100
M. N. Abubacker and M. Prince
needle leaf, twig and bark of Pinus radiata, showed that the specific initial stage
of elements are Si 0.18% and Fe 0.11%. In the 90th day of degradation the same
elements shown higher levels of 12.83% Si and 9.79% Fe, whereas in the 180th day
of degradation more elements are recorded, they are Al 5.5%, P 0.55%, K 0.53%, Ti
0.10%, Mn 0.14% and Fe 2.31%.
Acknowledgements Author (MNA) wish to thank DST-FIST, Government of India, New Delhi for
providing the infrastructure facilities to the Department of Botany, National College, Tiruchirappalli,
Tamil Nadu. Authors also expresses thanks to Padmavibhushan Dr. V. Krishnamurthy, President,
Sri. K. Ragunathan, Secretary and Dr. K. Anbarasu, Principal, National College, Tiruchirappalli
for all the supports and encouragement given to PG and Research, Department of Biotechnology
to carry over the research work.
References
Abubacker MN, Kirthiga B (2015) Bioremediation potential of textile. Aspergillus flavus TEAK-07
against textile dye and their toxicity assessment. Biolife 3:54–60
Abubacker MN, Prince M (2013) Decomposition of lignin and holocellulose of Acacia dealbata
Link (Mimosoideae) leaves, twigs and barks by fungal isolates from virgin forest ecosystem of
Doddabetta belt of Nilgiris. Biosci Biotech Res Asia 10:719–726
Abubacker MN, Prince M (2015) Decomposition of lignin and holocellulose of Pinus roxburghii
Sar (Pinaceae) needle leaves, twigs and barks by fungal isolates from virgin forest ecosystem of
Doddabetta belt of Nilgiris. Biolife 3:553–560
ASTMD 1104-56 (1978). Method of test of holocellulose in wood. https://www.astm.org/standa
rds/D1104.htm
ASTMD 1110-87 (2007) Standard test methods for water solubility of wood. American Standard
Test Methods. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
Berg B, McClaugherty CA (2008) Plant litter: decomposition, humus formation, carbon sequestration, 2nd edn. Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin
Berg B, McClaugherty C, Johansson M-B (1997) Chemical changes in decomposing plant litter can
be systemized with respect to the litter’s initial. Reports from the Departments in Forest Ecology
and Forest Soil, Swedish University of Agricultural Science. Report, 74:85
Blanchette RA, Obst JR, Timell TE (1994) Biodegradation of compression wood and tension wood
by white and brown rot fungi. Holzforschung 48:34–42
Blanchette RA (1995) Degradation of lignocellulose complex in wood. Can J Bot 73:999–1010
Crossley DAJ, Hoglund MP (1962) A litter bag method for the study of microarthropods inhabiting
leaf litter. Ecology 43:571–573
Dubeux JCB Jr, Sollenberger LE, Interrante SM, Vendramini JMB, Stewart RL Jr (2006) Litter
decomposition and mineralization in bahia grass pastures managed at different intensities. Crop
Sci 46:1305–1310
Fioretto A, Di Nardo C, Papa S, Fuggi A (2005) Lignin and cellulose degradation and nitrogen
dynamics during decomposition of three leaf litter species in a mediterranean ecosystem. Soil
Biol Biochem 37:1083–1091
Hakala TK (2007) Characterization of the lignin—modifying enzymes of the selective white-rot
fungus Physisporinus rivulosus. Helsinki University Printing House, Helsinki, Finland, p 60
Hobbie SE, Vitousek PM (July 2000) Nutrient limitation of decomposition in Hawaiian forests.
Ecology 81(7):1867–1877
Hunt HW, Elliott ET, Walter DE (1989) Inferring trophic transfers from pulse-dynamics in detrital
food webs. Plant Soil 115:247–259
M. N. Abubacker and M. Prince
needle leaf, twig and bark of Pinus radiata, showed that the specific initial stage
of elements are Si 0.18% and Fe 0.11%. In the 90th day of degradation the same
elements shown higher levels of 12.83% Si and 9.79% Fe, whereas in the 180th day
of degradation more elements are recorded, they are Al 5.5%, P 0.55%, K 0.53%, Ti
0.10%, Mn 0.14% and Fe 2.31%.
Acknowledgements Author (MNA) wish to thank DST-FIST, Government of India, New Delhi for
providing the infrastructure facilities to the Department of Botany, National College, Tiruchirappalli,
Tamil Nadu. Authors also expresses thanks to Padmavibhushan Dr. V. Krishnamurthy, President,
Sri. K. Ragunathan, Secretary and Dr. K. Anbarasu, Principal, National College, Tiruchirappalli
for all the supports and encouragement given to PG and Research, Department of Biotechnology
to carry over the research work.
References
Abubacker MN, Kirthiga B (2015) Bioremediation potential of textile. Aspergillus flavus TEAK-07
against textile dye and their toxicity assessment. Biolife 3:54–60
Abubacker MN, Prince M (2013) Decomposition of lignin and holocellulose of Acacia dealbata
Link (Mimosoideae) leaves, twigs and barks by fungal isolates from virgin forest ecosystem of
Doddabetta belt of Nilgiris. Biosci Biotech Res Asia 10:719–726
Abubacker MN, Prince M (2015) Decomposition of lignin and holocellulose of Pinus roxburghii
Sar (Pinaceae) needle leaves, twigs and barks by fungal isolates from virgin forest ecosystem of
Doddabetta belt of Nilgiris. Biolife 3:553–560
ASTMD 1104-56 (1978). Method of test of holocellulose in wood. https://www.astm.org/standa
rds/D1104.htm
ASTMD 1110-87 (2007) Standard test methods for water solubility of wood. American Standard
Test Methods. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA
Berg B, McClaugherty CA (2008) Plant litter: decomposition, humus formation, carbon sequestration, 2nd edn. Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin
Berg B, McClaugherty C, Johansson M-B (1997) Chemical changes in decomposing plant litter can
be systemized with respect to the litter’s initial. Reports from the Departments in Forest Ecology
and Forest Soil, Swedish University of Agricultural Science. Report, 74:85
Blanchette RA, Obst JR, Timell TE (1994) Biodegradation of compression wood and tension wood
by white and brown rot fungi. Holzforschung 48:34–42
Blanchette RA (1995) Degradation of lignocellulose complex in wood. Can J Bot 73:999–1010
Crossley DAJ, Hoglund MP (1962) A litter bag method for the study of microarthropods inhabiting
leaf litter. Ecology 43:571–573
Dubeux JCB Jr, Sollenberger LE, Interrante SM, Vendramini JMB, Stewart RL Jr (2006) Litter
decomposition and mineralization in bahia grass pastures managed at different intensities. Crop
Sci 46:1305–1310
Fioretto A, Di Nardo C, Papa S, Fuggi A (2005) Lignin and cellulose degradation and nitrogen
dynamics during decomposition of three leaf litter species in a mediterranean ecosystem. Soil
Biol Biochem 37:1083–1091
Hakala TK (2007) Characterization of the lignin—modifying enzymes of the selective white-rot
fungus Physisporinus rivulosus. Helsinki University Printing House, Helsinki, Finland, p 60
Hobbie SE, Vitousek PM (July 2000) Nutrient limitation of decomposition in Hawaiian forests.
Ecology 81(7):1867–1877
Hunt HW, Elliott ET, Walter DE (1989) Inferring trophic transfers from pulse-dynamics in detrital
food webs. Plant Soil 115:247–259