194
Table 8.1 Summary of observed assessment -management interactions linked to environmental
problems and risks in the Baltic Sea
Environmental risk
case
State of incomplete
knowledge
Organisational
structures of
assessmentmanagement
interactions
Management of
uncertainty and
stakeholder (SH)
disagreements
Fisheries
Ambiguity/Uncertainty
Highly formalised
structures linked to
the EU’s CFP;
science-based with
formalised
stakeholder
consultation e.g.
via RACs
Different framings
and perceptions of
risk
(environmental vs.
socio-economic);
controversy
among SH on
dealing with
uncertainty (e.g. in
data, assessment
and interpretation)
Eutrophication
Uncertainty/Ambiguity
Strong/exclusive
role of science
advice
(co-production via
NEST-HELCOM);
limited stakeholder
involvement
Science-based
assessment;
diffuse or
instrumental
treatment of
uncertainty;
increasing
disagreements
among SH groups
Invasive alien
species
Ignorance
Rather
undeveloped; no
clearly identifi able
stakeholder groups
Science-based risk
assessment;
undeveloped
uncertainty
treatment; no
major controversy
Chemical pollution
Uncertainty/Ambiguity
Strict formal
demands on risk
assessments by
public bodies in
chemicals policy,
less so in
environmental
policy; limited
stakeholder
involvement
Science-based
assessment of
risks in some
contexts,
precautionary
approaches in
other; controversy
on how to cope
with deep-rooted
uncertainty; SH
confl icts but not
coordinated
Oil discharges
Risk
Focus on
surveillance and
monitoring (IMO
fl ag & port state
control)
Science-based
assessment of
risks; focus on
technical safety
analysis, control
& enforcement
S. Linke et al.
Table 8.1 Summary of observed assessment -management interactions linked to environmental
problems and risks in the Baltic Sea
Environmental risk
case
State of incomplete
knowledge
Organisational
structures of
assessmentmanagement
interactions
Management of
uncertainty and
stakeholder (SH)
disagreements
Fisheries
Ambiguity/Uncertainty
Highly formalised
structures linked to
the EU’s CFP;
science-based with
formalised
stakeholder
consultation e.g.
via RACs
Different framings
and perceptions of
risk
(environmental vs.
socio-economic);
controversy
among SH on
dealing with
uncertainty (e.g. in
data, assessment
and interpretation)
Eutrophication
Uncertainty/Ambiguity
Strong/exclusive
role of science
advice
(co-production via
NEST-HELCOM);
limited stakeholder
involvement
Science-based
assessment;
diffuse or
instrumental
treatment of
uncertainty;
increasing
disagreements
among SH groups
Invasive alien
species
Ignorance
Rather
undeveloped; no
clearly identifi able
stakeholder groups
Science-based risk
assessment;
undeveloped
uncertainty
treatment; no
major controversy
Chemical pollution
Uncertainty/Ambiguity
Strict formal
demands on risk
assessments by
public bodies in
chemicals policy,
less so in
environmental
policy; limited
stakeholder
involvement
Science-based
assessment of
risks in some
contexts,
precautionary
approaches in
other; controversy
on how to cope
with deep-rooted
uncertainty; SH
confl icts but not
coordinated
Oil discharges
Risk
Focus on
surveillance and
monitoring (IMO
fl ag & port state
control)
Science-based
assessment of
risks; focus on
technical safety
analysis, control
& enforcement
S. Linke et al.