Lett MS, Knapp AK (2005) Woody plant encroachment and removal in mesic grassland:
production and composition responses of herbaceous vegetation. Am Midl Nat 153:217–231
Lett MS, Knapp AK, Briggs JM, Blair JM (2004) Influence of shrub encroachment on
aboveground net primary productivity and carbon and nitrogen pools in a mesic grassland.
Can J Bot 82:1363–1370
Liao JD, Boutton TW (2008) Soil microbial biomass response to woody plant invasion of
grassland. Soil Biol Biochem 40:1207–1216
Liao JD, Boutton TW, Jastrow JD (2006) Storage and dynamics of carbon and nitrogen in soil
physical fractions following woody plant invasion of grassland. Soil Biol Biochem 38:3184–
3196
Lipson DA, Schadt CW, Schmidt SK (2002) Changes in soil microbial community structure and
function in an alpine dry meadow following spring snow melt. Microb Ecol 43:307–314
Lopez-Sangil L, Rousk J, Wallander H, Casals P (2011) Microbial growth rate measurement reveal
that land-use abandonment promotes a fungal dominance of SOM decomposition in grazed
Mediterranean ecosystems. Biol Fert Soils 47:129–138
MacDonald D, Crabtree JR, Wiesinger G, Dax T, Stamou N, Fleury P, Gutierrez Lazpita J,
Gibon A (2000) Agricultural abandonment in mountain areas of Europe: environmental
consequences and policy response. J Environ Manage 59:47–69
Matzner E, Borken W (2008) Do freeze-thaw event enhance C and N losses from soils of different
ecosystems? A review. Eur J Soil Sci 59:274–284
McCulley RL, Archer SR, Boutton TW, Hons FM, Zuberer DA (2004) Soil respiration and
nutrient cycling in wooded communities developing in grasslands. Ecology 85:2804–2817
McNaughton SJ, Banyikwa FF, McNaughton MM (1998) Root biomass and productivity in a
grazing ecosystem: the Serengeti. Ecology 79:587–592
Meusburger K, Alewell C (2014) Soil erosion in the Alps. Experience gained from case studies
(2006–2013). Federal Office for the Environment, Bern. Environmental Studies No 1408,
116 pp
Molinillo M, Lasanta T, García Ruíz JM (1997) Managing mountainous degraded landscapes after
farmland abandonment in the central Spanish Pyrenees. Environ Manag 21:587–598
Montané F, Rovira P, Casals P (2007) Shrub encroachment into mesic mountain grasslands in the
Iberian Peninsula: effects of plant quality and temperature on soil C and N stocks. Glob
Biogeochem Cy 21:GB4016. doi:10.1029/2006GB002853
Montané F, Romanyà J, Rovira P, Casals P (2010) Aboveground litter quality changes may drive
soil organic carbon increase after shrub encroachment into mountain grasslands. Plant Soil
337:151–165
Montané F, Romanyà J, Rovira P, Casals P (2013) Mixtures with grass litter may hasten shrub litter
decomposition after shrub encroachment into mountain grasslands. Plant Soil 368:459–469
Montserrat P, Fillat F (1994) The systems of grassland management in Spain. In: Breymeyer A
(ed) Managed grasslands. Elsevier, B.V., Amsterdam
Nielsen CB, Groffman PM, Hamburg SP, Driscoll CT, Fayey TJ, Hardy JP (2001) Freezing effects on
carbon and nitrogen cycling in northern hardwood forest soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J 65:1723–1730
Pardo I, Doak DF, García-González R, Gómez D, García MB (2015) Long-term response of plant
communities to herbivore exclusion at high elevation grasslands. Biodivers Conserv 24:3033–
3047
Paterson E, Sim A (2013) Soil-specific response functions of organic matter mineralization to the
availability of labile carbon. Glob Change Biol 19:1562–1571
Paterson E, Thornton B, Midwood AJ, Sim A (2005) Defoliation alters the relative contributions
of recent and non-recent assimilate to root exudation from Festuca rubra. Plant Cell Environ
28:1525–1533
Pérez-Harguindeguy N, Díaz S, Cornelissen JHC, Vendramini F, Cabido M, Castellanos A (2000)
Chemistry and toughness predict leaf litter decomposition rates over a wide spectrum of
functional types and taxa in central Argentina. Plant Soil 218:21–30
228
J. Garcia-Pausas et al.
production and composition responses of herbaceous vegetation. Am Midl Nat 153:217–231
Lett MS, Knapp AK, Briggs JM, Blair JM (2004) Influence of shrub encroachment on
aboveground net primary productivity and carbon and nitrogen pools in a mesic grassland.
