Svenning J-C, Psomas A, Schmatz DR, Silc U, Vittoz P, Huelber K (2012) Extinction debt of
high-mountain plants under twenty-first-century climate change. Nat Clim Change 2:619–622
Elsen PR, Tingley MW (2015) Global mountain topography and the fate of montane species under
climate change. Nat Clim Change 5:772–776
Elvira S, Gonzalez-Fernandez I, Alonso R, Sanz J, Bermejo-Bermejo V (2016) Ozone levels in the
Spanish Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range are above the thresholds for plant protection:
analysis at 2262, 1850, and 995 m a.s.l. Environ Monit Assess 188
Elliott JE, Levac J, Guigueno MF, Shaw DP, Wayland M, Morrissey CA, Muir DCG, Elliott KH
(2012) Factors influencing legacy pollutant accumulation in alpine osprey: biology,
topography, or melting glaciers? Environ Sci Technol 46:9681–9689
Engler R, Randin CF, Thuiller W, Dullinger S, Zimmermann NE, Araujo MB, Pearman PB, Le
Lay G, Piedallu C, Albert CH, Choler P, Coldea G, De Lamo X, Dirnbock T, Gegout J-C,
Gomez-Garcia D, Grytnes J-A, Heegaard E, Hoistad F, Nogues-Bravo D, Normand S,
Puscas M, Sebastia M-T, Stanisci A, Theurillat J-P, Trivedi MR, Vittoz P, Guisan A (2011)
21st century climate change threatens mountain flora unequally across Europe. Glob Change
Biol 17:2330–2341
Flo D, Hagvar S (2013) Aerial dispersal of invertebrates and mosses close to a receding alpine
glacier in Southern Norway. Arct Antarct Alp Res 45:481–490
Flynn DFB, Mirotchnick N, Jain M, Palmer MI, Naeem S (2011) Functional and phylogenetic
diversity as predictors of biodiversity-ecosystem-function relationships. Ecology 92:1573–1581
García M, Gómez D (2007) Flora del Pirineo Aragonés. Patrones espaciales de biodiversidad y su
relevancia para la conservación. Pirineos 162:71–88
Garcia MB, Espadaler X, Olesen JM (2012) Extreme reproduction and survival of a true
Cliffhanger: the endangered plant Borderea chouardii (Dioscoreaceae). PLoS ONE 7
Garcia-Pausas J, Romanyà J, Montané F, Rios AI, Taull M, Rovira P, Casals P (2017) Are soil
carbon stocks in mountain grasslands compromised by land use changes? In: Catalan J,
Ninot JM, Aniz MM (eds) Challenges for high mountain conservation in a changing world.
Springer, pp 207–230
Garrard R, Kohler T, Price MF, Byers AC, Sherpa AR, Maharjan GR (2016) Land use and land
cover change in Sagarmatha National Park, a world heritage site in the Himalayas of Eastern
Nepal. Mt Res Dev 36:299–310
Gassiot Ballbè E, Mazzucco N, Clemente Conte I, Rodríguez Antón D, Obea Gómez L, Quesada
Carrasco M, Díaz Bonilla S (2017) The beginning of high mountain occupations in the
Pyrenees. Human settlements and mobility from 18,000 cal BC to 2000 cal BC. In: Catalan J,
Ninot JM, Aniz MM (eds) Challenges for high mountain conservation in a changing world.
