3 Natural Attenuation of Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic …
91
Kumari D, Goswami R, Kumar M, Mazumder P, Kataki R, Shim J (2017) Removal of Cr(VI) ions
from the aqueous solution through nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) Magnetite Corn Cob Silica
(MCCS): a bio-waste based water purification perspective. Groundwater Sustain Dev. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.gsd.2017.12.007
Kunkel U, Radke M (2008) Biodegradation of acidic pharmaceuticals in bed sediments: insight from
a laboratory experiment. Environ Sci Technol 42:7273–7279. https://doi.org/10.1021/es801562j
Kunkel U, Radke M (2011) Reactive tracer test to evaluate the fate of pharmaceuticals in rivers.
Environ Sci Technol 45:6296–6302. https://doi.org/10.1021/es104320n
Kunkel U, Radke M (2012) Fate of pharmaceuticals in rivers: deriving a benchmark dataset
at favorable attenuation conditions. Water Res 46:5551–5565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.
2012.07.033
la Farré M, Pérez S, Kantiani L, Barceló D (2008) Fate and toxicity of emerging pollutants, their
metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic environment. TrAC—Trends Anal Chem
27:991–1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2008.09.010
Lam MW, Mabury SA (2005) Photodegradation of the pharmaceuticals atorvastatin, carbamazepine,
levofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole in natural waters. Aquat Sci 67:177–188. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s00027-004-0768-8
Lara-Martín PA, Renfro AA, Cochran JK, Brownawell BJ (2015) Geochronologies of pharmaceuticals in a sewage-impacted estuarine urban setting (Jamaica Bay, New York). Environ Sci Technol
49:5948–5955. https://doi.org/10.1021/es506009v
Latch DE, Stender BL, Packer JL, Arnold WA, McNeill K (2003) Photochemical fate of pharmaceuticals in the environment: cimetidine and ranitidine. Environ Sci Technol 37:3342–3350. https://
doi.org/10.1021/es0340782
Lawrence JR, Swerhone GDW, Wassenaar LI, Neu TR (2005) Effects of selected pharmaceuticals
on riverine biofilm communities. Can J Microbiol. https://doi.org/10.1139/w05-047
Lawrence JR, Swerhone GDW, Topp E, Korber DR, Neu TR, Wassenaar LI (2007) Structural
and functional responses of river biofilm communities to the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
diclofenac. Environ Toxicol Chem. https://doi.org/10.1897/06-340R.1
Laxminarayan R, Chaudhury RR (2016) Antibiotic Resistance in India: drivers and opportunities
for action. PLOS Med 13:e1001974
Lee HB, Sarafin K, Peart TE, Svoboda ML (2003a) Acidic pharmaceuticals in sewage—methodology, stability test, occurrence, and removal from Ontario samples. Water Qual Res J Canada
38:667–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9736-1
Lee LS, Strock TJ, Sarmah AK, Rao PSC (2003b) Sorption and dissipation of testosterone, estrogens,
and their primary transformation products in soils and sediment. Environ Sci Technol 37:4098–
4105. https://doi.org/10.1021/es020998t
Leech DM, Snyder MT, Wetzel RG (2009) Natural organic matter and sunlight accelerate the
degradation of 17ß-estradiol in water. Sci Total Environ 407:2087–2092. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.scitotenv.2008.11.018
Li Puma G, Puddu V, Tsang HK, Gora A, Toepfer B (2010) Photocatalytic oxidation of multicomponent mixtures of estrogens (estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2)
and estriol (E3)) under UVA and UVC radiation: Photon absorption, quantum yields and rate
constants independent of photon absorp. Appl Catal B Environ 99:388–397. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.apcatb.2010.05.015
Li M, Xu B, Liungai Z, Hu H, Chen C, Qiao J, Lu Y (2016) The removal of estrogenic activity
with UV/chlorine technology and identification of novel estrogenic disinfection by-products. J
Hazard Mater 307:119–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.003
Lin AYC, Plumlee MH, Reinhard M (2006a) Natural attenuation of pharmaceuticals and alkylphenol
polyethoxylate metabolites during river transport: photochemical and biological transformation.
Environ Toxicol Chem 25:1458–1464
Lin AYC, Plumlee MH, Reinhard M (2006b) Natural attenuation of pharmaceuticals and alkylphenol
polyethoxylate metabolites during river transport: photochemical and biological transformation.
