Acknowledgements This study was funded by the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science, and Technology’s Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research 14405039, 18255002, 20255001,
24510326, 25220201, 15K06931.
References
Batsaikhan, N., Buuveibaatar, B., Chimed, B., Enkhtuya, O., Galbrakh, D., Ganbaatar, O., et al.
(2014). Conserving the world’s finest grassland amidst ambitious national development.
Conservation Biology, 28, 1736–1739.
Batsaikhan, N., Samiya, R., Shar, S., & King, S. R. B. (2010). A field guide to the mammals of
Mongolia. London: Zoological Society of London.
Berger, J. (2004). The last mile: How to sustain long-distance migration in mammals.
Conservation Biology, 18, 320–331.
Campos-Arceiz, A., Takatsuki, S., & Lhagvasuren, B. (2004). Food overlap between Mongolian
gazelles and livestock in Omnogobi, southern Mongolia. Ecological Research, 19, 455–460.
Fernandez-Gimenez, M. E., Batkhishig, B., & Batbuyan, B. (2012). Cross-boundary and
cross-level dynamics increase vulnerability to severe winter disasters (dzud) in Mongolia.
Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions, 22, 836–851.
Fernandez-Gimenez, M. E., Batkhishig, B., Batbuyan, B., & Ulambayar, T. (2015). Lessons from
the dzud: Community-based rangeland management increases the adaptive capacity of
Mongolian herders to winter disasters. World Development, 68, 48–65.
Imai, S., Ito, T. Y., Kinugasa, T., Shinoda, M., Tsunekawa, A., & Lhagvasuren, B. (2017). Effects
of spatiotemporal heterogeneity of forage availability on annual range size of Mongolian
gazelles. Journal of Zoology, 301, 133–140.
Ito, T. Y., Miura, N., Lhagvasuren, B., Enkhbileg, D., Takatsuki, S., Tsunekawa, A., et al. (2005).
Preliminary evidence of a barrier effect of a railroad on the migration of Mongolian gazelles.
Conservation Biology, 19, 945–948.
Ito, T. Y., Miura, N., Lhagvasuren, B., Enkhbileg, D., Takatsuki, S., Tsunekawa, A., et al. (2006).
Satellite tracking of Mongolian gazelles (Procapra gutturosa) and habitat shifts in their
seasonal ranges. Journal of Zoology, 269, 291–298.
Ito, T. Y., Okada, A., Buuveibaatar, B., Lhagvasuren, B., Takatsuki, S., & Tsunekawa, A. (2008).
One-sided barrier impact of an international railroad on Mongolian gazelles. Journal of
Wildlife Management, 72, 940–943.
Ito, T. Y., Lhagvasuren, B., Tsunekawa, A., Shinoda, M., Takatsuki, S., Buuveibaatar, B., et al.
(2013a). Fragmentation of the habitat of wild ungulates by anthropogenic barriers in Mongolia.
PLoS ONE, 8, e56995.
Ito, T. Y., Tsuge, M., Lhagvasuren, B., Buuveibaatar, B., Chimeddorj, B., Takatsuki, S., et al.
(2013b). Effects of interannual variations in environmental conditions on seasonal range
selection by Mongolian gazelles. Journal of Arid Environments, 91, 61–68.
Jiang, Z., Takatsuki, S., Gao, Z., & Jin, K. (1998). The present status, ecology and conservation of
the Mongolian gazelle, Procapra gutturosa: A review. Mammal Study, 23, 63–78.
Kaczensky, P., Sheehy, D. P., Johnson, D. E., Walzer, C., Lhkagvasuren, D., & Sheehy, C. M.
(2006). Room to roam? The threat to khulan (wild ass) from human intrusion. Washington, D.
C.: World Bank.
Kaczensky, P., Ganbaatar, O., von Wehrden, H., & Walzer, C. (2008). Resource selection by
sympatric wild equids in the Mongolian Gobi. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, 1762–1769.
Kaczensky, P., Ito, T. Y., & Walzer, C. (2010). Satellite telemetry of large mammals in Mongolia:
What expectations should we have for collar function? Wildlife Biology in Practice, 6,
108–126.
