Fabrication of Nanostructured Scaffolds …
333
49. Harrington WF, Von Hippel PH (1962) The structure of collagen and gelatin. In: Advances in
protein chemistry, vol 16. Elsevier, pp 1–138
50. Francis L, Venugopal J, Prabhakaran MP, Thavasi V, Marsano E, Ramakrishna S (2010)
Simultaneous electrospin–electrosprayed biocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue
regeneration. Acta Biomater 6(10):4100–4109
51. Jakobsen R, Brown L, Hutson T, Fink D, Veis A (1983) Intermolecular interactions in
collagen self-assembly as revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Science
220(4603):1288–1290
52. Chu PK, Liu X (2008) Biomaterials fabrication and processing handbook. CRC press
53. Ma PX (2008) Biomimetic materials for tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 60(2):184–198
54. Perumal G, Sivakumar PM, Nandkumar AM, Doble M (2020) Synthesis of magnesium
phosphate nanoflakes and its PCL composite electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for bone tissue
regeneration. Mater Sci Eng, C 109:110527
55. Perumal G, Ramasamy B, Maya Nandkumar A, Sivaraman D, Selvaraj R, Doble M (2020)
Bilayered nanostructure coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy implants for the healing of criticalsized rabbit femoral segmental bone defects. Nanomed: Nanotechnol, Biol Med:102232.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2020.102232
56. Perumal G, Ramasamy B, Doble M (2018) Nanostructure coated AZ31 magnesium cylindrical mesh cage for potential long bone segmental defect repair applications. Colloids Surf,
B 172:690–698
57. Hanas T, Kumar TS, Perumal G, Doble M (2016) Tailoring degradation of AZ31 alloy by
surface pre-treatment and electrospun PCL fibrous coating. Mater Sci Eng, C 65:43–50
58. Legeros RZ (1993) Biodegradation and bioresorption of calcium phosphate ceramics. Clin
Mater 14(1):65–88
59. Kingery WB (1976) HK, and UHLMANN, DR introduction to ceramics. Wiley
60. Foroughi MR, Karbasi S, Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi R (2012) Physical and mechanical properties
of a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-coated nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite scaffold for bone tissue
engineering. J Porous Mater 19(5):667–675
61. Habraken W, Wolke J, Jansen J (2007) Ceramic composites as matrices and scaffolds for drug
delivery in tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 59(4–5):234–248
62. Sun F, Zhou H, Lee J (2011) Various preparation methods of highly porous hydroxyapatite/polymer nanoscale biocomposites for bone regeneration. Acta Biomater 7(11):3813–3828
63. Perumal G, Ramasamy B, Nandkumar AM, Doble M (2018) Influence of magnesium particles
and pluronic F127 on compressive strength and cytocompatibility of nanocomposite injectable
and moldable beads for bone regeneration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 88:453–462
64. Shi Z, Huang X, Cai Y, Tang R, Yang D (2009) Size effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on
proliferation and apoptosis of osteoblast-like cells. Acta Biomater 5(1):338–345. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.actbio.2008.07.023
65. Heo S-J, Kim S-E, Wei J, Kim DH, Hyun Y-T, Yun H-S, Kim HK, Yoon TR, Kim S-H, Park
S-A, Shin JW, Shin J-W (2009) In vitro and animal study of novel nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(Ecaprolactone) composite scaffolds fabricated by layer manufacturing process. Tissue Eng Part
A 15(5):977–989. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0190
66. Li X, Feng Q, Cui F (2006) In vitro degradation of porous nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/PLLA
scaffold reinforced by chitin fibres. Mater Sci Eng, C 26(4):716–720. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.msec.2005.06.062
67. Wegst UGK, Ashby MF (2004) The mechanical efficiency of natural materials. Phil Mag
84(21):2167–2186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786430410001680935
68. Hutmacher DW, Schantz JT, Lam CXF, Tan KC, Lim TC (2007) State of the art and future
directions of scaffold-based bone engineering from a biomaterials perspective. J Tissue Eng
Regen Med 1(4):245–260. https://doi.org/10.1002/term.24
69. Rho J-Y, Kuhn-Spearing L, Zioupos P (1998) Mechanical properties and the hierarchical
structure of bone. Med Eng Phys 20(2):92–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1350-4533(98)000
