140
Christensen B (1978) Biomass and primary production of Rhizophora
apiculata Bl. in a mangrove in southern Thailand. Aquat Bot 4:43–
52. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(78)90005-0
Cocheret de la Morinière E, BJA P, Nagelkerken I et al (2002) Postsettlement life cycle migration patterns and habitat preference of
coral reef fish that use seagrass and mangrove habitats as nurseries. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 55:309–321. https://doi.org/10.1006/
ecss.2001.0907
Cohen A, Holcomb M (2009) Why corals care about ocean acidification: uncovering the mechanism. Oceanography 22:118–127.
https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2009.102
Connell JH (1997) Disturbance and recovery of coral assemblages.
Coral Reefs 16:S101–S113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003380050246
Costanza R, Arge R, de Groot R et al (1997) The value of the world’s
ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387:253–260. https://
doi.org/10.1038/387253a0
Costanza R, de Groot R, Sutton P et al (2014) Changes in the global
value of ecosystem services. Glob Environ Chang 26:152–158.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.04.002
Cotner JB, Suplee MW, Chen NW et al (2004) Nutrient, sulfur and
carbon dynamics in a hypersaline lagoon. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci
59:639–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2003.11.008
Cowen RK, Paris CB, Srinivasan A (2006) Scaling of connectivity in
marine populations. Science 311:522–527. https://doi.org/10.1126/
science.1122039
D’Angelo C, Wiedenmann J (2014) Impacts of nutrient enrichment on
coral reefs: new perspectives and implications for coastal management and reef survival. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 7:82–93. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.11.029
Dawson SP, Dennison WC (1996) Effects of ultraviolet and photosynthetically active radiation on five seagrass species. Mar Biol
125:629–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00349244
De’ath G, Fabricius KE, Sweatman H et al (2012) The 27-year decline
of coral cover on the Great Barrier Reef and its causes. Proc
Natl Acad Sci USA 109:17995–17999. https://doi.org/10.1073/
pnas.1208909109
Deegan LA (1993) Nutrient and energy transport between estuaries and
coastal marine ecosystems by fish migration. Can J Fish Aquat Sci
50:74–79. https://doi.org/10.1139/f93-009
DeSalvo MK, Sunagawa S, Fisher PL et al (2010) Coral host transcriptomic states are correlated with Symbiodinium genotypes. Mol Ecol
19:1174–1186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04534.x
Díaz-Almela E, Marbà N, Álvarez E et al (2008) Benthic input
rates predict seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) fish farm-induced
decline. Mar Pollut Bull 56:1332–1342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpolbul.2008.03.022
Dineshram R, Thiyagarajan V, Lane A et al (2013) Elevated CO 2 alters
larval proteome and its phosphorylation status in the commercial
oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis. Mar Biol 160:2189–2205.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-013-2176-x
Dittmar T, Hertkorn N, Kattner G et al (2006) Mangroves, a major
source of dissolved organic carbon to the oceans. Glob Biogeochem
Cycles 20:GB1012. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002570
Donato DC, Kauffman JB, Murdiyarso D et al (2011) Mangroves
among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics. Nat Geosci
4:293–297. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1123
Dorenbosch M, Grol MGG, Christianen MJA et al (2005) Indo-Pacific
seagrass beds and mangroves contribute to fish density and diversity
on adjacent coral reefs. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 302:63–76. https://doi.
org/10.3354/meps302063
Dorenbosch M, Grol MGG, Nagelkerken I et al (2006) Seagrass beds
and mangroves as potential nurseries for the threatened Indo-Pacific
humphead wrasse, Cheilinus undulatus and Caribbean rainbow parrotfish, Scarus guacamaia. Biol Conserv 129:277–282. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.10.032
Douglas AE (2001) The productivity of corals. Encyclopedia of life
support systems 2. Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO,
Eolss Publishers, Paris, France, [http://www.eolss.net]
Duarte CM, Krause-Jensen D (2017) Export from seagrass meadows
contributes to marine carbon sequestration. Front Mar Sci 4:13.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00013
Duarte CM, Borum J, Short FT et al (2008) Seagrass ecosystem:
their global status and prospects. In: NVC P (ed) Aquatic ecosystems: trend and global prospects. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, pp 281–294
Duda AM, Sherman K (2002) A new imperative for improving management of large marine ecosystems. Ocean Coast Manag 45:797–833.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-5691(02)00107-2
Duke NC, Meynecke J-O, Dittmann S et al (2007) A world without mangroves? Science 317:41b–42b. https://doi.org/10.1126/
science.317.5834.41b
Dupont S, Ortega-Martínez O, Thorndyke M (2010) Impact of
near-future ocean acidification on echinoderms. Ecotoxicology
19:449–462
Durako MJ, Kunzelman JI (2002) Photosynthetic characteristics
of Thalassia testudinum measured in situ by pulse-amplitude
modulated (PAM) fluorometry: methodological and scale-based
considerations. Aquat Bot 73:173–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0304-3770(02)00020-7
Eggertsen L, Ferreira CEL, Fontoura L et al (2017) Seaweed beds support more juvenile reef fish than seagrass beds in a south-western
Atlantic tropical seascape. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 196:97–108.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.06.041
Ellison J (1994) Climate change and sea level rise impacts on mangrove
ecosystems. In: Pernetta J, Leemans R, Elder D et al (eds) Impacts of
climate change on ecosystems and species. IUCN, Gland, pp 11–30
Ewel KC, Twilley RR, Ong JE (1998) Different kinds of mangrove forests provide different goods and services. Glob Ecol Biogeogr Lett
7:83–94. https://doi.org/10.2307/2997700
Fabricius KE (2005) Effects of terrestrial runoff on the ecology of corals and coral reefs: review and synthesis. Mar Pollut Bull 50:125–
146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.11.028
Fabricius KE, Okaji K, De’ath G (2010) Three lines of evidence to link
outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns seastar Acanthaster planci to the
release of larval food limitation. Coral Reefs 29:593–605. https://
doi.org/10.1007/s00338-010-0628-z
Fabricius KE, Langdon C, Uthicke S et al (2011) Losers and winners in
coral reefs acclimatized to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations.
