feedstock for the production of bio-based chemicals and might contribute to
increased competition in the future.
Societal acceptance is essential for the legitimacy of an innovation and to assess
how norms and values in society influence the prospects of producing SA from
mixed food waste. The main source of data for the analysis were interviews and
workshops complemented with analysis of discussions in related areas, such as
GMO and food versus fuel (e.g. through newspaper articles, NGO webpages, and
research reports). The results show that the perceptions of circularity of biomass
and bio-based chemicals and related products are positive. However, public resistance towards genetically modified organisms has previously hampered the realization of a bio process production facility and may do so in the case of SA as well.
A screening of market data and scenarios was carried out to judge the future
demand of increased SA production. The main source of data for the analysis were
documents and literature on future market. The results indicate that there is a
demand for bio-based SA and that it is expected to grow in the future considering
bio-based SA can substitute a range of fossil chemical components, not only fossil
SA. Also, there is an interest of producing and buying bio-based chemicals and
related products in a more resource efficient manner, e.g. using waste instead of the
currently used food crops.
Finally, a mapping of current and future actors was made to determine if the
right type of actors can be mobilized to realize a SA value chain to enable the
production facility. The results show that although technical competences exist and
market demand is expected in the future, actors are not yet fully committed or
aligned to develop bio-based chemicals production such as SA from food waste.
Further details can be found in related work of Ulmanen et al. [8].
2.3 Resource Evaluation Based on Waste Flows
Several research questions and methods were involved in the resource evaluation
e.g. material flow analysis and scenario analysis. The question of which capacity is
needed for production of bio-based SA was approached using benchmark of
existing and planned production sites for bio-based SA production. The results
show that a capacity of at least 10,000 tons bio-based SA/year is likely to be needed
for a commercial plant. Material flow analyses were used to determine if there is
sufficient mixed food waste in Sweden for that production capacity. The results
show that there is sufficient mixed food waste in Sweden as a whole, but not in
individual facilities. Further, scenario analysis (including material flow analysis
and policy analysis) was used to assess if there is sufficient mixed food waste in
Sweden for the production capacity, also given political goals to minimize avoidable food waste. The results show that there are sufficient flows in Sweden,
although distributed among sites in a large geographical area. Further details can be
found in related work of Rex et al. [7].
330
B. Brunklaus et al.
increased competition in the future.
Societal acceptance is essential for the legitimacy of an innovation and to assess
how norms and values in society influence the prospects of producing SA from
mixed food waste. The main source of data for the analysis were interviews and
workshops complemented with analysis of discussions in related areas, such as
GMO and food versus fuel (e.g. through newspaper articles, NGO webpages, and
research reports). The results show that the perceptions of circularity of biomass
and bio-based chemicals and related products are positive. However, public resistance towards genetically modified organisms has previously hampered the realization of a bio process production facility and may do so in the case of SA as well.
A screening of market data and scenarios was carried out to judge the future
demand of increased SA production. The main source of data for the analysis were
documents and literature on future market. The results indicate that there is a
demand for bio-based SA and that it is expected to grow in the future considering
bio-based SA can substitute a range of fossil chemical components, not only fossil
SA. Also, there is an interest of producing and buying bio-based chemicals and
related products in a more resource efficient manner, e.g. using waste instead of the
currently used food crops.
Finally, a mapping of current and future actors was made to determine if the
right type of actors can be mobilized to realize a SA value chain to enable the
production facility. The results show that although technical competences exist and
market demand is expected in the future, actors are not yet fully committed or
aligned to develop bio-based chemicals production such as SA from food waste.
Further details can be found in related work of Ulmanen et al. [8].
2.3 Resource Evaluation Based on Waste Flows
Several research questions and methods were involved in the resource evaluation
e.g. material flow analysis and scenario analysis. The question of which capacity is
needed for production of bio-based SA was approached using benchmark of
existing and planned production sites for bio-based SA production. The results
show that a capacity of at least 10,000 tons bio-based SA/year is likely to be needed
for a commercial plant. Material flow analyses were used to determine if there is
sufficient mixed food waste in Sweden for that production capacity. The results
show that there is sufficient mixed food waste in Sweden as a whole, but not in
individual facilities. Further, scenario analysis (including material flow analysis
and policy analysis) was used to assess if there is sufficient mixed food waste in
Sweden for the production capacity, also given political goals to minimize avoidable food waste. The results show that there are sufficient flows in Sweden,
although distributed among sites in a large geographical area. Further details can be
found in related work of Rex et al. [7].
330
B. Brunklaus et al.