Schumacher S, Bugmann H (2006) The relative importance of climatic effects, wildfires and
management for future forest landscape dynamics in the Swiss Alps. Glob Change Biol
12:1435–1450
Sergio F, Pedrini P (2007) Biodiversity gradients in the Alps: the overriding importance of
elevation. Biodivers Conserv 16:3243–3254
Sibold JS, Veblen TT, González ME (2006) Spatial and temporal variation in historic fire regimes
in subalpine forests across the Colorado Front Range in Rocky Mountain National Park,
Colorado, USA. J Biogeogr 33:631–647
Smith JM, Paritsis J, Veblen TT, Chapman TB (2015) Permanent forest plots show accelerating
tree mortality in subalpine forests of the Colorado Front Range from 1982 to 2013. For Ecol
Manage 341:8–17
Spehn E, Lieberman M, Körner C (2006) Land use change and mountain biodiversity. Taylor &
Francis, CRC Press, Boca Raton, London
Sturrock RN, Frankel SJ, Brown AV et al (2011) Climate changes and forest disease. Plant Pathol
60:133–149
Suarez ML, Ghermandi L, Kitzberger T (2004) Factors predisposing episodic drought-induced tree
mortality in Nothofagus—site, climatic sensitivity and growth trends. J Ecol 92:954–966
Theurillat J, Guisan A (2001) Potential impact of climate change on vegetation in the European
Alps: a review. Clim Change 50:77–109
Tinner W, Conedera M, Ammann B et al (2005) Fire ecology North and South of the Alps since
the last Ice Age. Holocene 15:1214–1226
Turner BL, Kasperson RE, Matson PA et al (2003) A framework for vulnerability analysis in
sustainability science. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:8074–8079
Vacchiano G, Maggioni M, Perseghin G et al (2015) Effect of avalanche frequency on forest
ecosystem services in a spruce-fir mountain forest. Cold Reg Sci Technol 115:9–21
van Mantgem PJ, Stephenson NL, Byrne JC et al (2009) Widespread increase of tree mortality
rates in the Western United States. Science 323:521–524
Ventura M, Tiberti R, Buchaca T, Buñay D, Sabás I, Miró A (2017) Why should we preserve
fishless high-mountain lakes? In: Catalan J, Ninot JM, Aniz MM (eds) Challenges for high
mountain conservation in a changing world. Springer, pp 181–205
Williams AP, Allen CD, Macalady AK et al (2012) Temperature as a potent driver of regional
forest drought stress and tree mortality. Nat Clim Change 3:292–297
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing,
adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate
credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and
indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter’s Creative
Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not
included in the chapter’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by
statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from
the copyright holder.
2 Trade-offs in High Mountain Conservation
59
management for future forest landscape dynamics in the Swiss Alps. Glob Change Biol
12:1435–1450
Sergio F, Pedrini P (2007) Biodiversity gradients in the Alps: the overriding importance of
elevation. Biodivers Conserv 16:3243–3254
Sibold JS, Veblen TT, González ME (2006) Spatial and temporal variation in historic fire regimes
in subalpine forests across the Colorado Front Range in Rocky Mountain National Park,
Colorado, USA. J Biogeogr 33:631–647
Smith JM, Paritsis J, Veblen TT, Chapman TB (2015) Permanent forest plots show accelerating
tree mortality in subalpine forests of the Colorado Front Range from 1982 to 2013. For Ecol
Manage 341:8–17
Spehn E, Lieberman M, Körner C (2006) Land use change and mountain biodiversity. Taylor &
Francis, CRC Press, Boca Raton, London
Sturrock RN, Frankel SJ, Brown AV et al (2011) Climate changes and forest disease. Plant Pathol
60:133–149
Suarez ML, Ghermandi L, Kitzberger T (2004) Factors predisposing episodic drought-induced tree
mortality in Nothofagus—site, climatic sensitivity and growth trends. J Ecol 92:954–966
Theurillat J, Guisan A (2001) Potential impact of climate change on vegetation in the European
Alps: a review. Clim Change 50:77–109
Tinner W, Conedera M, Ammann B et al (2005) Fire ecology North and South of the Alps since
the last Ice Age. Holocene 15:1214–1226
Turner BL, Kasperson RE, Matson PA et al (2003) A framework for vulnerability analysis in
sustainability science. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:8074–8079
Vacchiano G, Maggioni M, Perseghin G et al (2015) Effect of avalanche frequency on forest
ecosystem services in a spruce-fir mountain forest. Cold Reg Sci Technol 115:9–21
van Mantgem PJ, Stephenson NL, Byrne JC et al (2009) Widespread increase of tree mortality
rates in the Western United States. Science 323:521–524
Ventura M, Tiberti R, Buchaca T, Buñay D, Sabás I, Miró A (2017) Why should we preserve
fishless high-mountain lakes? In: Catalan J, Ninot JM, Aniz MM (eds) Challenges for high
mountain conservation in a changing world. Springer, pp 181–205
Williams AP, Allen CD, Macalady AK et al (2012) Temperature as a potent driver of regional
forest drought stress and tree mortality. Nat Clim Change 3:292–297
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing,
adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate
credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and
indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter’s Creative
Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not
included in the chapter’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by
statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from
the copyright holder.
2 Trade-offs in High Mountain Conservation
59