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A. K. Thakur and M. Kumar
Table 8.4 PRB materials and their target contaminants
PRB material
Contaminant
Removal %
Source
Mulch (50%) + Gravel
(50%)
Nitrate
66–99%
Gibert et al. (2018)
Sand (50%) + Sawdust
(50%)
Nitrate
77%
Schmidt and Clark
(2012)
Wood chips
Nitrate
>99%
Hiller et al. (2015)
Sediment wood particle Nitrate
90%
Robertson et al. (2007)
Soil (70%) + Sawdust
(30%)
Nitrate
70–95%
Schipper and
Vujbodik-Vukovic
(1998, 2000, 2001)
Soil (80%) + Sawdust
(20%)
Nitrate
72–97%
Robertson et al. (2000,
2008)
Red mud
Fluoride
87.3%
Vinati et al. (2019)
Clay
Cs-137
NA
Source et al. (2015)
Natural pyrite (FeS 2 )
Cr(VI)
27–100%
Liu et al. (2015)
Granular Iron
Chlorinated VOCs
No data
Vogan et al. (1999)
Bioaugumented Bio
Barrier
(Mycobacterium sp.
and Pseudomonas
bead) PRB
BTEX
84–97%
Xin et al. (2013)
ZVI +
Polyhydroxybutyrate
1,2-dichloroethane
20–80%
Baric et al. (2014)
Wheat Straw +
Coconut Shell BC
PAH
99%
Liu et al. (2019)
Clinoptilolite (01-29B) Ammonium, Lead and
Copper
>80%
Park et al. (2002)
Calcite
Nitrate
28–65%
Reddy et al. (2014)
Phosphate
35–98%
Cadmium
88–96%
Copper
86–99%
Lead
98–99%
Nickel
0–14%
Chromium
15–60%
Zinc
4–99%
Zeolite
Nitrate
35–75%
Reddy et al. (2014)
Phosphate
70–73%
Cadmium
32–99%
Copper
95–98%
Lead
99–100%
Nickel
0–74%
Chromium
9–70%
Zinc
98–99%
(continued)