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94. Viswanathan S, Mohan L, John S, Bera P, Anandan C (2017) Effect of surface finishing on
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Kobayashi K, LeGeros RZ (2008) Comparison of bone mineral density and area of newly
formed bone around Ti-15%Zr-4%Nb-4%Ta alloy and Ti-6%A1-4%V alloy implants. J Hard
Tissue Biol 17:99–108. https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.17.99
96. Feng XJ, Macak JM, Albu SP, Schmuki P (2008) Electrochemical formation of self-organized
anodic nanotube coating on Ti–28Zr–8Nb biomedical alloy surface. Acta Biomater 4:318–
323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2007.08.005
97. Tsuchiya H, Nakata J, Fujimoto S, Berger S, Schmuki P (2008) Anodic porous and tubular
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98. Sieber I, Kannan B, Schmuki P (2005) Self-assembled porous tantalum oxide prepared in
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9676
99. Wei W, Macak JM, Schmuki P (2008) High aspect ratio ordered nanoporous Ta2O5 films
by anodization of Ta. Electrochem Commun 10:428–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.
2008.01.004
100. Oh S-H, Finõnes RR, Daraio C, Chen L-H, Jin S (2005) Growth of nano-scale hydroxyapatite
using chemically treated titanium oxide nanotubes. Biomaterials 26:4938–4943. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.048
V. S. Simi et al.
83. Fast-rate formation of TiO 2 nanotube arrays in an organic bath and their applications
in photocatalysis—PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20705970/. Accessed 22 Jun
2020
84. Chin LY, Zainal Z, Hussein MZ, Tee TW (2011) Fabrication of highly ordered TiO 2 nanotubes
from fluoride containing aqueous electrolyte by anodic oxidation and their photoelectrochemical response. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 11:4900–4909. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2011.
4108
85. Sreekantan S, Lockman Z, Hazan R, Tasbihi M, Tong LK, Mohamed AR (2009) Influence of
electrolyte pH on TiO 2 nanotube formation by Ti anodization. J Alloys Compd 485:478–483.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.05.152
86. Paulose M, Mor GK, Varghese OK, Shankar K, Grimes CA (2006) Visible light photoelectrochemical and water-photoelectrolysis properties of titania nanotube arrays. J Photochem
Photobiol A Chem 178:8–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.06.013
87. Oshida Y (2010) Bioscience and bioengineering of titanium materials. Elsevier
88. Jang SH, Choe HC, Ko YM, Brantley WA (2009) Electrochemical characteristics of nanotubes
formed on Ti–Nb alloys. Thin Solid Films 517:5038–5043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2009.
03.166
89. Tsuchiya H, Akaki T, Nakata J, Terada D, Tsuji N, Koizumi Y, Minamino Y, Schmuki P,
Fujimoto S (2009) Anodic oxide nanotube layers on Ti-Ta alloys: Substrate composition,
microstructure and self-organization on two-size scales. Corros Sci 51:1528–1533. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2008.11.011
90. Xu R, Zhao J, Tao J, Wang X, Li Y (2008) Fabrication of Ti-Al-Zr alloy oxide nanotube arrays
in organic electrolytes by anodization. J Appl Electrochem 38:1229–1232. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s10800-008-9543-1
91. Yasuda K, Schmuki P (2007) Control of morphology and composition of self-organized
zirconium titanate nanotubes formed in (NH4)2SO4/NH4F electrolytes. Electrochim Acta
52:4053–4061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2006.11.023
92. Tsuchiya H, Macak JM, Ghicov A, Tang YC, Fujimoto S, Niinomi M, Noda T, Schmuki
P (2006) Nanotube oxide coating on Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr alloy prepared by self-organizing
anodization. Electrochim Acta 52:94–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2006.03.087
93. Viswanathan S, Mohan L, Bera P, Anandan C (2016) Effect of oxygen plasma immersion ion
implantation on the formation of nanostructures over Ni–Ti alloy. RSC Adv 6:74493–74499.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA11541A
94. Viswanathan S, Mohan L, John S, Bera P, Anandan C (2017) Effect of surface finishing on
the formation of nanostructure and corrosion behavior of Ni–Ti alloy. Surf Interface Anal
49:450–456. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.6178
95. Nakada H, Numata Y, Sakae T, Okazaki Y, Tanimoto Y, Tamaki H, Katou T, Ookubo A,
Kobayashi K, LeGeros RZ (2008) Comparison of bone mineral density and area of newly
formed bone around Ti-15%Zr-4%Nb-4%Ta alloy and Ti-6%A1-4%V alloy implants. J Hard
Tissue Biol 17:99–108. https://doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.17.99
96. Feng XJ, Macak JM, Albu SP, Schmuki P (2008) Electrochemical formation of self-organized
anodic nanotube coating on Ti–28Zr–8Nb biomedical alloy surface. Acta Biomater 4:318–
323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2007.08.005
97. Tsuchiya H, Nakata J, Fujimoto S, Berger S, Schmuki P (2008) Anodic porous and tubular
oxide layers on Ti alloys. In: ECS transactions. The Electrochemical Society, pp 359–367
98. Sieber I, Kannan B, Schmuki P (2005) Self-assembled porous tantalum oxide prepared in
H2so 4/HF electrolytes. Electrochem Solid-State Lett 8:J10. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.185
9676
99. Wei W, Macak JM, Schmuki P (2008) High aspect ratio ordered nanoporous Ta2O5 films
by anodization of Ta. Electrochem Commun 10:428–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.
2008.01.004
100. Oh S-H, Finõnes RR, Daraio C, Chen L-H, Jin S (2005) Growth of nano-scale hydroxyapatite
using chemically treated titanium oxide nanotubes. Biomaterials 26:4938–4943. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.048