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A. Shalaby and H. S. Khedr
Map 8 Change of built-up area between years 1988: 2018
It is also noted that, the built-up area increased with much higher rate in difference
to the agricultural land that increased by 197.2% (of the agriculture area in 1988).
6 Recommendations
• It is advised to apply modern irrigation methods such as pivot, sprinkler and drip
irrigation to conserve the limited groundwater and to protect the soil form water
logging and salinization.
• Fixing sand dunes to protect agricultural land and infrastructure.
• Using remote sensing and GIS to monitor land use/land cover periodically.
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