353
These changes in feedstock supply will have a bearing on energy demands and
CO 2 emissions. The aluminium industry is a good and current case of an industry
that has already shifted focus towards a recycled feedstock and shows the improved
economics and environmental performance through recycling of aluminium (e.g.
cans) compared with the life cycle implications of producing virgin metal (see
Chap. 6 ).
Resource innovation , the recovery of component parts of ‘waste streams’,
whether that is critical raw materials from mineral based industries, proteins and
fl avonoids from industrial food wastes or phosphates from water discharges, represents an improvement in utilisation of fi nite resources which will need to shape
future policy and approach. Avoiding the closure of material loops is not a future
option; this is not a matter of principle, but ultimately one of economics and the
emerging industries will be integral to a changing mix on the future industrial park.
Again, to lean on the thermodynamic argument for materials as well as for our
utility studies, the more dissipated our resources, the higher the entropy and the
more the energy required to recover them. It is surely better to sprout a new industry
on a collocated industrial park to recover critical material from fl y ash before we
provide it as an ingredient to make cement.
Link2Energy has a legacy of successful material exchanges that minimise material being sent to landfi ll. However more recent examples of resource innovation in
the Humber area relate to the development of a marine biorefi nery for the extraction
of phospholipids from fi sh and particular salmon skins. The project, which was
funded by the Innovate for Growth competition run by the Technology Strategy
Board, engaged a Grimsby-based food factory, academia and a local company specialising in extraction technology. It has replicated this collaborative approach with
academia and industry for a number of other high-value resource innovation projects. These include the extraction of proteins and peptides from reject potatoes,
fl avonoids from waste citrus fruit and rare earth metals from by-product residues
from the mineral industry. The company is also engaged with valorisation of alkaline leachates from the steel industry as part of a 3-year study funded by the Natural
Environment Research Council (NERC).
To realise the benefi ts identifi ed in LOCIMAP, it will be necessary to challenge
existing approaches to business . These challenges are twofold. The intra-park challenge goes beyond utility platform sharing and into process integration. The extrapark collaboration goes beyond intercompany exchange into public-private sector
partnerships.
The key advantage of the low-carbon park is that it provides the location where
minimum energy and lowest cost can exist together. The model for that business
may take many forms and will be determined by culture and public sector policy
and support. Enlightened self-interest may prove suffi ciently strong to engineer
some of these changes. LOCIMAP has excellent exemplars from within its own
partners as to what can be achieved already through industrial and industrial- municipal
collaborations; examples are provided by the parks at Tarragona, Kokkola, Wilton
and Kalundborg .
19 Quantifying the Potential of Industrial Symbiosis: The LOCIMAP Project…
These changes in feedstock supply will have a bearing on energy demands and
CO 2 emissions. The aluminium industry is a good and current case of an industry
that has already shifted focus towards a recycled feedstock and shows the improved
economics and environmental performance through recycling of aluminium (e.g.
cans) compared with the life cycle implications of producing virgin metal (see
Chap. 6 ).
Resource innovation , the recovery of component parts of ‘waste streams’,
whether that is critical raw materials from mineral based industries, proteins and
fl avonoids from industrial food wastes or phosphates from water discharges, represents an improvement in utilisation of fi nite resources which will need to shape
future policy and approach. Avoiding the closure of material loops is not a future
option; this is not a matter of principle, but ultimately one of economics and the
emerging industries will be integral to a changing mix on the future industrial park.
Again, to lean on the thermodynamic argument for materials as well as for our
utility studies, the more dissipated our resources, the higher the entropy and the
more the energy required to recover them. It is surely better to sprout a new industry
on a collocated industrial park to recover critical material from fl y ash before we
provide it as an ingredient to make cement.
Link2Energy has a legacy of successful material exchanges that minimise material being sent to landfi ll. However more recent examples of resource innovation in
the Humber area relate to the development of a marine biorefi nery for the extraction
of phospholipids from fi sh and particular salmon skins. The project, which was
funded by the Innovate for Growth competition run by the Technology Strategy
Board, engaged a Grimsby-based food factory, academia and a local company specialising in extraction technology. It has replicated this collaborative approach with
academia and industry for a number of other high-value resource innovation projects. These include the extraction of proteins and peptides from reject potatoes,
fl avonoids from waste citrus fruit and rare earth metals from by-product residues
from the mineral industry. The company is also engaged with valorisation of alkaline leachates from the steel industry as part of a 3-year study funded by the Natural
Environment Research Council (NERC).
To realise the benefi ts identifi ed in LOCIMAP, it will be necessary to challenge
existing approaches to business . These challenges are twofold. The intra-park challenge goes beyond utility platform sharing and into process integration. The extrapark collaboration goes beyond intercompany exchange into public-private sector
partnerships.
The key advantage of the low-carbon park is that it provides the location where
minimum energy and lowest cost can exist together. The model for that business
may take many forms and will be determined by culture and public sector policy
and support. Enlightened self-interest may prove suffi ciently strong to engineer
some of these changes. LOCIMAP has excellent exemplars from within its own
partners as to what can be achieved already through industrial and industrial- municipal
collaborations; examples are provided by the parks at Tarragona, Kokkola, Wilton
and Kalundborg .
19 Quantifying the Potential of Industrial Symbiosis: The LOCIMAP Project…