Nat Clim Chang 1:165–169. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1122
Fabry VJ, Seibel BA, Feely RA et al (2008) Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes. ICES J Mar Sci
65:414–432
Falkenberg LJ, Russell BD, Connell SD (2013) Future herbivory: the
indirect effects of enriched CO 2 may rival its direct effects. Mar
Ecol Prog Ser 492:85–95. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10491
FAO (2016a) World fertilizer trends and outlook to 2019. FAO, Rome
FAO (2016b) The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. Contributing
to food security and nutrition for all. FAO, Rome
Findlay HS, Kendall MA, Spicer JI et al (2010) Post-larval development of two intertidal barnacles at elevated CO 2 and temperature.
Mar Biol 157:725–735. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1356-1
Flindt MR, Pardal MÂ, Lillebø AI et al (1999) Nutrient cycling and
plant dynamics in estuaries : a brief review. Acta Oecol 20:237–248
Frankignoulle M, Distèche A (1984) CO 2 chemistry in the water column above a Posidonia seagrass bed and related air-sea exchanges.
Oceanol Acta 7:209–219
Franklin HB (2007) The most important fish in the sea: menhaden and
America. Island Press, Washington, DC
Friess DA, Krauss KW, Horstman EM et al (2012) Are all intertidal
wetlands naturally created equal? Bottlenecks, thresholds and
H. S. Earp et al.
Christensen B (1978) Biomass and primary production of Rhizophora
apiculata Bl. in a mangrove in southern Thailand. Aquat Bot 4:43–
52. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(78)90005-0
Cocheret de la Morinière E, BJA P, Nagelkerken I et al (2002) Postsettlement life cycle migration patterns and habitat preference of
coral reef fish that use seagrass and mangrove habitats as nurseries. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 55:309–321. https://doi.org/10.1006/
ecss.2001.0907
Cohen A, Holcomb M (2009) Why corals care about ocean acidification: uncovering the mechanism. Oceanography 22:118–127.
https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2009.102
Connell JH (1997) Disturbance and recovery of coral assemblages.
Coral Reefs 16:S101–S113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003380050246
Costanza R, Arge R, de Groot R et al (1997) The value of the world’s
ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387:253–260. https://
doi.org/10.1038/387253a0
Costanza R, de Groot R, Sutton P et al (2014) Changes in the global
value of ecosystem services. Glob Environ Chang 26:152–158.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.04.002
Cotner JB, Suplee MW, Chen NW et al (2004) Nutrient, sulfur and
carbon dynamics in a hypersaline lagoon. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci
59:639–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2003.11.008
Cowen RK, Paris CB, Srinivasan A (2006) Scaling of connectivity in
marine populations. Science 311:522–527. https://doi.org/10.1126/
science.1122039
D’Angelo C, Wiedenmann J (2014) Impacts of nutrient enrichment on
coral reefs: new perspectives and implications for coastal management and reef survival. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 7:82–93. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.11.029
Dawson SP, Dennison WC (1996) Effects of ultraviolet and photosynthetically active radiation on five seagrass species. Mar Biol
125:629–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00349244
De’ath G, Fabricius KE, Sweatman H et al (2012) The 27-year decline
of coral cover on the Great Barrier Reef and its causes. Proc
Natl Acad Sci USA 109:17995–17999. https://doi.org/10.1073/
pnas.1208909109
Deegan LA (1993) Nutrient and energy transport between estuaries and
coastal marine ecosystems by fish migration. Can J Fish Aquat Sci
50:74–79. https://doi.org/10.1139/f93-009
DeSalvo MK, Sunagawa S, Fisher PL et al (2010) Coral host transcriptomic states are correlated with Symbiodinium genotypes. Mol Ecol
19:1174–1186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04534.x
Díaz-Almela E, Marbà N, Álvarez E et al (2008) Benthic input
rates predict seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) fish farm-induced
decline. Mar Pollut Bull 56:1332–1342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
marpolbul.2008.03.022
Dineshram R, Thiyagarajan V, Lane A et al (2013) Elevated CO 2 alters
larval proteome and its phosphorylation status in the commercial
oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis. Mar Biol 160:2189–2205.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-013-2176-x
Dittmar T, Hertkorn N, Kattner G et al (2006) Mangroves, a major
source of dissolved organic carbon to the oceans. Glob Biogeochem
Cycles 20:GB1012. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002570
Donato DC, Kauffman JB, Murdiyarso D et al (2011) Mangroves
among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics. Nat Geosci
4:293–297. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1123
Dorenbosch M, Grol MGG, Christianen MJA et al (2005) Indo-Pacific
seagrass beds and mangroves contribute to fish density and diversity
on adjacent coral reefs. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 302:63–76. https://doi.