244
T.Y. Ito et al.
Science, and Technology’s Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research 14405039, 18255002, 20255001,
24510326, 25220201, 15K06931.
References
Batsaikhan, N., Buuveibaatar, B., Chimed, B., Enkhtuya, O., Galbrakh, D., Ganbaatar, O., et al.
(2014). Conserving the world’s finest grassland amidst ambitious national development.
Conservation Biology, 28, 1736–1739.
Batsaikhan, N., Samiya, R., Shar, S., & King, S. R. B. (2010). A field guide to the mammals of
Mongolia. London: Zoological Society of London.
Berger, J. (2004). The last mile: How to sustain long-distance migration in mammals.
Conservation Biology, 18, 320–331.
Campos-Arceiz, A., Takatsuki, S., & Lhagvasuren, B. (2004). Food overlap between Mongolian
gazelles and livestock in Omnogobi, southern Mongolia. Ecological Research, 19, 455–460.
Fernandez-Gimenez, M. E., Batkhishig, B., & Batbuyan, B. (2012). Cross-boundary and
cross-level dynamics increase vulnerability to severe winter disasters (dzud) in Mongolia.
Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions, 22, 836–851.
Fernandez-Gimenez, M. E., Batkhishig, B., Batbuyan, B., & Ulambayar, T. (2015). Lessons from
the dzud: Community-based rangeland management increases the adaptive capacity of
Mongolian herders to winter disasters. World Development, 68, 48–65.
Imai, S., Ito, T. Y., Kinugasa, T., Shinoda, M., Tsunekawa, A., & Lhagvasuren, B. (2017). Effects
of spatiotemporal heterogeneity of forage availability on annual range size of Mongolian
gazelles. Journal of Zoology, 301, 133–140.
Ito, T. Y., Miura, N., Lhagvasuren, B., Enkhbileg, D., Takatsuki, S., Tsunekawa, A., et al. (2005).
Preliminary evidence of a barrier effect of a railroad on the migration of Mongolian gazelles.
Conservation Biology, 19, 945–948.
Ito, T. Y., Miura, N., Lhagvasuren, B., Enkhbileg, D., Takatsuki, S., Tsunekawa, A., et al. (2006).
Satellite tracking of Mongolian gazelles (Procapra gutturosa) and habitat shifts in their
seasonal ranges. Journal of Zoology, 269, 291–298.
Ito, T. Y., Okada, A., Buuveibaatar, B., Lhagvasuren, B., Takatsuki, S., & Tsunekawa, A. (2008).
One-sided barrier impact of an international railroad on Mongolian gazelles. Journal of
Wildlife Management, 72, 940–943.
Ito, T. Y., Lhagvasuren, B., Tsunekawa, A., Shinoda, M., Takatsuki, S., Buuveibaatar, B., et al.
(2013a). Fragmentation of the habitat of wild ungulates by anthropogenic barriers in Mongolia.
PLoS ONE, 8, e56995.
Ito, T. Y., Tsuge, M., Lhagvasuren, B., Buuveibaatar, B., Chimeddorj, B., Takatsuki, S., et al.
(2013b). Effects of interannual variations in environmental conditions on seasonal range
selection by Mongolian gazelles. Journal of Arid Environments, 91, 61–68.
Jiang, Z., Takatsuki, S., Gao, Z., & Jin, K. (1998). The present status, ecology and conservation of
the Mongolian gazelle, Procapra gutturosa: A review. Mammal Study, 23, 63–78.
Kaczensky, P., Sheehy, D. P., Johnson, D. E., Walzer, C., Lhkagvasuren, D., & Sheehy, C. M.
(2006). Room to roam? The threat to khulan (wild ass) from human intrusion. Washington, D.
C.: World Bank.
Kaczensky, P., Ganbaatar, O., von Wehrden, H., & Walzer, C. (2008). Resource selection by
sympatric wild equids in the Mongolian Gobi. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, 1762–1769.
Kaczensky, P., Ito, T. Y., & Walzer, C. (2010). Satellite telemetry of large mammals in Mongolia:
What expectations should we have for collar function? Wildlife Biology in Practice, 6,
108–126.
244
T.Y. Ito et al.