Can J Bot 82:1363–1370
Liao JD, Boutton TW (2008) Soil microbial biomass response to woody plant invasion of
grassland. Soil Biol Biochem 40:1207–1216
Liao JD, Boutton TW, Jastrow JD (2006) Storage and dynamics of carbon and nitrogen in soil
physical fractions following woody plant invasion of grassland. Soil Biol Biochem 38:3184–
3196
Lipson DA, Schadt CW, Schmidt SK (2002) Changes in soil microbial community structure and
function in an alpine dry meadow following spring snow melt. Microb Ecol 43:307–314
Lopez-Sangil L, Rousk J, Wallander H, Casals P (2011) Microbial growth rate measurement reveal
that land-use abandonment promotes a fungal dominance of SOM decomposition in grazed
Mediterranean ecosystems. Biol Fert Soils 47:129–138
MacDonald D, Crabtree JR, Wiesinger G, Dax T, Stamou N, Fleury P, Gutierrez Lazpita J,
Gibon A (2000) Agricultural abandonment in mountain areas of Europe: environmental
consequences and policy response. J Environ Manage 59:47–69
Matzner E, Borken W (2008) Do freeze-thaw event enhance C and N losses from soils of different
ecosystems? A review. Eur J Soil Sci 59:274–284
McCulley RL, Archer SR, Boutton TW, Hons FM, Zuberer DA (2004) Soil respiration and
nutrient cycling in wooded communities developing in grasslands. Ecology 85:2804–2817
McNaughton SJ, Banyikwa FF, McNaughton MM (1998) Root biomass and productivity in a
grazing ecosystem: the Serengeti. Ecology 79:587–592
Meusburger K, Alewell C (2014) Soil erosion in the Alps. Experience gained from case studies
(2006–2013). Federal Office for the Environment, Bern. Environmental Studies No 1408,
116 pp
Molinillo M, Lasanta T, García Ruíz JM (1997) Managing mountainous degraded landscapes after
farmland abandonment in the central Spanish Pyrenees. Environ Manag 21:587–598
Montané F, Rovira P, Casals P (2007) Shrub encroachment into mesic mountain grasslands in the
Iberian Peninsula: effects of plant quality and temperature on soil C and N stocks. Glob
Biogeochem Cy 21:GB4016. doi:10.1029/2006GB002853
Montané F, Romanyà J, Rovira P, Casals P (2010) Aboveground litter quality changes may drive
soil organic carbon increase after shrub encroachment into mountain grasslands. Plant Soil
337:151–165
Montané F, Romanyà J, Rovira P, Casals P (2013) Mixtures with grass litter may hasten shrub litter
decomposition after shrub encroachment into mountain grasslands. Plant Soil 368:459–469
Montserrat P, Fillat F (1994) The systems of grassland management in Spain. In: Breymeyer A
(ed) Managed grasslands. Elsevier, B.V., Amsterdam
Nielsen CB, Groffman PM, Hamburg SP, Driscoll CT, Fayey TJ, Hardy JP (2001) Freezing effects on
carbon and nitrogen cycling in northern hardwood forest soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J 65:1723–1730
Pardo I, Doak DF, García-González R, Gómez D, García MB (2015) Long-term response of plant
communities to herbivore exclusion at high elevation grasslands. Biodivers Conserv 24:3033–
3047
Paterson E, Sim A (2013) Soil-specific response functions of organic matter mineralization to the
availability of labile carbon. Glob Change Biol 19:1562–1571
Paterson E, Thornton B, Midwood AJ, Sim A (2005) Defoliation alters the relative contributions
of recent and non-recent assimilate to root exudation from Festuca rubra. Plant Cell Environ
28:1525–1533
Pérez-Harguindeguy N, Díaz S, Cornelissen JHC, Vendramini F, Cabido M, Castellanos A (2000)
Chemistry and toughness predict leaf litter decomposition rates over a wide spectrum of
functional types and taxa in central Argentina. Plant Soil 218:21–30
228
J. Garcia-Pausas et al.