Chapter 4
Plasma of Magnetic Monopoles
In the past decade of trying to understand how potential magnetic monopoles would
behave in this material, the focus was on the ’free’/independent motion of this
magnetic charge. However, it was important to keep in mind and realize that these
charges come in pairs of opposite signs. A system similar to this has been in existence for over half a century and is the basis of modern electronics. To understand
the temperature and frequency dependence of noise from a magnetic monopole
system consisting of equal and opposite charges, it could be instructive to look to
its electronic cousin—the semiconductor with electrons and holes. In an intrinsic
semiconductor, electric charges ±q that are subject to Coulomb interactions may
also undergo spontaneous generation and recombination processes (Fig. 4.1a) that
are well understood [1–3]. Here, thermal generation and recombination (GR) of ±q
pairs generates a spectral density of voltage noise S V (ω, T ) = V 2 S N (ω, T )/N 2
0 ,
where S N (ω, T ) is the spectral density of GR fluctuations in the number of ±q
pairs. In this chapter the formalism for magnetic monopole antimonopole generation
and recombination is developed. The predictions coming out of this formalism
for the analytic form of magnetic monopole noise are layed out. Finally, Monte
Carlo simulations for Dysprosium Titanate in the temperature range of 1.2K-4K are
compared with the aforementioned predictions.
There is a direct analogy between GR of electric hole pairs ±q and magnetic
±m ∗ charges (Fig. 4.1). Magnetic monopoles are spontaneously generated via
thermal spin flips and can recombine at a later time, again with the help of
thermal spin flips. The similarity between generation-recombination in electronic
semiconductors and magnetic monopole housing spin ices was utilized to predict
the magnetic spectral noise density for magnetic monopoles [4]. Here we describe
the statistics of generation-recombination noise arising from thermally activated
magnetic monopole plasma of equal and opposite charges.
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
R. Dusad, Magnetic Monopole Noise, Springer Theses,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58193-0_4
35
Plasma of Magnetic Monopoles
In the past decade of trying to understand how potential magnetic monopoles would
behave in this material, the focus was on the ’free’/independent motion of this
magnetic charge. However, it was important to keep in mind and realize that these
charges come in pairs of opposite signs. A system similar to this has been in existence for over half a century and is the basis of modern electronics. To understand
the temperature and frequency dependence of noise from a magnetic monopole
system consisting of equal and opposite charges, it could be instructive to look to
its electronic cousin—the semiconductor with electrons and holes. In an intrinsic
semiconductor, electric charges ±q that are subject to Coulomb interactions may
also undergo spontaneous generation and recombination processes (Fig. 4.1a) that
are well understood [1–3]. Here, thermal generation and recombination (GR) of ±q
pairs generates a spectral density of voltage noise S V (ω, T ) = V 2 S N (ω, T )/N 2
0 ,
where S N (ω, T ) is the spectral density of GR fluctuations in the number of ±q
pairs. In this chapter the formalism for magnetic monopole antimonopole generation
and recombination is developed. The predictions coming out of this formalism
for the analytic form of magnetic monopole noise are layed out. Finally, Monte
Carlo simulations for Dysprosium Titanate in the temperature range of 1.2K-4K are
compared with the aforementioned predictions.
There is a direct analogy between GR of electric hole pairs ±q and magnetic
±m ∗ charges (Fig. 4.1). Magnetic monopoles are spontaneously generated via
thermal spin flips and can recombine at a later time, again with the help of
thermal spin flips. The similarity between generation-recombination in electronic
semiconductors and magnetic monopole housing spin ices was utilized to predict
the magnetic spectral noise density for magnetic monopoles [4]. Here we describe
the statistics of generation-recombination noise arising from thermally activated
magnetic monopole plasma of equal and opposite charges.
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
R. Dusad, Magnetic Monopole Noise, Springer Theses,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58193-0_4
35