org/10.3354/meps302063
Dorenbosch M, Grol MGG, Nagelkerken I et al (2006) Seagrass beds
and mangroves as potential nurseries for the threatened Indo-Pacific
humphead wrasse, Cheilinus undulatus and Caribbean rainbow parrotfish, Scarus guacamaia. Biol Conserv 129:277–282. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.10.032
Douglas AE (2001) The productivity of corals. Encyclopedia of life
support systems 2. Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO,
Eolss Publishers, Paris, France, [http://www.eolss.net]
Duarte CM, Krause-Jensen D (2017) Export from seagrass meadows
contributes to marine carbon sequestration. Front Mar Sci 4:13.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00013
Duarte CM, Borum J, Short FT et al (2008) Seagrass ecosystem:
their global status and prospects. In: NVC P (ed) Aquatic ecosystems: trend and global prospects. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, pp 281–294
Duda AM, Sherman K (2002) A new imperative for improving management of large marine ecosystems. Ocean Coast Manag 45:797–833.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-5691(02)00107-2
Duke NC, Meynecke J-O, Dittmann S et al (2007) A world without mangroves? Science 317:41b–42b. https://doi.org/10.1126/
science.317.5834.41b
Dupont S, Ortega-Martínez O, Thorndyke M (2010) Impact of
near-future ocean acidification on echinoderms. Ecotoxicology
19:449–462
Durako MJ, Kunzelman JI (2002) Photosynthetic characteristics
of Thalassia testudinum measured in situ by pulse-amplitude
modulated (PAM) fluorometry: methodological and scale-based
considerations. Aquat Bot 73:173–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0304-3770(02)00020-7
Eggertsen L, Ferreira CEL, Fontoura L et al (2017) Seaweed beds support more juvenile reef fish than seagrass beds in a south-western
Atlantic tropical seascape. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 196:97–108.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.06.041
Ellison J (1994) Climate change and sea level rise impacts on mangrove
ecosystems. In: Pernetta J, Leemans R, Elder D et al (eds) Impacts of
climate change on ecosystems and species. IUCN, Gland, pp 11–30
Ewel KC, Twilley RR, Ong JE (1998) Different kinds of mangrove forests provide different goods and services. Glob Ecol Biogeogr Lett
7:83–94. https://doi.org/10.2307/2997700
Fabricius KE (2005) Effects of terrestrial runoff on the ecology of corals and coral reefs: review and synthesis. Mar Pollut Bull 50:125–
146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.11.028
Fabricius KE, Okaji K, De’ath G (2010) Three lines of evidence to link
outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns seastar Acanthaster planci to the
release of larval food limitation. Coral Reefs 29:593–605. https://
doi.org/10.1007/s00338-010-0628-z
Fabricius KE, Langdon C, Uthicke S et al (2011) Losers and winners in
coral reefs acclimatized to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations.
Nat Clim Chang 1:165–169. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1122
Fabry VJ, Seibel BA, Feely RA et al (2008) Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes. ICES J Mar Sci
65:414–432
Falkenberg LJ, Russell BD, Connell SD (2013) Future herbivory: the
indirect effects of enriched CO 2 may rival its direct effects. Mar
Ecol Prog Ser 492:85–95. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10491
FAO (2016a) World fertilizer trends and outlook to 2019. FAO, Rome
FAO (2016b) The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. Contributing
to food security and nutrition for all. FAO, Rome
Findlay HS, Kendall MA, Spicer JI et al (2010) Post-larval development of two intertidal barnacles at elevated CO 2 and temperature.
Mar Biol 157:725–735. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1356-1
Flindt MR, Pardal MÂ, Lillebø AI et al (1999) Nutrient cycling and
plant dynamics in estuaries : a brief review. Acta Oecol 20:237–248
Frankignoulle M, Distèche A (1984) CO 2 chemistry in the water column above a Posidonia seagrass bed and related air-sea exchanges.
Oceanol Acta 7:209–219
Franklin HB (2007) The most important fish in the sea: menhaden and
America. Island Press, Washington, DC
Friess DA, Krauss KW, Horstman EM et al (2012) Are all intertidal
wetlands naturally created equal? Bottlenecks, thresholds and
H. S. Earp et al.