508
T. Balusamy et al.
32. Hao Y, Deng B, Zhong C, Jiang Y, Li J (2009) Effect of surface mechanical attrition treatment
on corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel. J Iron Steel Res 16(2):68–72
33. Olugbade T, Liu C, Lu J (2019) Enhanced passivation layer by Cr diffusion of 301 stainless
steel facilitated by SMAT. Adv Eng Mater 1900125
34. Antunes RA, de Oliveira MCL (2012) Corrosion fatigue of biomedical metallic alloys:
mechanisms and mitigation. Acta Biomater 8(3):937–962
35. Mordyuk BN, Prokopenko GI (2006) Fatigue life improvement of α-titanium by novel
ultrasonically assisted technique. Mater Sci Eng, A 437(2):396–405
36. McCafferty E (2003) Sequence of steps in the pitting of aluminum by chloride ions. Corros
Sci 45(7):1421–1438
37. Xie J, Alpas AT, Northwood DO (2002) A mechanism for the crack initiation of corrosion
fatigue of Type 316L stainless steel in Hank’s solution. Mater Charact 48(4):271–277
38. Ma E (2003) Instabilities and ductility of nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained metals. Scr
Mater 49(7):663–668
39. Misra RDK, Nune C, Pesacreta TC, Somani MC, Karjalainen LP (2013) Understanding the
impact of grain structure in austenitic stainless steel from a nanograined regime to a coarsegrained regime on osteoblast functions using a novel metal deformation–annealing sequence.
Acta Biomater 9(4):6245–6258
40. Cicek S, Karaca A, Torun I, Onses MS, Uzer B (2019) The relationship of surface roughness
and wettability of 316L stainless steel implants with plastic deformation mechanisms. Mater
Today Proc 7:389–393
41. Yin F, Yang S, Hu S, Kuang S, Han Q (2017) Enhanced human osteoblast cell functions
by “net-like” nanostructured cell-substrate interface in orthopedic applications. Mater Lett
189:275–278
42. Geetha M, Singh AK, Asokamani R, Gogia AK (2009) Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate
choice for orthopaedic implants—a review. Prog Mater Sci 54(3):397–425
43. Mischler S, Muñoz AI (2013) Wear of CoCrMo alloys used in metal-on-metal hip joints: a
tribocorrosion appraisal. Wear 297(1–2):1081–1094
44. Zhao C, Han P, Ji W, Zhang X (2012) Enhanced mechanical properties and in vitro cell response
of surface mechanical attrition treated pure titanium. J Biomater Appl 27(2):113–118
45. Anand Kumar S, Ganesh Sundara Raman S, Sankara Narayanan TSN (2014) Influence of
surface mechanical attrition treatment duration on fatigue lives of Ti–6Al–4V. Trans Indian
Inst Met 67(1):137–141
46. Zhu KY, Vassel A, Brisset F, Lu K, Lu J (2004) Nanostructure formation mechanism of αtitanium using SMAT. Acta Mater 52(14):4101–4110
47. Wen M, Liu G, Gu J, Guan W, Lu J (2009) Dislocation evolution in titanium during surface
severe plastic deformation. Appl Surf Sci 255(12):6097–6102
48. Anand Kumar S, Ganesh Sundara Raman S, Sankara Narayanan TSN, Gnanamoorthy R (2012)
Influence of surface mechanical attrition treatment on fretting wear behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V.
Adv Mat Res 463–464:316–320
49. Lai M, Cai K, Hu Y, Yang X, Liu Q (2012) Regulation of the behaviors of mesenchymal stem
cells by surface nanostructured titanium. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 97:211–220
50. Wen M, Liu G, Gu J, Guan W, Lu J (2008) The tensile properties of titanium processed by
surface mechanical attrition treatment. Surf Coat Technol 202(19):4728–4733
51. Anand Kumar S, Ganesh Sundara Raman S, Sankara Narayanan TSN, Gnanamoorthy R (2013)
Influence of counterbody material on fretting wear behaviour of surface mechanical attrition
treated Ti–6Al–4V. Tribol Int 57:107–114
52. Huang L, Lu J, Troyon M (2006) Nanomechanical properties of nanostructured titanium
prepared by SMAT. Surf Coat Technol 201(1–2):208–213
53. Huang R, Han Y (2013) The effect of SMAT-induced grain refinement and dislocations on the
corrosion behavior of Ti-25Nb-3Mo-3Zr-2Sn alloy. Mater Sci Eng, C 33(4):2353–2359
54. Acharya S, Panicker AG, Gopal V, Dabas SS, Manivasagam G, Suwas S, Chatterjee K
(2020) Surface mechanical attrition treatment of low modulus Ti-Nb-Ta-O alloy for orthopedic
