70
Murata M, Iwashita T, Yokoyama A et al (1992) Partial structures
of Maitotoxin, the most potent marine toxin from dinoflagellate
Gambierdiscus toxicus. J Am Chem Soc 114:6594–6596. https://
doi.org/10.1021/ja00042a070
Murrell MC, Lores EM (2004) Phytoplankton and zooplankton seasonal dynamics in a subtropical estuary: importance of cyanobacteria. J Plankton Res 26:371–382. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/
fbh038
Nash SMB, Baddock MC, Takahashi E et al (2017) Domoic acid poisoning as a possible cause of seasonal cetacean mass stranding
events in Tasmania, Australia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 98:8–
13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1906-4
Not F, Latasa M, Marie D et al (2004) A single species, Micromonas
pusilla (Prasinophyceae), dominates the eukaryotic picoplankton
in the Western English Channel. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:4064–
4072. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.7.4064
Olenina I, Wasmund N, Hajdu S et al (2010) Assessing impacts of invasive phytoplankton: the Baltic Sea case. Mar Pollut Bull 60:1691–
1700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.06.046
Paasche E (1973a) Silicon and the ecology of marine plankton diatoms.
I. Thalassiosira pseudonana (Cyclotella nana) grown in a chemostat with silicate as limiting nutrient. Mar Biol 19:117–126. https://
doi.org/10.1007/BF00353582
Paasche E (1973b) Silicon and the ecology of marine plankton diatoms.
II. Silicate-uptake kinetics in five diatom species. Mar Biol 19:262–
269. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02097147
Paerl HW (1988) Nuisance phytoplankton blooms in coastal, estuarine, and inland waters. Limnol Oceanogr 33:823–843. https://doi.
org/10.4319/lo.1988.33.4_part_2.0823
Paerl HW (2012) Marine plankton. In: Whitton BA (ed) Ecology
of cyanobacteria ii: their diversity in space and time. Springer
Science+Business Media B.V, Dordrecht, pp 127–153
Palinska KA, Surosz W (2014) Taxonomy of cyanobacteria: a contribution to consensus approach. Hydrobiologia 740:1–11. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s10750-014-1971-9
Parfrey LW, Barbero E, Lasser E et al (2006) Evaluating support for the
current classification of eukaryotic diversity. PLoS Genet 2:2062–
2073. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020220
Perrin RA, Lu P, Marchant HJ (1987) Seasonal variation in marine
phytoplankton and ice algae at a shallow antarctic coastal site.
Hydrobiologia 146:33–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00007575
Perry MJ (1976) Phosphate utilization by an oceanic diatom in
phosphorus- limited chemo-stat culture and in the oligotrophic
waters of the central North Pacific. Limnol Oceanogr 21:88–107.
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1976.21.1.0088
Pierce RH, Henry MS, Blum PC et al (2003) Brevetoxin concentrations
in marine aerosol: human exposure levels during a Karenia brevis
harmful algal bloom. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 70:161–165.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-002-0170-y.Brevetoxin
Plankton*Net Data Provider at the Alfred Wegener Insitute for Polar
and Marine Research Plankton*Net. hdl:10013/de.awi.planktonnet
Racault MF, Le Quéré C, Buitenhuis E et al (2012) Phytoplankton
phenology in the global ocean. Ecol Indic 14:152–163. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.07.010
Ramanathan V (1981) The role of ocean-atmosphere interactions in the
CO 2 climate problem. J Atmos Sci 38:918–930
Rao DVS, Quilliam MA, Pocklington R (1988) Domoic acid – a neurotoxic amino acid produced by the marine diatom Nitzschia pungens in culture. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 45:2076–2079. https://doi.