Springer, pp 75–105
Gavin DG, Fitzpatrick MC, Gugger PF, Heath KD, Rodríguez-Sánchez F, Dobrowski SZ,
Hampe A, Hu FS, Ashcroft MB, Bartlein PJ, Blois JL, Carstens BC, Davis EB, de
Lafontaine G, Edwards ME, Fernandez M, Henne PD, Herring EM, Holden ZA, W-s Kong,
Liu J, Magri D, Matzke NJ, McGlone MS, Saltré F, Stigall AL, Tsai Y-HE, Williams JW
(2014) Climate refugia: joint inference from fossil records, species distribution models and
phylogeography. New Phytol 204:37–54
Gobiet A, Kotlarski S, Beniston M, Heinrich G, Rajczak J, Stoffel M (2014) 21st century climate
change in the European Alps—a review. Sci Total Environ 493:1138–1151
Gottfried M, Hantel M, Maurer C, Toechterle R, Pauli H, Grabherr G (2011) Coincidence of the
alpine-nival ecotone with the summer snowline. Environ Res Lett 6:014013
Grimalt JO, van Drooge BL (2006) Polychlorinated biphenyls in mountain pine (Pinus uncinata)
needles from Central Pyrenean high mountains (Catalonia, Spain). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
63:61–67
1 The High Mountain Conservation in a Changing World
31
high-mountain plants under twenty-first-century climate change. Nat Clim Change 2:619–622
Elsen PR, Tingley MW (2015) Global mountain topography and the fate of montane species under
climate change. Nat Clim Change 5:772–776
Elvira S, Gonzalez-Fernandez I, Alonso R, Sanz J, Bermejo-Bermejo V (2016) Ozone levels in the
Spanish Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range are above the thresholds for plant protection:
analysis at 2262, 1850, and 995 m a.s.l. Environ Monit Assess 188
Elliott JE, Levac J, Guigueno MF, Shaw DP, Wayland M, Morrissey CA, Muir DCG, Elliott KH
(2012) Factors influencing legacy pollutant accumulation in alpine osprey: biology,
topography, or melting glaciers? Environ Sci Technol 46:9681–9689
Engler R, Randin CF, Thuiller W, Dullinger S, Zimmermann NE, Araujo MB, Pearman PB, Le
Lay G, Piedallu C, Albert CH, Choler P, Coldea G, De Lamo X, Dirnbock T, Gegout J-C,
Gomez-Garcia D, Grytnes J-A, Heegaard E, Hoistad F, Nogues-Bravo D, Normand S,
Puscas M, Sebastia M-T, Stanisci A, Theurillat J-P, Trivedi MR, Vittoz P, Guisan A (2011)
21st century climate change threatens mountain flora unequally across Europe. Glob Change
Biol 17:2330–2341
Flo D, Hagvar S (2013) Aerial dispersal of invertebrates and mosses close to a receding alpine
glacier in Southern Norway. Arct Antarct Alp Res 45:481–490
Flynn DFB, Mirotchnick N, Jain M, Palmer MI, Naeem S (2011) Functional and phylogenetic
diversity as predictors of biodiversity-ecosystem-function relationships. Ecology 92:1573–1581
García M, Gómez D (2007) Flora del Pirineo Aragonés. Patrones espaciales de biodiversidad y su
relevancia para la conservación. Pirineos 162:71–88
Garcia MB, Espadaler X, Olesen JM (2012) Extreme reproduction and survival of a true
Cliffhanger: the endangered plant Borderea chouardii (Dioscoreaceae). PLoS ONE 7
Garcia-Pausas J, Romanyà J, Montané F, Rios AI, Taull M, Rovira P, Casals P (2017) Are soil
carbon stocks in mountain grasslands compromised by land use changes? In: Catalan J,
Ninot JM, Aniz MM (eds) Challenges for high mountain conservation in a changing world.
Springer, pp 207–230
Garrard R, Kohler T, Price MF, Byers AC, Sherpa AR, Maharjan GR (2016) Land use and land
cover change in Sagarmatha National Park, a world heritage site in the Himalayas of Eastern
Nepal. Mt Res Dev 36:299–310
Gassiot Ballbè E, Mazzucco N, Clemente Conte I, Rodríguez Antón D, Obea Gómez L, Quesada
Carrasco M, Díaz Bonilla S (2017) The beginning of high mountain occupations in the
Pyrenees. Human settlements and mobility from 18,000 cal BC to 2000 cal BC. In: Catalan J,
Ninot JM, Aniz MM (eds) Challenges for high mountain conservation in a changing world.
Springer, pp 75–105
Gavin DG, Fitzpatrick MC, Gugger PF, Heath KD, Rodríguez-Sánchez F, Dobrowski SZ,
Hampe A, Hu FS, Ashcroft MB, Bartlein PJ, Blois JL, Carstens BC, Davis EB, de
Lafontaine G, Edwards ME, Fernandez M, Henne PD, Herring EM, Holden ZA, W-s Kong,
Liu J, Magri D, Matzke NJ, McGlone MS, Saltré F, Stigall AL, Tsai Y-HE, Williams JW
(2014) Climate refugia: joint inference from fossil records, species distribution models and
phylogeography. New Phytol 204:37–54
Gobiet A, Kotlarski S, Beniston M, Heinrich G, Rajczak J, Stoffel M (2014) 21st century climate
change in the European Alps—a review. Sci Total Environ 493:1138–1151
Gottfried M, Hantel M, Maurer C, Toechterle R, Pauli H, Grabherr G (2011) Coincidence of the
alpine-nival ecotone with the summer snowline. Environ Res Lett 6:014013
Grimalt JO, van Drooge BL (2006) Polychlorinated biphenyls in mountain pine (Pinus uncinata)
needles from Central Pyrenean high mountains (Catalonia, Spain). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
63:61–67
1 The High Mountain Conservation in a Changing World
31