6
MOLECULAR REPRESENTATIONS AND NOMENCLATURE
Table 1.1 (continued)
Functional group
Structure
Suffix
Prefix
Alcohol
primary alcohol
CH 2 OH
-ol
hydroxysecondary alcohol
CHOH
tertiary alcohol
C OH
phenol
Ar OH
Thiol (mercaptan)
SH
-thiol
mercaptoAmine
primary amine
NH 2
-amine
amino- (or aza-)
secondary amine
NH
NHR
tertiary amine
N
NR 2
Ether
O
OR
(ether)
-oxa- (or alkoxy-)
Sulfide (thioether)
S
SR
(sulfide)
alkylthio- (or thia-)
Alkene
C C
-ene
alkenylAlkyne
C C
-yne
alkynylHalides
X
(halide)
haloNitro
N
O
O
NO 2
nitroAlkanes
C C
-ane
alkyl1.4 Systematic nomenclature
Organic compounds are named according to the internationally accepted conventions of the International
Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
Since these conventions must cover all eventualities,
the documentation required spans a book of similar
size to this volume. A very much-abbreviated version
suitable for our requirements is given here:
• the functional group provides the suffix name;
• with two or more functional groups, the one with
the highest priority provides the suffix name;