Ecological Footprint Assessment …
75
Table 24 Resources and EF
per ton for Mode 4
Raw material
SWB A-flute DWB B-flute Required SWB
A-flute
Kraft paper
(kg/ton)
972.18
965.20
907.60
Starch (kg/ton) 16.96
26.33
15.83
Stitching wire
(kg/ton)
10.84
7.12
8.51
Fevicol
(kg/ton)
0
1.34
1.62
Total weight
(kg)
1000
1000
933.57
Grid electricity
(kW-h/ton)
107.67
149.065
100.51
Manpower
(h/ton)
72.62
100.55
67.80
Land (ha)
0.00000588 0.00000588 0.00000549
Water (L/ton)
67.86
105.33
63.35
EF (raw
material)
0.44843
0.45352
0.41864
EF (energy)
0.04306
0.05962
0.04020
EF (manpower) 0.00818
0.01133
0.00764
EF
(transportation)
0.00320
0.00318
0.00299
EF (land)
0.00000588 0.00000588 0.00000549
Ecological
footprint (gha)
0.50289
0.52767
0.46948
Table 25 Comparison of all the energy modes
Existing
Mode 1
Mode 2
Mode 3
EF (energy) (gha)
22
1.1
4.185
3.272371
Total EF (gha)
239.28
218.39
228.77
220.55
Yearly savings (gha)
–
20.91
10.52
18.74
ISI (MillionRs-person/tCO 2 )
0.80
51.20
1.53
9.23
Investment (Rs)
–
2,138,500
60,000
915,400
Yearly savings (Rs)
–
407,963
52,153.20
215,338.2
Payback (years)
–
5.3
1.15
4.25
6 Conclusions and Scope of Future Work
The paper corrugation-based packaging industry is surveyed. Three energy modes,
based on the potential of grid-connected solar PV and LPG, are analysed to reduce
75
Table 24 Resources and EF
per ton for Mode 4
Raw material
SWB A-flute DWB B-flute Required SWB
A-flute
Kraft paper
(kg/ton)
972.18
965.20
907.60
Starch (kg/ton) 16.96
26.33
15.83
Stitching wire
(kg/ton)
10.84
7.12
8.51
Fevicol
(kg/ton)
0
1.34
1.62
Total weight
(kg)
1000
1000
933.57
Grid electricity
(kW-h/ton)
107.67
149.065
100.51
Manpower
(h/ton)
72.62
100.55
67.80
Land (ha)
0.00000588 0.00000588 0.00000549
Water (L/ton)
67.86
105.33
63.35
EF (raw
material)
0.44843
0.45352
0.41864
EF (energy)
0.04306
0.05962
0.04020
EF (manpower) 0.00818
0.01133
0.00764
EF
(transportation)
0.00320
0.00318
0.00299
EF (land)
0.00000588 0.00000588 0.00000549
Ecological
footprint (gha)
0.50289
0.52767
0.46948
Table 25 Comparison of all the energy modes
Existing
Mode 1
Mode 2
Mode 3
EF (energy) (gha)
22
1.1
4.185
3.272371
Total EF (gha)
239.28
218.39
228.77
220.55
Yearly savings (gha)
–
20.91
10.52
18.74
ISI (MillionRs-person/tCO 2 )
0.80
51.20
1.53
9.23
Investment (Rs)
–
2,138,500
60,000
915,400
Yearly savings (Rs)
–
407,963
52,153.20
215,338.2
Payback (years)
–
5.3
1.15
4.25
6 Conclusions and Scope of Future Work
The paper corrugation-based packaging industry is surveyed. Three energy modes,
based on the potential of grid-connected solar PV and LPG, are analysed to reduce