applications. Mater Sci Eng, C 110:110729
T. Balusamy et al.
32. Hao Y, Deng B, Zhong C, Jiang Y, Li J (2009) Effect of surface mechanical attrition treatment
on corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel. J Iron Steel Res 16(2):68–72
33. Olugbade T, Liu C, Lu J (2019) Enhanced passivation layer by Cr diffusion of 301 stainless
steel facilitated by SMAT. Adv Eng Mater 1900125
34. Antunes RA, de Oliveira MCL (2012) Corrosion fatigue of biomedical metallic alloys:
mechanisms and mitigation. Acta Biomater 8(3):937–962
35. Mordyuk BN, Prokopenko GI (2006) Fatigue life improvement of α-titanium by novel
ultrasonically assisted technique. Mater Sci Eng, A 437(2):396–405
36. McCafferty E (2003) Sequence of steps in the pitting of aluminum by chloride ions. Corros
Sci 45(7):1421–1438
37. Xie J, Alpas AT, Northwood DO (2002) A mechanism for the crack initiation of corrosion
fatigue of Type 316L stainless steel in Hank’s solution. Mater Charact 48(4):271–277
38. Ma E (2003) Instabilities and ductility of nanocrystalline and ultrafine-grained metals. Scr
Mater 49(7):663–668
39. Misra RDK, Nune C, Pesacreta TC, Somani MC, Karjalainen LP (2013) Understanding the
impact of grain structure in austenitic stainless steel from a nanograined regime to a coarsegrained regime on osteoblast functions using a novel metal deformation–annealing sequence.
Acta Biomater 9(4):6245–6258
40. Cicek S, Karaca A, Torun I, Onses MS, Uzer B (2019) The relationship of surface roughness
and wettability of 316L stainless steel implants with plastic deformation mechanisms. Mater
Today Proc 7:389–393
41. Yin F, Yang S, Hu S, Kuang S, Han Q (2017) Enhanced human osteoblast cell functions
by “net-like” nanostructured cell-substrate interface in orthopedic applications. Mater Lett
189:275–278
42. Geetha M, Singh AK, Asokamani R, Gogia AK (2009) Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate
choice for orthopaedic implants—a review. Prog Mater Sci 54(3):397–425
43. Mischler S, Muñoz AI (2013) Wear of CoCrMo alloys used in metal-on-metal hip joints: a
tribocorrosion appraisal. Wear 297(1–2):1081–1094
44. Zhao C, Han P, Ji W, Zhang X (2012) Enhanced mechanical properties and in vitro cell response
of surface mechanical attrition treated pure titanium. J Biomater Appl 27(2):113–118
45. Anand Kumar S, Ganesh Sundara Raman S, Sankara Narayanan TSN (2014) Influence of
surface mechanical attrition treatment duration on fatigue lives of Ti–6Al–4V. Trans Indian
Inst Met 67(1):137–141
46. Zhu KY, Vassel A, Brisset F, Lu K, Lu J (2004) Nanostructure formation mechanism of αtitanium using SMAT. Acta Mater 52(14):4101–4110
47. Wen M, Liu G, Gu J, Guan W, Lu J (2009) Dislocation evolution in titanium during surface
severe plastic deformation. Appl Surf Sci 255(12):6097–6102
48. Anand Kumar S, Ganesh Sundara Raman S, Sankara Narayanan TSN, Gnanamoorthy R (2012)
Influence of surface mechanical attrition treatment on fretting wear behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V.
Adv Mat Res 463–464:316–320
49. Lai M, Cai K, Hu Y, Yang X, Liu Q (2012) Regulation of the behaviors of mesenchymal stem
cells by surface nanostructured titanium. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 97:211–220
50. Wen M, Liu G, Gu J, Guan W, Lu J (2008) The tensile properties of titanium processed by
surface mechanical attrition treatment. Surf Coat Technol 202(19):4728–4733
51. Anand Kumar S, Ganesh Sundara Raman S, Sankara Narayanan TSN, Gnanamoorthy R (2013)
Influence of counterbody material on fretting wear behaviour of surface mechanical attrition
treated Ti–6Al–4V. Tribol Int 57:107–114
52. Huang L, Lu J, Troyon M (2006) Nanomechanical properties of nanostructured titanium
prepared by SMAT. Surf Coat Technol 201(1–2):208–213
53. Huang R, Han Y (2013) The effect of SMAT-induced grain refinement and dislocations on the
corrosion behavior of Ti-25Nb-3Mo-3Zr-2Sn alloy. Mater Sci Eng, C 33(4):2353–2359
54. Acharya S, Panicker AG, Gopal V, Dabas SS, Manivasagam G, Suwas S, Chatterjee K
(2020) Surface mechanical attrition treatment of low modulus Ti-Nb-Ta-O alloy for orthopedic
applications. Mater Sci Eng, C 110:110729