Isoquinoline alkaloids
Medicinal uses
Dimethisoquin
Anaesthetic
Quinapril
Antihypertensive agent
2,2
0 -hexadecamethylenediisoquinolinium dichloride
Topical antifungal agent
Papaverine
Vasodilator
Morphine
Narcotic analgesic
N
O
N
Br
Dimethisoquin
N
MeO
MeO
OMe
OMe
Papaverine
N
N
+
+
2 Cl
−
2,2'-Hexadecamethylenediisoquinolinium dichloride
O
H
N
O
H
RO
Morphine R = H
Codeine R = OMe
N
O
N
H
O
O
H
O
O
. HCl
Quinapril hydrochloride
Papaverine Papaverine, molecular formula C 20 H 21 NO 4 , is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from poppy seeds (Papaver somniferum, family
Papaveraceae). This alkaloid is used mainly in the treatment of spasms
and of erectile dysfunction. It is also used as a cerebral and coronary
vasodilator. Papaverine may be used as a smooth muscle relaxant in
microsurgery. In pharmaceutical preparations, papaverine is used in its
salt form, e.g. hydrochloride, codecarboxylate, adenylate and teprosylate.
The usual side-effects of papaverine treatment include polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, constipation, increased transaminase levels, hyperbilirunemia and vertigo.
Morphine Morphine (C 17 H 19 NO 3 ), a habit forming Class A analgesic
drug, is the major bioactive constituent of opium poppy seeds. Like other
opium constituents (opiates), e.g. heroin, morphine acts directly on the CNS
to relieve pain. Morphine is used for the treatment of post-surgical pain and
chronic pain (e.g. cancer pain), and as an adjunct to general anaesthesia, and
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CH6 NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY