153
Cheilostomata) from an Arctic seamount in the Central Greenland
Sea. Mar Biodivers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0645-z
Mecklenburg CW, Møller PR, Steinke D (2011) Biodiversity of arctic marine fishes: taxonomy and zoogeography. Mar Biodivers
41:109–140
Moore SE (2008) Marine mammals as ecosystem sentinels. J Mammal
89:534–540
Mueter FJ, Litzow MA (2008) Sea ice retreat alters the biogeography of
the Bering Sea continental shelf. Ecol Appl 18:309–320
Nielsen TG, Kjellerup S, Smolina I et al (2014) Live discrimination of
Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus females: can we trust phenological differences? Mar Biol 161:1299–1306
Nielsen J, Hedeholm RB, Heinemeier J (2016) Eye lens radiocarbon
reveals centuries of longevity in the Greenland shark (Somniosus
microcephalus). Science 353:702–704
Østbye K, Amundsen P, Bernatchez L et al (2006) Parallel evolution
of ecomorphological traits in the European whitefish Coregonus
lavaretus (L.) species complex during postglacial times. Mol Ecol
15:3983–4001
Parent GJ, Plourde S, Turgeon J (2012) Natural hybridization between
Calanus finmarchicus and C. glzcialis (Copepoda) in the Arctic and
Northwest Atlantic. Limnol Oceanogr 57:1057–1066
Petersen GH, Curtis MA (1980) Differences in energy flow through
major components of subarctic, temperate and tropical marine shelf
ecosystems. Dana 1:53–64
Piatt JF, Kitaysky AS (2002) Tufted puffin: Fratercula cirrata. In: Poole
A (ed) The birds of North America online, Cornell Laboratory of
Ornithology, Ithaca. Available online at: http://bna.birds.cornell.
edu/bna/species/708
Piepenburg D, Archambault P, Ambrose WG Jr (2011) Towards a panArctic inventory of the species diversity of the macro- and megabenthic fauna of the Arctic shelf seas. Mar Biodivers 41:51–70
Pilgrim BL, Perry RC, Barron JL et al (2012) Nucleotide variation
in the mitochondrial genome provides evidence for dual routes
of postglacial recolonization and genetic recombination in the
northeastern brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Gen Mol Res
11:3466–3481
Piraino S, Bluhm BA, Gradinger R et al (2008) Sympagohydra tuuli
gen. nov. and sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) a cool hydroid from the
Arctic Sea ice. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 88:1637–1641
Polyakov IV, Alexeev VA, Ashik IM et al (2011) Fate of early 2000s
Arctic warm water pulse. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 92:561–566
Renaud PE, Morata N, Carroll ML et al (2008) Pelagic-benthic coupling in the western Barents Sea: processes and time scales. Deep
Sea Res 2(55):2372–2380
Robison BH (1995) Light in the ocean’s midwaters. Sci Am 273:60–64
Ronowicz M, Kukliński P, Mapstone GM (2015) Trends in the diversity,
distribution and life history strategy of Arctic Hydrozoa (Cnidaria).
PLoS One 10:e0120204
Ryberg M (2015) Molecular operational taxonomic units as approximations of species in the light of evolutionary models and empirical
data from Fungi. Mol Ecol 24:5770–5777
Sakshaug E (2004) Primary and secondary production in the Arctic
Seas. In: Stein R, MacDonald R (eds) The organic carbon cycle in
the Arctic Ocean. Springer, Berlin, pp 57–82
Schuchert P (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae
(Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Rev Suisse Zool 114:195–396
Sigsgaard EE, Nielsen IB, Bach SS et al (2016) Population characteristics of a large whale shark aggregation inferred from seawater
environmental DNA. Nat Ecol Evol 1:0004. https://doi.org/10.1038/
s41559-016-0004
Sogin ML, Morrison HG, Huber JA et al (2006) Microbial diversity
in the deep sea and the underexplored “rare biosphere”. Proc Natl
Acad Sci U S A 103:12115–12120
Song X, Gravili C, Wang J et al (2016) A new deep-sea hydroid
(Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea Basin reveals high
genetic relevance to Arctic and adjacent shallow-water species. Pol
Biol 39:461–471
Søreide J, Falk-Petersen S, Hegseth EN et al (2008) Saesonal feeding
startegies of Calanus in the high-Arctic Svalbard region. Deep Sea
Res Part 2 55:2225–2244
Søreide J, Leu E, Berge J et al (2010) Timing of blooms, algal food
quality and Calanus glacialis reproduction and growth in a changing Arctic. Glob Chang Biol 16:3154–3163
Thomsen PF, Willerslev E (2015) Environmental DNA – an emerging
tool in conservation for monitoring past and present biodiversity.
