I, Schneller JJ, Bachmann K (2001) Resistance or emigration: response of the high-alpine
plant Eritrichium nanum (L.) Gaudin to the ice age within the Central Alps. Mol Ecol 10:357–370
Stehlik I, Schneller JJ, Bachmann K (2002a) Immigration and in situ glacial survival of the
low-alpine Erinus alpinus (Scrophulariaceae). Bot J Linn Soc 77:87–103
Stehlik I, Blattner FR, Holderegger R, Bachmann K (2002b) Nunatak survival of the high Alpine
plant Eritrichium nanum (L.) Gaudin in the central Alps during the ice ages. Mol Ecol
11:2027–2036
Suda J, Weiss-Schneeweiss H, Tribsch A, Schneeweiss G, Trávníček P, Schönswetter P (2007)
Complex distribution patterns of di-, tetra and hexaploid cytotypes in the European high
mountain plant Senecio carniolicus Willd. (Asteraceae). Am J Bot 94:1391–1401
Theissinger K, Bálint M, Feldheim KA, Haase P, Johannesen J, Laube I, Pauls SU (2012) Glacial
survival and post-glacial recolonization of an arctic–alpine freshwater insect (Arcynopteryx
dichroa, Plecoptera, Perlodidae) in Europe. J Biogeogr 40:236–248
Thiel-Egenter C, Holderegger R, Brodbeck S, Intrabiodiv Consortium, Gugerli F (2009)
Concordant genetic breaks, identified by combining clustering and tessellation methods, in
two co-distributed alpine plant species. Mol Ecol 18:4495–4507
Tribsch A, Schönswetter P, Stuessy TF (2002) Saponaria pumila (Caryophyllaceae) and the
ice-age in the Eastern Alps. Am J Bot 89:2024–2033
Triponez Y, Buerki S, Borer M, Naisbit RE, Rahier M, Alvarez N (2011) Discordances between
phylogenetic and morphological patterns in alpine leaf beetles attest to an intricate
biogeographic history of lineages in postglacial Europe. Mol Ecol 20:2442–2463
Tshikolovets V (2011) Butterflies of Europe and the Mediterranean area. Vadim Tshikolovets
Publishing, Pardubice
Ujvárosi L, Bálint M, Schmitt T, Mészáros N, Ujvárosi T, Popescu O (2010) Divergence and
speciation in the Carpathians area: patterns of morphological and genetic diversity of the crane
fly Pedicia occulta (Diptera: Pediciidae). J North Am Benth Soc 29:1075–1088
Varga Z (1975) Geographische isolation und subspeziation bei den hochgebirgs-lepidopteren der
Balkanhalbinsel. Acta Entomol Jugoslavica 11:5–40
3 Molecular Biogeography of the High Mountain Systems …
73