Kaczensky, P., Ganbataar, O., Altansukh, N., Enkhsaikhan, N., Stauffer, C., & Walzer, C. (2011a).
The danger of having all your eggs in one basket: Winter crash of the re-introduced
Przewalski’s horses in the Mongolian Gobi. PLoS ONE, 6, e28057.
Kaczensky, P., Kuehn, R., Lhagvasuren, B., Pietsch, S., Yang, W. K., & Walzer, C. (2011b).
Connectivity of the Asiatic wild ass population in the Mongolian Gobi. Biological
Conservation, 144, 920–929.
Kaczensky, P., Lkhagvasuren, B., Pereladova, O., Hemami, M., & Bouskila, A. (2015). Equus
hemionus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015, e.T7951A45171204. doi:10.2305/
IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T7951A45171204.en
King, S. R. B., Boyd, L., Zimmerman, W., & Kendall, B. E. (2016). Equus ferus. The IUCN Red
List of Threatened Species 2016, e.T41763A97204950.
Leimgruber, P., McShea, W. J., Brookes, C. J., Bolor-Erdene, L., Wemmer, C., & Larson, C.
(2001). Spatial patterns in relative primary productivity and gazelle migration in the eastern
steppes of Mongolia. Biological Conservation, 102, 205–212.
Lhagvasuren, B., & Milner-Gulland, E. J. (1997). The status and management of the Mongolian
gazelle Procapra gutturosa population. Oryx, 31, 127–134.
Luo, Z., Liu, B., Liu, S., Jiang, Z., & Halbrook, R. S. (2014). Influences of human and livestock
density on winter habitat selection of Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa). Zoological
Science, 31, 20–30.
Mallon, D. P. (2008a). Gazelle subgutturosa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008, e.
T8976A12945246. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T8976A12945246.en/
Mallon, D. P. (2008b). Procapra gutturosa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008, e.
T18232A7858611. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T18232A7858611.en
Mallon, D. P., & Jiang, Z. (2009). Grazers on the plains: Challenges and prospects for large
herbivores in central Asia. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46, 516–519.
Morinaga, Y., Tian, S. F., & Shinoda, M. (2003). Winter snow anomaly and atmospheric
circulation in Mongolia. International Journal of Climatology, 23, 1627–1636.
Mueller, T., & Fagan, W. F. (2008). Search and navigation in dynamic environments: From
individual behaviors to population distributions. Oikos, 117, 654–664.
Mueller, T., Olson, K. A., Dressler, G., Leimgruber, P., Fuller, T. K., Nicolson, C., et al. (2011).
How landscape dynamics link individual- to population-level movement patterns: A
multispecies comparison of ungulate relocation data. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 20,
683–694.
Mueller, T., Olson, K. A., Fuller, T. K., Schaller, G. B., Murray, M. G., & Leimgruber, P. (2008).
In search of forage: Predicting dynamic habitats of Mongolian gazelles using satellite-based
estimates of vegetation productivity. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, 649–658.
Nandintsetseg, B., & Shinoda, M. (2011). Seasonal change of soil moisture in Mongolia: Its
climatology and modelling. International Journal of Climatology, 31, 1143–1152.
National Statistical Office of Mongolia. (2016). Mongolian statistical information service. http://
www.1212.mn/en/contents/stats/contents_stat_fld_tree_html.jsp
Okada, A., Ito, T. Y., Buuveibaatar, B., Lhagvasuren, B., & Tsunekawa, A. (2012). Genetic
structure of Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa): the effect of railroad and demographic
change. Mongolian Journal of Biological Sciences, 10, 59–66.
Okada, A., Ito, T. Y., Buuveibaatar, B., Lhagvasuren, B., & Tsunekawa, A. (2015). Genetic
structure in Mongolian gazelles based on mitochondrial and microsatellite markers.
Mammalian Biology, 80, 303–311.
Olson, K. (2012). Wildlife crossing options along existing and planned Mongolian railway
corridors. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
Olson, K. A., Fuller, T. K., Mueller, T., Murray, M. G., Nicolson, C., Odonkhuu, D., et al. (2010).
Annual movements of Mongolian gazelles: Nomads in the eastern steppe. Journal of Arid
Environments, 74, 1435–1442.
Olson, K. A., Mueller, T., Kerby, J. T., Bolortsetseg, S., Leimgruber, P., Nicolson, C. R., et al.
(2011). Death by a thousand huts? Effects of household presence on density and distribution of
Mongolian gazelles. Conservation Letters, 4, 304–312.