Biol Conserv 183:4–18
Unstad KM, Tande KS (1991) Depth distribution of Calanus finmarchicus and C. glacialis in relation to environmental conditions in the
Barents Sea. Polar Res 10:409–420
Vader A, Marquardt M, Meshram AR et al (2015) Key Arctic phototrophs are widespread in the polar night. Polar Biol 38:13–21
Wassmann P, Duarte CM, Agusti S et al (2011) Footprints of climate change in the Arctic marine ecosystem. Glob Chang Biol
17:1235–1249
Wei CK, Rowe GT, Escobar-Briones E et al (2010) Global patterns and
predictions of seafloor biomass using random forests. PLoS One
5(12):e15323. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015323
Wesławski JM, Wiktor J Jr, Kotwicki L (2010) Increase in biodiversity
in the arctic rocky littoral, Sorkappland, Svalbard, after 20 years of
climate warming. Mar Biodivers 40:123–130
Weydmann A, Carstensen J, Goszczko I et al (2014) Shift towards the
dominance of boreal species in the Arctic: inter-annual and spatial
zooplankton variability in the West Spitsbergen current. Mar Ecol
Prog Ser 501:41–52
Weydmann A, Przyłucka A, Lubośny M et al (2017) Postglacial
expansion of the Arctic keystone copepod Calanus glacialis. Mar
Biodivers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0774-4
Wojczulanis-Jakubas K, Jakubas D, Stempniewicz L (2013) Alczyk –
sztandarowy gatunek Arktyki. Kosmos 62:401–407
Wooley JC, Godzik A, Friedberg I (2010) A primer on metagenomics.
PLoS One 6(2):e1000667
Zenkevitch L (1963) Biology of the seas of the U.S.S.R. George Allen
& Unwin Ltd, London
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give
appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link
to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this chapter are included
in the chapter’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise
in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter’s
Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by
statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to
obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
Arctic Ocean Biodiversity and DNA Barcoding – A Climate Change Perspective
Cheilostomata) from an Arctic seamount in the Central Greenland
Sea. Mar Biodivers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0645-z
Mecklenburg CW, Møller PR, Steinke D (2011) Biodiversity of arctic marine fishes: taxonomy and zoogeography. Mar Biodivers
41:109–140
Moore SE (2008) Marine mammals as ecosystem sentinels. J Mammal
89:534–540
Mueter FJ, Litzow MA (2008) Sea ice retreat alters the biogeography of
the Bering Sea continental shelf. Ecol Appl 18:309–320
Nielsen TG, Kjellerup S, Smolina I et al (2014) Live discrimination of
Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus females: can we trust phenological differences? Mar Biol 161:1299–1306
Nielsen J, Hedeholm RB, Heinemeier J (2016) Eye lens radiocarbon
reveals centuries of longevity in the Greenland shark (Somniosus
microcephalus). Science 353:702–704
Østbye K, Amundsen P, Bernatchez L et al (2006) Parallel evolution
of ecomorphological traits in the European whitefish Coregonus
lavaretus (L.) species complex during postglacial times. Mol Ecol
15:3983–4001
Parent GJ, Plourde S, Turgeon J (2012) Natural hybridization between
Calanus finmarchicus and C. glzcialis (Copepoda) in the Arctic and
Northwest Atlantic. Limnol Oceanogr 57:1057–1066
Petersen GH, Curtis MA (1980) Differences in energy flow through
major components of subarctic, temperate and tropical marine shelf
ecosystems. Dana 1:53–64
Piatt JF, Kitaysky AS (2002) Tufted puffin: Fratercula cirrata. In: Poole
A (ed) The birds of North America online, Cornell Laboratory of
Ornithology, Ithaca. Available online at: http://bna.birds.cornell.
