12
MOLECULAR REPRESENTATIONS AND NOMENCLATURE
O
NHMe
Cl
2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-methylaminocyclohexanone
(ketamine)
ketamine
• main chain is cyclohexane (C 6 )
• put in substituents
1
2
3
4
5
6
• main functional group
2
3
4
5
6
O
Cl
phenyl 2-chlorophenyl
1
2
3
4
5
6
3
4
5
6
O
MeHN
H 2 N
methylamino aminomethyl
NHMe
Cl
1
1 2
2-methylamino = 2-amino
carrying a methyl (contrast
aminomethyl = methyl carrying
an amino)
2-(2-chlorophenyl) =
2-chlorophenyl at position 2;
the phenyl carries a chloro substituent
at its own position 2;
note the use of brackets to separate
the two types of numbering
is a ketone (-one)
this will be carbon-1
number it
5-methyl-2-(2-propyl)-cyclohexanol (menthol)
• main chain is cyclohexane (C 6 )
number it
1
2
3
4
5
6
• main functional group
is an alcohol (-ol)
this will be carbon-1
2
3
4
5
6
OH
1
OH
• put in substituents
5-methyl
2-(2-propyl) = 2-propyl at position 2;
2-propyl is a propyl group
joined via its 2-position
2
3
4
5
6
OH
propyl
2-propyl
1
menthol
1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylaminoethanol
(adrenaline; epinephrine)
NHMe
OH
• main chain is ethane (C 2 )
number it
• put in substituents
1
2
• main functional group is an alcohol (-ol)
this will be carbon-1
phenyl
3,4-dihydroxyphenyl
1
2
3
4
5
6
MeHN
methylamino
1
2
OH
OH
OH
1
2
OH
HO
HO
HO
HO
NHMe
adrenaline
2-methylamino = 2-amino carrying a methyl
1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) = 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl at
position 1;
the phenyl carries hydroxy substituents at its own
positions 3 and 4;
note the use of brackets to separate the two types
of numbering