33
provide the information on the uncertainity or the spread of the local changes.
Finally, we are running the CTM CAMx coupled with the RegCM4 to assess the
impact of the changes on air-quality. The changes of emissions will be taken into
account as well. Moreover, CLMM model is used to get effects in street canyons.
We successfully implemented a single layer urban canopy parametrization into
the regional climate model RegCM4.2. Preliminary assessment is based on present
day conditions simulation for 5 year long period with and without urban canopy
parameterization included. Our simulations have shown that the impact on meteorological parameters is significant not only over urbanized areas but also over rural
ones far from cities. The most important impact is the increase of surface temperature (up to 1 K), decrease of humidity, increase of surface wind speed, decrease of
precipitation (not shown here) and increase of boundary layer height.
References
Giorgi, F., Coppola, E., Solmon, F., Mariotti, L., Sylla, M., Bi, X., Elguindi, N.,
Diro, G. T., Nair, V., Giuliani, G., Cozzini, S., Guettler, I., O’Brien, T. A., Tawfik,
A., Shalaby, A., Zakey, A., Steiner, A., Stordal, F., Sloan, L., & Brankovic, C.
(2012). RegCM4: Model description and preliminary tests over multiple
CORDEX domains. Climate Research, 52, 7–29.
GLC. (2000). Global Land Cover 2000 database. European Commission, Joint
Research Centre, 2003. http://bioval.jrc.ec.europa.eu/products/glc2000/glc2000.
php
Grell, G. (1993). Prognostic evaluation of assumptions used by cumulus parameterizations. Monthly Weather Review, 121, 764–787.
Gurjar, B. R., Jain, A., Sharma, A., Agarwal, A., Gupta, P., Nagpure, A. S., &
Lelieveld, J. (2010). Human health risks in megacities due to air pollution.
Atmospheric Environment, 44, 4606–4613.
Kusaka, H., Kondo, H., Kikegawa, Y., & Kimura, F. (2001). A simple single-layer
urban canopy model for atmospheric models: Comparison with multi-layer and
slab models. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 101, 329–358.
Kusaka, H., & Kimura, F. (2004). Coupling a single-layer urban canopy model with
a simple atmospheric model: Impact on urban heat island simulation for an idealized case. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan,, 82, 67–80.
Lee, S.-H., Kim, S.-W., Angevine, W. M., Bianco, L., McKeen, S. A., Senff, C. J.,
Trainer, M.S., Tucker, C., & Zamora, R. J. (2010). Evaluation of urban surface
parameterizations in the WRF model using measurements during the Texas Air
Quality Study 2006 field campaign. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Discussions, 10, 25033–25080.
Oke, T. R. (1973). City size and the urban heat island. Atmospheric Environment
(1967), 7(8),769–779.
Pal, J. S., Giorgi, F., Bi, X., Elguindi, N., Solomon, F., Gao, X., Francisco, R.,
Zakey, A., Winter, J., Ashfaq, M., Syed, F., Bell, J. L., Diffenbaugh, N. S.,
1 Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change
provide the information on the uncertainity or the spread of the local changes.
Finally, we are running the CTM CAMx coupled with the RegCM4 to assess the
impact of the changes on air-quality. The changes of emissions will be taken into
account as well. Moreover, CLMM model is used to get effects in street canyons.
We successfully implemented a single layer urban canopy parametrization into
the regional climate model RegCM4.2. Preliminary assessment is based on present
day conditions simulation for 5 year long period with and without urban canopy
parameterization included. Our simulations have shown that the impact on meteorological parameters is significant not only over urbanized areas but also over rural
ones far from cities. The most important impact is the increase of surface temperature (up to 1 K), decrease of humidity, increase of surface wind speed, decrease of
precipitation (not shown here) and increase of boundary layer height.
References
Giorgi, F., Coppola, E., Solmon, F., Mariotti, L., Sylla, M., Bi, X., Elguindi, N.,
Diro, G. T., Nair, V., Giuliani, G., Cozzini, S., Guettler, I., O’Brien, T. A., Tawfik,
A., Shalaby, A., Zakey, A., Steiner, A., Stordal, F., Sloan, L., & Brankovic, C.
(2012). RegCM4: Model description and preliminary tests over multiple
CORDEX domains. Climate Research, 52, 7–29.
GLC. (2000). Global Land Cover 2000 database. European Commission, Joint
Research Centre, 2003. http://bioval.jrc.ec.europa.eu/products/glc2000/glc2000.
php
Grell, G. (1993). Prognostic evaluation of assumptions used by cumulus parameterizations. Monthly Weather Review, 121, 764–787.
Gurjar, B. R., Jain, A., Sharma, A., Agarwal, A., Gupta, P., Nagpure, A. S., &
Lelieveld, J. (2010). Human health risks in megacities due to air pollution.
Atmospheric Environment, 44, 4606–4613.
Kusaka, H., Kondo, H., Kikegawa, Y., & Kimura, F. (2001). A simple single-layer
urban canopy model for atmospheric models: Comparison with multi-layer and
slab models. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 101, 329–358.
Kusaka, H., & Kimura, F. (2004). Coupling a single-layer urban canopy model with
a simple atmospheric model: Impact on urban heat island simulation for an idealized case. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan,, 82, 67–80.
Lee, S.-H., Kim, S.-W., Angevine, W. M., Bianco, L., McKeen, S. A., Senff, C. J.,
Trainer, M.S., Tucker, C., & Zamora, R. J. (2010). Evaluation of urban surface
parameterizations in the WRF model using measurements during the Texas Air
Quality Study 2006 field campaign. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Discussions, 10, 25033–25080.
Oke, T. R. (1973). City size and the urban heat island. Atmospheric Environment
(1967), 7(8),769–779.
Pal, J. S., Giorgi, F., Bi, X., Elguindi, N., Solomon, F., Gao, X., Francisco, R.,
Zakey, A., Winter, J., Ashfaq, M., Syed, F., Bell, J. L., Diffenbaugh, N. S.,
1 Forecasting Models for Urban Warming in Climate Change