org/10.1139/f88-241
Redfield AC (1958) The biological control of chemical factors in
the environment. Am Sci 46:205–221. https://doi.org/10.5194/
bg-11-1599-2014
Reid PC, Lancelot C, Gieskes WWC et al (1990) Phytoplankton of the
North Sea and its dynamics: a review. Neth J Sea Res 26:295–331.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(90)90094-W
Reid PC, Colebrook JM, Matthews JBL et al (2003) The continuous
plankton recorder: concepts and history, from plankton Indicator
to undulating recorders. Prog Oceanogr 58:117–173. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.pocean.2003.08.002
Rhein M, Rintoul SR, Aoki S et al (2013) Observations: ocean. In:
Stocker TF, Qin D, Plattner G-K et al (eds) Climate change 2013:
the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the
Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York
Roy S, Llewellyn CA, Egeland ES et al (2011) Phytoplankton pigments: characterization, chemotaxonomy and applications in oceanography. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Sarmiento JL, Hughes TMC, Stouffer RJ et al (1998) Simulated
response of the ocean carbon cycle to anthropogenic climate warming. Nature 393:245–249. https://doi.org/10.1038/30455
Schlüter MH, Kraberg A, Wiltshire KH (2012) Long-term changes in
the seasonality of selected diatoms related to grazers and environmental conditions. J Sea Res 67:91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
seares.2011.11.001
Seoane S, Riobó P, Franco J (2017) Haemolytic activity in different
species of the genus Prymnesium (Haptophyta). J Mar Biol Assoc
UK 97:491–496. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315416001077
Shen Y, Benner R (2018) Mixing it up in the ocean carbon cycle and
the removal of refractory dissolved organic carbon. Sci Rep 8:2542.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20857-5
Shi D, Xu Y, Hopkinson BM et al (2010) Effect of ocean acidification
on iron availability to marine phytoplankton. Science 327:676–679.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1183517
Sieburth JM, Smetacek V, Lenz J (1978) Pelagic ecosystem structure:
heterotrophic compartments of the plankton and their relationship
to plankton size fractions. Limnol Oceanogr 23:1256–1263. https://
doi.org/10.4319/lo.1978.23.6.1256
Silver MW, Bargu S, Coale SL et al (2010) Toxic diatoms and domoic
acid in natural and iron enriched waters of the oceanic Pacific. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:20762–20767. https://doi.org/10.1073/
pnas.1006968107
Smith VH (2006) Responses of estuarine and coastal marine phytoplankton to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment. Limnol Oceanogr
51:377–384. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0377
Stefels J, Steinke M, Turner S et al (2007) Environmental constraints on the production and removal of the climatically
active gas dimethylsulphide (DMS) and implications for ecosystem modelling. Biogeochemistry 83:245–275. https://doi.
org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6214-8_18
Sukhanova IN, Flint MV, Pautova LA et al (2009) Phytoplankton of
the western Arctic in the spring and summer of 2002: structure
and seasonal changes. Deep Res Pt II 56:1223–1236. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.030
Sundh I (1992) Biochemical composition of dissolved organic carbon
derived from phytoplankton and used by heterotrophic bacteria.
Appl Environ Microbiol 58:2938–2947
Swart S, Thomalla SJ, Monteiro PMS (2015) The seasonal cycle of
mixed layer dynamics and phytoplankton biomass in the SubAntarctic Zone: a high-resolution glider experiment. J Mar Syst
147:103–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.06.002
Taylor FJR, Hoppenrath M, Saldarriaga JF (2008) Dinoflagellate diversity and distribution. Biodivers Conserv 17:407–418. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s10531-007-9258-3
Thackeray SJ (2012) Mismatch revisited: what is trophic mismatching
from the perspective of the plankton? J Plankton Res 34:1001–1010.