edu/bna/species/708
Piepenburg D, Archambault P, Ambrose WG Jr (2011) Towards a panArctic inventory of the species diversity of the macro- and megabenthic fauna of the Arctic shelf seas. Mar Biodivers 41:51–70
Pilgrim BL, Perry RC, Barron JL et al (2012) Nucleotide variation
in the mitochondrial genome provides evidence for dual routes
of postglacial recolonization and genetic recombination in the
northeastern brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Gen Mol Res
11:3466–3481
Piraino S, Bluhm BA, Gradinger R et al (2008) Sympagohydra tuuli
gen. nov. and sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) a cool hydroid from the
Arctic Sea ice. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 88:1637–1641
Polyakov IV, Alexeev VA, Ashik IM et al (2011) Fate of early 2000s
Arctic warm water pulse. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 92:561–566
Renaud PE, Morata N, Carroll ML et al (2008) Pelagic-benthic coupling in the western Barents Sea: processes and time scales. Deep
Sea Res 2(55):2372–2380
Robison BH (1995) Light in the ocean’s midwaters. Sci Am 273:60–64
Ronowicz M, Kukliński P, Mapstone GM (2015) Trends in the diversity,
distribution and life history strategy of Arctic Hydrozoa (Cnidaria).
PLoS One 10:e0120204
Ryberg M (2015) Molecular operational taxonomic units as approximations of species in the light of evolutionary models and empirical
data from Fungi. Mol Ecol 24:5770–5777
Sakshaug E (2004) Primary and secondary production in the Arctic
Seas. In: Stein R, MacDonald R (eds) The organic carbon cycle in
the Arctic Ocean. Springer, Berlin, pp 57–82
Schuchert P (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae
(Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Rev Suisse Zool 114:195–396
Sigsgaard EE, Nielsen IB, Bach SS et al (2016) Population characteristics of a large whale shark aggregation inferred from seawater
environmental DNA. Nat Ecol Evol 1:0004. https://doi.org/10.1038/
s41559-016-0004
Sogin ML, Morrison HG, Huber JA et al (2006) Microbial diversity
in the deep sea and the underexplored “rare biosphere”. Proc Natl
Acad Sci U S A 103:12115–12120
Song X, Gravili C, Wang J et al (2016) A new deep-sea hydroid
(Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea Basin reveals high
genetic relevance to Arctic and adjacent shallow-water species. Pol
Biol 39:461–471
Søreide J, Falk-Petersen S, Hegseth EN et al (2008) Saesonal feeding
startegies of Calanus in the high-Arctic Svalbard region. Deep Sea
Res Part 2 55:2225–2244
Søreide J, Leu E, Berge J et al (2010) Timing of blooms, algal food
quality and Calanus glacialis reproduction and growth in a changing Arctic. Glob Chang Biol 16:3154–3163
Thomsen PF, Willerslev E (2015) Environmental DNA – an emerging
tool in conservation for monitoring past and present biodiversity.
Biol Conserv 183:4–18
Unstad KM, Tande KS (1991) Depth distribution of Calanus finmarchicus and C. glacialis in relation to environmental conditions in the
Barents Sea. Polar Res 10:409–420
Vader A, Marquardt M, Meshram AR et al (2015) Key Arctic phototrophs are widespread in the polar night. Polar Biol 38:13–21
Wassmann P, Duarte CM, Agusti S et al (2011) Footprints of climate change in the Arctic marine ecosystem. Glob Chang Biol
17:1235–1249
Wei CK, Rowe GT, Escobar-Briones E et al (2010) Global patterns and
predictions of seafloor biomass using random forests. PLoS One
5(12):e15323. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015323
Wesławski JM, Wiktor J Jr, Kotwicki L (2010) Increase in biodiversity
in the arctic rocky littoral, Sorkappland, Svalbard, after 20 years of
climate warming. Mar Biodivers 40:123–130
Weydmann A, Carstensen J, Goszczko I et al (2014) Shift towards the
dominance of boreal species in the Arctic: inter-annual and spatial
zooplankton variability in the West Spitsbergen current. Mar Ecol
Prog Ser 501:41–52
Weydmann A, Przyłucka A, Lubośny M et al (2017) Postglacial
expansion of the Arctic keystone copepod Calanus glacialis. Mar
Biodivers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0774-4
Wojczulanis-Jakubas K, Jakubas D, Stempniewicz L (2013) Alczyk –
sztandarowy gatunek Arktyki. Kosmos 62:401–407
Wooley JC, Godzik A, Friedberg I (2010) A primer on metagenomics.
PLoS One 6(2):e1000667
Zenkevitch L (1963) Biology of the seas of the U.S.S.R. George Allen
& Unwin Ltd, London
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give
appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link
to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this chapter are included
in the chapter’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise
in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter’s
Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by
statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to
obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
Arctic Ocean Biodiversity and DNA Barcoding – A Climate Change Perspective