07-1
333
49. Harrington WF, Von Hippel PH (1962) The structure of collagen and gelatin. In: Advances in
protein chemistry, vol 16. Elsevier, pp 1–138
50. Francis L, Venugopal J, Prabhakaran MP, Thavasi V, Marsano E, Ramakrishna S (2010)
Simultaneous electrospin–electrosprayed biocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue
regeneration. Acta Biomater 6(10):4100–4109
51. Jakobsen R, Brown L, Hutson T, Fink D, Veis A (1983) Intermolecular interactions in
collagen self-assembly as revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Science
220(4603):1288–1290
52. Chu PK, Liu X (2008) Biomaterials fabrication and processing handbook. CRC press
53. Ma PX (2008) Biomimetic materials for tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 60(2):184–198
54. Perumal G, Sivakumar PM, Nandkumar AM, Doble M (2020) Synthesis of magnesium
phosphate nanoflakes and its PCL composite electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for bone tissue
regeneration. Mater Sci Eng, C 109:110527
55. Perumal G, Ramasamy B, Maya Nandkumar A, Sivaraman D, Selvaraj R, Doble M (2020)
Bilayered nanostructure coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy implants for the healing of criticalsized rabbit femoral segmental bone defects. Nanomed: Nanotechnol, Biol Med:102232.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2020.102232
56. Perumal G, Ramasamy B, Doble M (2018) Nanostructure coated AZ31 magnesium cylindrical mesh cage for potential long bone segmental defect repair applications. Colloids Surf,
B 172:690–698
57. Hanas T, Kumar TS, Perumal G, Doble M (2016) Tailoring degradation of AZ31 alloy by
surface pre-treatment and electrospun PCL fibrous coating. Mater Sci Eng, C 65:43–50
58. Legeros RZ (1993) Biodegradation and bioresorption of calcium phosphate ceramics. Clin
Mater 14(1):65–88
59. Kingery WB (1976) HK, and UHLMANN, DR introduction to ceramics. Wiley
60. Foroughi MR, Karbasi S, Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi R (2012) Physical and mechanical properties
of a poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-coated nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite scaffold for bone tissue
engineering. J Porous Mater 19(5):667–675
61. Habraken W, Wolke J, Jansen J (2007) Ceramic composites as matrices and scaffolds for drug
delivery in tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 59(4–5):234–248
62. Sun F, Zhou H, Lee J (2011) Various preparation methods of highly porous hydroxyapatite/polymer nanoscale biocomposites for bone regeneration. Acta Biomater 7(11):3813–3828
63. Perumal G, Ramasamy B, Nandkumar AM, Doble M (2018) Influence of magnesium particles
and pluronic F127 on compressive strength and cytocompatibility of nanocomposite injectable
and moldable beads for bone regeneration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 88:453–462
64. Shi Z, Huang X, Cai Y, Tang R, Yang D (2009) Size effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on
proliferation and apoptosis of osteoblast-like cells. Acta Biomater 5(1):338–345. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.actbio.2008.07.023
65. Heo S-J, Kim S-E, Wei J, Kim DH, Hyun Y-T, Yun H-S, Kim HK, Yoon TR, Kim S-H, Park
S-A, Shin JW, Shin J-W (2009) In vitro and animal study of novel nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(Ecaprolactone) composite scaffolds fabricated by layer manufacturing process. Tissue Eng Part
A 15(5):977–989. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0190
66. Li X, Feng Q, Cui F (2006) In vitro degradation of porous nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/PLLA
scaffold reinforced by chitin fibres. Mater Sci Eng, C 26(4):716–720. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.msec.2005.06.062
67. Wegst UGK, Ashby MF (2004) The mechanical efficiency of natural materials. Phil Mag
84(21):2167–2186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786430410001680935
68. Hutmacher DW, Schantz JT, Lam CXF, Tan KC, Lim TC (2007) State of the art and future
directions of scaffold-based bone engineering from a biomaterials perspective. J Tissue Eng
Regen Med 1(4):245–260. https://doi.org/10.1002/term.24
69. Rho J-Y, Kuhn-Spearing L, Zioupos P (1998) Mechanical properties and the hierarchical
structure of bone. Med Eng Phys 20(2):92–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1350-4533(98)000
07-1