Degradation Efficacy of Pinus radiata Don Needle Leaf …
101
Jeffries TW (1994) Biodegradation of lignin and hemicelluloses. In: Ratledge C (ed) Biochemistry
of microbial degradation. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 233–277
Kelley J (1992) Upgrading of waste cereal straws. Outlook Agric 21:105–108
Krishna MP, Mohan M (2017) Litter decomposition in forest ecosystem. Rev Energy Ecol Environ
2:236–249
Kuhad RC, Singh A, Eriksson KE (1997) Microorganisms and enzymes involved in the degradation
of plant fiber cell walls. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol 57:45–125
Lodge DJ (1985) Preliminary estimates of fungal biomass and nutrient stores in the litter and soil
of a tropical rainforest. In: Agronomy abstracts, Soil Science Society of America, Chicago, pp
158–159
Martínez AT, Speranza M, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Ferreira P, Camarero S, Guillén F, Martínez MJ,
Gutiérrez A, del Río JC (2005) Biodegradation of lignocellulosics: microbial, chemical, and
enzymatic aspects of the fungal attack of lignin. Int Microbiol 8:195–204
Miura K, Kudo M (1970) An agar-medium for aquatic hypomycetes. Trans Mycol Soc Japan
11:116–118
Ohkuma M, Maeda Y, Johjima T, Kudo T (2001) Lignin degradation and roles of white rot
fungi: study on an efficient symbiotic system in fungus growing termites and its application
to bioremediation. Riken Rev Foe Econ Sci Res 42:39–42
Petterson RC (1984) The chemical composition of wood. In: Rowell RM (ed) The chemistry of
solid wood. Americal Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 57–126
Pinto PC, Evtuguin DV, Neto CP (2005) Structure of hardwood gucuronoxylans: modifications and
impact on pulp retention during wood kraft pulping. Carbohyd Polym 60:489–497
Baldrin P, Lindahi BD (2017) Decomposition in forest ecosystem: after decades of research still
novel findings. Fungal Ecol 4:359–361
Pirzo Koivksarri Mysore V, Tejesvi MT, Markkota A, Mykra H, Pirttila AM (2019) Fungi originating
from tree leaves contribute to fungal diversity of litter in streams. Front Microbiol. https://doi.
org/10.3389/fMicb2019.0065
Weng SS, Di Y, Lin X, Yang G (2020) Screening of cellulose degrading fungi in forest litter and
fungal effects on litter decomposition. Bio Res 15:2937–2946
Swift MJ, Heal OM, Anderson JM (1979) Decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. J Ecol 34:45–50
TAPPI Standard Methods T 222 OS 74 (2009) Fibrous materials and pulp testing. Technical
Association of Pulp and Paper Industry, Atlanta
Tuomela M, Vikman M, Hatakka A, Itavaara M (2000) Biodegradation of lignin in a compost
environment: a review. Biores Technol 72:169–183
Varnaite R (2001) Bioconversion of rye straw by micromycetes. Biologija 4:34–36
Vinod VPT, Sashidar RB (2010) Surface morphology, chemical assessment of gum Kondagogu.
Indian J Natural Prod Res 1(2)
Virzo De Santo A, Rutigliano FA, Berg B, Fioretto A, Fierro AR (1998) Nitrogen dynamics of
decomposing needle litters in three coniferous forests of the Mediterranean area. Fresen Environ
Bull 7:510–517
Watanabe T, Watanabe Y, Nakamura K (2003) Biodegradation of wood and dual cultures of selected
two fungi determined by chopstick method. J Biosci Bioeng 95:623–626
Willfor SA, Sundberg A, Pranovich A, Holmbom B (2005) Polysaccharides in some industrially
important hardwood species. Wood Sci Technol 39:601–617
101
Jeffries TW (1994) Biodegradation of lignin and hemicelluloses. In: Ratledge C (ed) Biochemistry
of microbial degradation. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 233–277
Kelley J (1992) Upgrading of waste cereal straws. Outlook Agric 21:105–108
Krishna MP, Mohan M (2017) Litter decomposition in forest ecosystem. Rev Energy Ecol Environ
2:236–249
Kuhad RC, Singh A, Eriksson KE (1997) Microorganisms and enzymes involved in the degradation
of plant fiber cell walls. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol 57:45–125
Lodge DJ (1985) Preliminary estimates of fungal biomass and nutrient stores in the litter and soil
of a tropical rainforest. In: Agronomy abstracts, Soil Science Society of America, Chicago, pp
158–159
Martínez AT, Speranza M, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Ferreira P, Camarero S, Guillén F, Martínez MJ,
Gutiérrez A, del Río JC (2005) Biodegradation of lignocellulosics: microbial, chemical, and
enzymatic aspects of the fungal attack of lignin. Int Microbiol 8:195–204
Miura K, Kudo M (1970) An agar-medium for aquatic hypomycetes. Trans Mycol Soc Japan
11:116–118
Ohkuma M, Maeda Y, Johjima T, Kudo T (2001) Lignin degradation and roles of white rot
fungi: study on an efficient symbiotic system in fungus growing termites and its application
to bioremediation. Riken Rev Foe Econ Sci Res 42:39–42
Petterson RC (1984) The chemical composition of wood. In: Rowell RM (ed) The chemistry of
solid wood. Americal Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 57–126
Pinto PC, Evtuguin DV, Neto CP (2005) Structure of hardwood gucuronoxylans: modifications and
impact on pulp retention during wood kraft pulping. Carbohyd Polym 60:489–497
Baldrin P, Lindahi BD (2017) Decomposition in forest ecosystem: after decades of research still
novel findings. Fungal Ecol 4:359–361
Pirzo Koivksarri Mysore V, Tejesvi MT, Markkota A, Mykra H, Pirttila AM (2019) Fungi originating
from tree leaves contribute to fungal diversity of litter in streams. Front Microbiol. https://doi.
org/10.3389/fMicb2019.0065
Weng SS, Di Y, Lin X, Yang G (2020) Screening of cellulose degrading fungi in forest litter and
fungal effects on litter decomposition. Bio Res 15:2937–2946
Swift MJ, Heal OM, Anderson JM (1979) Decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. J Ecol 34:45–50
TAPPI Standard Methods T 222 OS 74 (2009) Fibrous materials and pulp testing. Technical
Association of Pulp and Paper Industry, Atlanta
Tuomela M, Vikman M, Hatakka A, Itavaara M (2000) Biodegradation of lignin in a compost
environment: a review. Biores Technol 72:169–183
Varnaite R (2001) Bioconversion of rye straw by micromycetes. Biologija 4:34–36
Vinod VPT, Sashidar RB (2010) Surface morphology, chemical assessment of gum Kondagogu.
Indian J Natural Prod Res 1(2)
Virzo De Santo A, Rutigliano FA, Berg B, Fioretto A, Fierro AR (1998) Nitrogen dynamics of
decomposing needle litters in three coniferous forests of the Mediterranean area. Fresen Environ
Bull 7:510–517
Watanabe T, Watanabe Y, Nakamura K (2003) Biodegradation of wood and dual cultures of selected
two fungi determined by chopstick method. J Biosci Bioeng 95:623–626
Willfor SA, Sundberg A, Pranovich A, Holmbom B (2005) Polysaccharides in some industrially
important hardwood species. Wood Sci Technol 39:601–617