15 An Overview of Natural Water Contamination …
359
Nd, Lu, Ce, and Eu.), where speciation of metals plays a big role in natural
attenuation of contaminated soils. Transfer factors and bioaccumulation factors
are important for ecological engineers as bioconcentration factors govern the
mineral processing activities through different stages of water treatment.
f) Biological solutions as natural remediation strategies gain much popularity in the
last decades due to the involvement of genetic and geochemical transformations,
which helps in metabolic regulation of metals decontamination through chelation, rhizofiltration, and genetic transformations. Usually, in the natural aquatic
environment, several microbial populations lead to have potential reclamation
actions which tend to sequestrate heavy metals and metalloids in their guts.
Therefore, a wide range of metal-biocomplexes are formed due to their structural
rigidity and their binding energy differences show a great variation in stability and
solubility indices. These will finally help in management of passive longterm less
environmentally disruptive geogenic processes.
15.2.4 Hybrid and New Generation Clean up Technologies
There are many conventional techniques which are commonly used as promising
technologies for water treatment since centuries, and among them, membrane-based
reverse osmosis is the one which works under pressure/concentration-driven system
and operated by thermodynamic functions. The combination of ion exchange methods with low cost ion exchangers is quite important to direct passive metal uptake
process. Biomass through several hyper-bioaccumulation process converts unwanted
salts and organic contaminants along with chemical toxins.
15.3 Reconnaissance Surveys at Different Levels
of Sociological Structures
In the community, there are number of people whom may directly affected by the
contaminated site includes the workers at site, local business owners, and people
who live near site area. Although, most of the contaminated sites like gas stations
and hydrocarbon spill sites which is been leaking through underground fuel tank and
the community is not aware of the situation. This is a major concern as it may cause
health as well as environmental risk. There are some major concerns about natural
attenuation which panelists talk about like
a) Expansion of plume: There might be possibility of failure for the approved
method of natural contamination and as a result plume may expand.
b) Unavailability of standard documents: Literature shows that other than dispersion, dilution, and volatilization, there are no other standard methods which show
the mechanism behind the reduction of contaminant level.
359
Nd, Lu, Ce, and Eu.), where speciation of metals plays a big role in natural
attenuation of contaminated soils. Transfer factors and bioaccumulation factors
are important for ecological engineers as bioconcentration factors govern the
mineral processing activities through different stages of water treatment.
f) Biological solutions as natural remediation strategies gain much popularity in the
last decades due to the involvement of genetic and geochemical transformations,
which helps in metabolic regulation of metals decontamination through chelation, rhizofiltration, and genetic transformations. Usually, in the natural aquatic
environment, several microbial populations lead to have potential reclamation
actions which tend to sequestrate heavy metals and metalloids in their guts.
Therefore, a wide range of metal-biocomplexes are formed due to their structural
rigidity and their binding energy differences show a great variation in stability and
solubility indices. These will finally help in management of passive longterm less
environmentally disruptive geogenic processes.
15.2.4 Hybrid and New Generation Clean up Technologies
There are many conventional techniques which are commonly used as promising
technologies for water treatment since centuries, and among them, membrane-based
reverse osmosis is the one which works under pressure/concentration-driven system
and operated by thermodynamic functions. The combination of ion exchange methods with low cost ion exchangers is quite important to direct passive metal uptake
process. Biomass through several hyper-bioaccumulation process converts unwanted
salts and organic contaminants along with chemical toxins.
15.3 Reconnaissance Surveys at Different Levels
of Sociological Structures
In the community, there are number of people whom may directly affected by the
contaminated site includes the workers at site, local business owners, and people
who live near site area. Although, most of the contaminated sites like gas stations
and hydrocarbon spill sites which is been leaking through underground fuel tank and
the community is not aware of the situation. This is a major concern as it may cause
health as well as environmental risk. There are some major concerns about natural
attenuation which panelists talk about like
a) Expansion of plume: There might be possibility of failure for the approved
method of natural contamination and as a result plume may expand.
b) Unavailability of standard documents: Literature shows that other than dispersion, dilution, and volatilization, there are no other standard methods which show
the mechanism behind the reduction of contaminant level.