14 Habitat Fragmentation by Railways as a Barrier to Great …
245
The danger of having all your eggs in one basket: Winter crash of the re-introduced
Przewalski’s horses in the Mongolian Gobi. PLoS ONE, 6, e28057.
Kaczensky, P., Kuehn, R., Lhagvasuren, B., Pietsch, S., Yang, W. K., & Walzer, C. (2011b).
Connectivity of the Asiatic wild ass population in the Mongolian Gobi. Biological
Conservation, 144, 920–929.
Kaczensky, P., Lkhagvasuren, B., Pereladova, O., Hemami, M., & Bouskila, A. (2015). Equus
hemionus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015, e.T7951A45171204. doi:10.2305/
IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T7951A45171204.en
King, S. R. B., Boyd, L., Zimmerman, W., & Kendall, B. E. (2016). Equus ferus. The IUCN Red
List of Threatened Species 2016, e.T41763A97204950.
Leimgruber, P., McShea, W. J., Brookes, C. J., Bolor-Erdene, L., Wemmer, C., & Larson, C.
(2001). Spatial patterns in relative primary productivity and gazelle migration in the eastern
steppes of Mongolia. Biological Conservation, 102, 205–212.
Lhagvasuren, B., & Milner-Gulland, E. J. (1997). The status and management of the Mongolian
gazelle Procapra gutturosa population. Oryx, 31, 127–134.
Luo, Z., Liu, B., Liu, S., Jiang, Z., & Halbrook, R. S. (2014). Influences of human and livestock
density on winter habitat selection of Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa). Zoological
Science, 31, 20–30.
Mallon, D. P. (2008a). Gazelle subgutturosa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008, e.
T8976A12945246. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T8976A12945246.en/
Mallon, D. P. (2008b). Procapra gutturosa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008, e.
T18232A7858611. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T18232A7858611.en
Mallon, D. P., & Jiang, Z. (2009). Grazers on the plains: Challenges and prospects for large
herbivores in central Asia. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46, 516–519.
Morinaga, Y., Tian, S. F., & Shinoda, M. (2003). Winter snow anomaly and atmospheric
circulation in Mongolia. International Journal of Climatology, 23, 1627–1636.
Mueller, T., & Fagan, W. F. (2008). Search and navigation in dynamic environments: From
individual behaviors to population distributions. Oikos, 117, 654–664.
Mueller, T., Olson, K. A., Dressler, G., Leimgruber, P., Fuller, T. K., Nicolson, C., et al. (2011).
How landscape dynamics link individual- to population-level movement patterns: A
multispecies comparison of ungulate relocation data. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 20,
683–694.
Mueller, T., Olson, K. A., Fuller, T. K., Schaller, G. B., Murray, M. G., & Leimgruber, P. (2008).
In search of forage: Predicting dynamic habitats of Mongolian gazelles using satellite-based
estimates of vegetation productivity. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, 649–658.
Nandintsetseg, B., & Shinoda, M. (2011). Seasonal change of soil moisture in Mongolia: Its
climatology and modelling. International Journal of Climatology, 31, 1143–1152.
National Statistical Office of Mongolia. (2016). Mongolian statistical information service. http://
www.1212.mn/en/contents/stats/contents_stat_fld_tree_html.jsp
Okada, A., Ito, T. Y., Buuveibaatar, B., Lhagvasuren, B., & Tsunekawa, A. (2012). Genetic
structure of Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa): the effect of railroad and demographic
change. Mongolian Journal of Biological Sciences, 10, 59–66.
Okada, A., Ito, T. Y., Buuveibaatar, B., Lhagvasuren, B., & Tsunekawa, A. (2015). Genetic
structure in Mongolian gazelles based on mitochondrial and microsatellite markers.
Mammalian Biology, 80, 303–311.
Olson, K. (2012). Wildlife crossing options along existing and planned Mongolian railway
corridors. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
Olson, K. A., Fuller, T. K., Mueller, T., Murray, M. G., Nicolson, C., Odonkhuu, D., et al. (2010).
Annual movements of Mongolian gazelles: Nomads in the eastern steppe. Journal of Arid
Environments, 74, 1435–1442.
Olson, K. A., Mueller, T., Kerby, J. T., Bolortsetseg, S., Leimgruber, P., Nicolson, C. R., et al.
(2011). Death by a thousand huts? Effects of household presence on density and distribution of
Mongolian gazelles. Conservation Letters, 4, 304–312.
14 Habitat Fragmentation by Railways as a Barrier to Great …
245