https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbs066
Thompson PA, Levasseur ME, Harrison PJ (1989) Light-limited growth
on ammonium vs. nitrate: what is the advantage for marine phytoplankton? Limnol Oceanogr 34:1014–1024. https://doi.org/10.4319/
lo.1989.34.6.1014
L. Käse and J. K. Geuer
Murata M, Iwashita T, Yokoyama A et al (1992) Partial structures
of Maitotoxin, the most potent marine toxin from dinoflagellate
Gambierdiscus toxicus. J Am Chem Soc 114:6594–6596. https://
doi.org/10.1021/ja00042a070
Murrell MC, Lores EM (2004) Phytoplankton and zooplankton seasonal dynamics in a subtropical estuary: importance of cyanobacteria. J Plankton Res 26:371–382. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/
fbh038
Nash SMB, Baddock MC, Takahashi E et al (2017) Domoic acid poisoning as a possible cause of seasonal cetacean mass stranding
events in Tasmania, Australia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 98:8–
13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1906-4
Not F, Latasa M, Marie D et al (2004) A single species, Micromonas
pusilla (Prasinophyceae), dominates the eukaryotic picoplankton
in the Western English Channel. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:4064–
4072. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.7.4064
Olenina I, Wasmund N, Hajdu S et al (2010) Assessing impacts of invasive phytoplankton: the Baltic Sea case. Mar Pollut Bull 60:1691–
1700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.06.046
Paasche E (1973a) Silicon and the ecology of marine plankton diatoms.
I. Thalassiosira pseudonana (Cyclotella nana) grown in a chemostat with silicate as limiting nutrient. Mar Biol 19:117–126. https://
doi.org/10.1007/BF00353582
Paasche E (1973b) Silicon and the ecology of marine plankton diatoms.
II. Silicate-uptake kinetics in five diatom species. Mar Biol 19:262–
269. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02097147
Paerl HW (1988) Nuisance phytoplankton blooms in coastal, estuarine, and inland waters. Limnol Oceanogr 33:823–843. https://doi.
org/10.4319/lo.1988.33.4_part_2.0823
Paerl HW (2012) Marine plankton. In: Whitton BA (ed) Ecology
of cyanobacteria ii: their diversity in space and time. Springer
Science+Business Media B.V, Dordrecht, pp 127–153
Palinska KA, Surosz W (2014) Taxonomy of cyanobacteria: a contribution to consensus approach. Hydrobiologia 740:1–11. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s10750-014-1971-9
Parfrey LW, Barbero E, Lasser E et al (2006) Evaluating support for the
current classification of eukaryotic diversity. PLoS Genet 2:2062–
2073. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020220
Perrin RA, Lu P, Marchant HJ (1987) Seasonal variation in marine
phytoplankton and ice algae at a shallow antarctic coastal site.
Hydrobiologia 146:33–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00007575
Perry MJ (1976) Phosphate utilization by an oceanic diatom in
phosphorus- limited chemo-stat culture and in the oligotrophic
waters of the central North Pacific. Limnol Oceanogr 21:88–107.
https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1976.21.1.0088
Pierce RH, Henry MS, Blum PC et al (2003) Brevetoxin concentrations
in marine aerosol: human exposure levels during a Karenia brevis
harmful algal bloom. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 70:161–165.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-002-0170-y.Brevetoxin
Plankton*Net Data Provider at the Alfred Wegener Insitute for Polar
and Marine Research Plankton*Net. hdl:10013/de.awi.planktonnet
Racault MF, Le Quéré C, Buitenhuis E et al (2012) Phytoplankton
phenology in the global ocean. Ecol Indic 14:152–163. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.07.010
Ramanathan V (1981) The role of ocean-atmosphere interactions in the
CO 2 climate problem. J Atmos Sci 38:918–930
Rao DVS, Quilliam MA, Pocklington R (1988) Domoic acid – a neurotoxic amino acid produced by the marine diatom Nitzschia pungens in culture. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 45:2076–2079. https://doi.