Toxicol Chem, Environ. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-412R.1
91
Kumari D, Goswami R, Kumar M, Mazumder P, Kataki R, Shim J (2017) Removal of Cr(VI) ions
from the aqueous solution through nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) Magnetite Corn Cob Silica
(MCCS): a bio-waste based water purification perspective. Groundwater Sustain Dev. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.gsd.2017.12.007
Kunkel U, Radke M (2008) Biodegradation of acidic pharmaceuticals in bed sediments: insight from
a laboratory experiment. Environ Sci Technol 42:7273–7279. https://doi.org/10.1021/es801562j
Kunkel U, Radke M (2011) Reactive tracer test to evaluate the fate of pharmaceuticals in rivers.
Environ Sci Technol 45:6296–6302. https://doi.org/10.1021/es104320n
Kunkel U, Radke M (2012) Fate of pharmaceuticals in rivers: deriving a benchmark dataset
at favorable attenuation conditions. Water Res 46:5551–5565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.
2012.07.033
la Farré M, Pérez S, Kantiani L, Barceló D (2008) Fate and toxicity of emerging pollutants, their
metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic environment. TrAC—Trends Anal Chem
27:991–1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2008.09.010
Lam MW, Mabury SA (2005) Photodegradation of the pharmaceuticals atorvastatin, carbamazepine,
levofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole in natural waters. Aquat Sci 67:177–188. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s00027-004-0768-8
Lara-Martín PA, Renfro AA, Cochran JK, Brownawell BJ (2015) Geochronologies of pharmaceuticals in a sewage-impacted estuarine urban setting (Jamaica Bay, New York). Environ Sci Technol
49:5948–5955. https://doi.org/10.1021/es506009v
Latch DE, Stender BL, Packer JL, Arnold WA, McNeill K (2003) Photochemical fate of pharmaceuticals in the environment: cimetidine and ranitidine. Environ Sci Technol 37:3342–3350. https://
doi.org/10.1021/es0340782
Lawrence JR, Swerhone GDW, Wassenaar LI, Neu TR (2005) Effects of selected pharmaceuticals
on riverine biofilm communities. Can J Microbiol. https://doi.org/10.1139/w05-047
Lawrence JR, Swerhone GDW, Topp E, Korber DR, Neu TR, Wassenaar LI (2007) Structural
and functional responses of river biofilm communities to the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
diclofenac. Environ Toxicol Chem. https://doi.org/10.1897/06-340R.1
Laxminarayan R, Chaudhury RR (2016) Antibiotic Resistance in India: drivers and opportunities
for action. PLOS Med 13:e1001974
Lee HB, Sarafin K, Peart TE, Svoboda ML (2003a) Acidic pharmaceuticals in sewage—methodology, stability test, occurrence, and removal from Ontario samples. Water Qual Res J Canada
38:667–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9736-1
Lee LS, Strock TJ, Sarmah AK, Rao PSC (2003b) Sorption and dissipation of testosterone, estrogens,
and their primary transformation products in soils and sediment. Environ Sci Technol 37:4098–
4105. https://doi.org/10.1021/es020998t
Leech DM, Snyder MT, Wetzel RG (2009) Natural organic matter and sunlight accelerate the
degradation of 17ß-estradiol in water. Sci Total Environ 407:2087–2092. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.scitotenv.2008.11.018
Li Puma G, Puddu V, Tsang HK, Gora A, Toepfer B (2010) Photocatalytic oxidation of multicomponent mixtures of estrogens (estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2)
and estriol (E3)) under UVA and UVC radiation: Photon absorption, quantum yields and rate
constants independent of photon absorp. Appl Catal B Environ 99:388–397. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.apcatb.2010.05.015
Li M, Xu B, Liungai Z, Hu H, Chen C, Qiao J, Lu Y (2016) The removal of estrogenic activity
with UV/chlorine technology and identification of novel estrogenic disinfection by-products. J
Hazard Mater 307:119–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.003
Lin AYC, Plumlee MH, Reinhard M (2006a) Natural attenuation of pharmaceuticals and alkylphenol
polyethoxylate metabolites during river transport: photochemical and biological transformation.
Environ Toxicol Chem 25:1458–1464
Lin AYC, Plumlee MH, Reinhard M (2006b) Natural attenuation of pharmaceuticals and alkylphenol
polyethoxylate metabolites during river transport: photochemical and biological transformation.
Toxicol Chem, Environ. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-412R.1