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A. K. Thakur and M. Kumar
globe and that too in developed nations, and hence, the study is limited to only first
world countries. Also, the study is limited only to ZVI when we talk about using it
on tons basis as fillers. So, other options of fillers need to be determined as loss of
reactivity is noticed in ZVI fillers after a certain period. The changes in the chemical
composition and geochemical cycles should be regularly monitored inside the barrier
and also in the downstream so that any kind of fouling. The more software-based
analysis would be needed to do the real-time simulations of contaminant transport
and groundwater flow to have a better understanding of PRBs.
Acknowledgements Authors like to thank WIN Foundation for supporting the groundwater
remediation project.
References
Alighardashi A et al. (2018) Pervious concrete reactive barrier containing nano-silica for nitrate
removal from contaminated water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Anderson JC, Carlson JC, Low JE, Challis JK, Wong CS, Knapp CW et al (2013) Performance of a
constructed wetland in Grand Marais, Manitoba, Canada: removal of nutrients, pharmaceuticals,
and antibiotic resistance genes from municipal wastewater. Chem Cent J 2013:7
Bandmann O, Weiss KH, Kaler SG (2015) Wilson’s disease and other neurological copper disorders.
Lancet Neurol 14(1):103–113
Bastiaens L, Van Nooten T, Simons Q, Diels L (2008) Design of multifunctional permeable reactive barriers (multibarriers) for treatment of mixed contamination plumes: 2 cases. In Sixth
International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, May,
pp 19–22
Barbaro JR, Belaval M, Truslow DB, LeBlanc DR, Cambareri TC, Michaud SC (2019) Hydrologic
site assessment for passive treatment of groundwater nitrogen with permeable reactive barriers,
Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USGS, 2019
Baric M, Pierro L, Pietrangeli B, Papini MP (2014) Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHB) as a slow-release
electron donor for advanced in situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvent-contaminated aquifers.
New Biotechnol 31(4):377–382
Bekel DN, Du JJ, Freitas LG, Naidu R (2019) Actively facilitated permeable reactive barrier for
remediation of TCE from a low permeability aquifer: field application. J Hydrol 572
Blowes DW, Ptacek CJ, Benner SG, McRae CW, Bennett TA, Puls RW (2000) Treatment of inorganic
contaminants using permeable reactive barriers. J Contam Hydrology 45(1–2):123–137
Birke V, Burmeier H, Rosenau D (2003) Design, Construction, and Operation of Tailored Permeable
Reactive Barriers. Pract Period Hazard Toxic Radioact Waste Manag
Bolden AL, Kwiatkowski CF, Colborn T (2015) New look at BTEX: are ambient levels a problem?
Environ Sci Technol 49(9):5261–5276
Borah R, Kumari D, Gogoi A, Biswas S, Goswami R, Shim J, Begum NA, Kumar M (2018) Efficacy
and field applicability of Burmese grape leaf extract (BGLE) for cadmium removal: an implication
of metal removal from natural water. Ecotox Environ Safe 147:585–593
Brzoska, Moniuszko Jakoniuk, Jurczuk, Galazyn-Sidorczuk, Rogalska (2000) Effect of short-term
ethanol administration on Cadmium retention and bio element metabolism in rats continuously
exposed to Cadmium. Alcohol Alcohol 35(5):439–445
Chiu WA, Jinot J, Scott CS, Makris SL, Cooper GS, Dzubow RC, Bale AS, Evans MV, Guyton
KZ, Keshava N, Lipscomb JC, Barone S Jr, Fox JF, Gwinn MR, Schaum J, Caldwell JC (2013)
A. K. Thakur and M. Kumar
globe and that too in developed nations, and hence, the study is limited to only first
world countries. Also, the study is limited only to ZVI when we talk about using it
on tons basis as fillers. So, other options of fillers need to be determined as loss of
reactivity is noticed in ZVI fillers after a certain period. The changes in the chemical
composition and geochemical cycles should be regularly monitored inside the barrier
and also in the downstream so that any kind of fouling. The more software-based
analysis would be needed to do the real-time simulations of contaminant transport
and groundwater flow to have a better understanding of PRBs.
Acknowledgements Authors like to thank WIN Foundation for supporting the groundwater
remediation project.
References
Alighardashi A et al. (2018) Pervious concrete reactive barrier containing nano-silica for nitrate
removal from contaminated water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Anderson JC, Carlson JC, Low JE, Challis JK, Wong CS, Knapp CW et al (2013) Performance of a
constructed wetland in Grand Marais, Manitoba, Canada: removal of nutrients, pharmaceuticals,
and antibiotic resistance genes from municipal wastewater. Chem Cent J 2013:7
Bandmann O, Weiss KH, Kaler SG (2015) Wilson’s disease and other neurological copper disorders.
Lancet Neurol 14(1):103–113
Bastiaens L, Van Nooten T, Simons Q, Diels L (2008) Design of multifunctional permeable reactive barriers (multibarriers) for treatment of mixed contamination plumes: 2 cases. In Sixth
International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, May,
pp 19–22
Barbaro JR, Belaval M, Truslow DB, LeBlanc DR, Cambareri TC, Michaud SC (2019) Hydrologic
site assessment for passive treatment of groundwater nitrogen with permeable reactive barriers,
Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USGS, 2019
Baric M, Pierro L, Pietrangeli B, Papini MP (2014) Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHB) as a slow-release
electron donor for advanced in situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvent-contaminated aquifers.
New Biotechnol 31(4):377–382
Bekel DN, Du JJ, Freitas LG, Naidu R (2019) Actively facilitated permeable reactive barrier for
remediation of TCE from a low permeability aquifer: field application. J Hydrol 572
Blowes DW, Ptacek CJ, Benner SG, McRae CW, Bennett TA, Puls RW (2000) Treatment of inorganic
contaminants using permeable reactive barriers. J Contam Hydrology 45(1–2):123–137
Birke V, Burmeier H, Rosenau D (2003) Design, Construction, and Operation of Tailored Permeable
Reactive Barriers. Pract Period Hazard Toxic Radioact Waste Manag
Bolden AL, Kwiatkowski CF, Colborn T (2015) New look at BTEX: are ambient levels a problem?
Environ Sci Technol 49(9):5261–5276
Borah R, Kumari D, Gogoi A, Biswas S, Goswami R, Shim J, Begum NA, Kumar M (2018) Efficacy
and field applicability of Burmese grape leaf extract (BGLE) for cadmium removal: an implication
of metal removal from natural water. Ecotox Environ Safe 147:585–593
Brzoska, Moniuszko Jakoniuk, Jurczuk, Galazyn-Sidorczuk, Rogalska (2000) Effect of short-term
ethanol administration on Cadmium retention and bio element metabolism in rats continuously
exposed to Cadmium. Alcohol Alcohol 35(5):439–445
Chiu WA, Jinot J, Scott CS, Makris SL, Cooper GS, Dzubow RC, Bale AS, Evans MV, Guyton
KZ, Keshava N, Lipscomb JC, Barone S Jr, Fox JF, Gwinn MR, Schaum J, Caldwell JC (2013)