org/10.1139/f88-241
Redfield AC (1958) The biological control of chemical factors in
the environment. Am Sci 46:205–221. https://doi.org/10.5194/
bg-11-1599-2014
Reid PC, Lancelot C, Gieskes WWC et al (1990) Phytoplankton of the
North Sea and its dynamics: a review. Neth J Sea Res 26:295–331.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(90)90094-W
Reid PC, Colebrook JM, Matthews JBL et al (2003) The continuous
plankton recorder: concepts and history, from plankton Indicator
to undulating recorders. Prog Oceanogr 58:117–173. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.pocean.2003.08.002
Rhein M, Rintoul SR, Aoki S et al (2013) Observations: ocean. In:
Stocker TF, Qin D, Plattner G-K et al (eds) Climate change 2013:
the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the
Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York
Roy S, Llewellyn CA, Egeland ES et al (2011) Phytoplankton pigments: characterization, chemotaxonomy and applications in oceanography. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Sarmiento JL, Hughes TMC, Stouffer RJ et al (1998) Simulated
response of the ocean carbon cycle to anthropogenic climate warming. Nature 393:245–249. https://doi.org/10.1038/30455
Schlüter MH, Kraberg A, Wiltshire KH (2012) Long-term changes in
the seasonality of selected diatoms related to grazers and environmental conditions. J Sea Res 67:91–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
seares.2011.11.001
Seoane S, Riobó P, Franco J (2017) Haemolytic activity in different
species of the genus Prymnesium (Haptophyta). J Mar Biol Assoc
UK 97:491–496. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315416001077
Shen Y, Benner R (2018) Mixing it up in the ocean carbon cycle and
the removal of refractory dissolved organic carbon. Sci Rep 8:2542.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20857-5
Shi D, Xu Y, Hopkinson BM et al (2010) Effect of ocean acidification
on iron availability to marine phytoplankton. Science 327:676–679.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1183517
Sieburth JM, Smetacek V, Lenz J (1978) Pelagic ecosystem structure:
heterotrophic compartments of the plankton and their relationship
to plankton size fractions. Limnol Oceanogr 23:1256–1263. https://
doi.org/10.4319/lo.1978.23.6.1256
Silver MW, Bargu S, Coale SL et al (2010) Toxic diatoms and domoic
acid in natural and iron enriched waters of the oceanic Pacific. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:20762–20767. https://doi.org/10.1073/
pnas.1006968107
Smith VH (2006) Responses of estuarine and coastal marine phytoplankton to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment. Limnol Oceanogr
51:377–384. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0377
Stefels J, Steinke M, Turner S et al (2007) Environmental constraints on the production and removal of the climatically
active gas dimethylsulphide (DMS) and implications for ecosystem modelling. Biogeochemistry 83:245–275. https://doi.
org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6214-8_18
Sukhanova IN, Flint MV, Pautova LA et al (2009) Phytoplankton of
the western Arctic in the spring and summer of 2002: structure
and seasonal changes. Deep Res Pt II 56:1223–1236. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.030
Sundh I (1992) Biochemical composition of dissolved organic carbon
derived from phytoplankton and used by heterotrophic bacteria.
Appl Environ Microbiol 58:2938–2947
Swart S, Thomalla SJ, Monteiro PMS (2015) The seasonal cycle of
mixed layer dynamics and phytoplankton biomass in the SubAntarctic Zone: a high-resolution glider experiment. J Mar Syst
147:103–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.06.002
Taylor FJR, Hoppenrath M, Saldarriaga JF (2008) Dinoflagellate diversity and distribution. Biodivers Conserv 17:407–418. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s10531-007-9258-3
Thackeray SJ (2012) Mismatch revisited: what is trophic mismatching
from the perspective of the plankton? J Plankton Res 34:1001–1010.
https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbs066
Thompson PA, Levasseur ME, Harrison PJ (1989) Light-limited growth
on ammonium vs. nitrate: what is the advantage for marine phytoplankton? Limnol Oceanogr 34:1014–1024. https://doi.org/10.4319/
lo.1989.34.6.1014
L. Käse and J. K. Geuer