Dutta K, De S (2017a) Aromatic conjugated polymers for removal of heavy metal ions from
wastewater: a short review. Environ Sci Water Res Technol 3:793–805. https://doi.org/10.
1039/c7ew00154a
Dutta K, De S (2017b) Smart responsive materials for water purification: an overview. J Mater
Chem A 5:22095–22112. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta07054c
Dutta K, Rana D (2019) Polythiophenes: an emerging class of promising water purifying materials.
Eur Polym J 116:370–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.04.033
Elma M, Wang DK, Yacou C, Motuzas J, da Costa JCD (2015) High performance interlayer-free
mesoporous cobalt oxide silica membranes for desalination applications. Desalination
365:308–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.02.034
Fei J, Cui Y, Yan X, Qi W, Yang Y, Wang K, He Q, Li J (2008) Controlled preparation of MnO 2
hierarchical hollow nanostructures and their application in water treatment. Adv Mater
20:452–456. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200701231
Fei J, Cui Y, Zhao J, Gao L, Yang Y, Li J (2011) Large-scale preparation of 3D self-assembled iron
hydroxide and oxide hierarchical nanostructures and their applications for water treatment. J
Mater Chem 21:11742–11746. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1jm11950h
Feng YJ, Li XY (2003) Electro-catalytic oxidation of phenol on several metal-oxide electrodes in
aqueous solution. Water Res 37:2399–2407. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00026-5
Gadde RR, Laitinen HA (1974) Studies of heavy metal adsorption by hydrous iron and manganese
oxides. Anal Chem 46:2022–2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60349a004
Giannakis S, Liu S, Carratalà A, Rtimi S, Amiri MT, Bensimon M, Pulgarin C (2017) Iron oxidemediated semiconductor photocatalysis vs. heterogeneous photo-Fenton treatment of viruses in
wastewater. Impact of the oxide particle size. J Hazard Mater 339:223–231. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.jhazmat.2017.06.037
Gollavelli G, Chang C-C, Ling Y-C (2013) Facile synthesis of smart magnetic graphene for safe
drinking water: heavy metal removal and disinfection control. ACS Sustain Chem Eng
1:462–472. https://doi.org/10.1021/sc300112z
Herrmann J-M, Guillard C, Pichat P (1993) Heterogeneous photocatalysis: an emerging technology
for water treatment. Catal Today 17:7–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-5861(93)80003-J
Hristovski K, Baumgardner A, Westerhoff P (2007) Selecting metal oxide nanomaterials for arsenic
removal in fixed bed columns: from nanopowders to aggregated nanoparticle media. J Hazard
Mater 147:265–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.017
Hu J-S, Zhong L-S, Song W-G, Wan L-J (2008) Synthesis of hierarchically structured metal oxides
and their application in heavy metal ion removal. Adv Mater 20:2977–2982. https://doi.org/10.
1002/adma.200800623
Hua M, Zhang S, Pan B, Zhang W, Lv L, Zhang Q (2012) Heavy metal removal from water/
wastewater by nanosized metal oxides: a review. J Hazard Mater 211-212:317–331. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.016
Huang YH, Peddi PK, Tang C, Zeng H, Teng X (2013) Hybrid zero-valent iron process for
removing heavy metals and nitrate from flue-gas-desulfurization wastewater. Sep Purif Technol
118:690–698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.07.009
Iram M, Guo C, Guan Y, Ishfaq A, Liu H (2010) Adsorption and magnetic removal of neutral red
dye from aqueous solution using Fe 3 O 4 hollow nanospheres. J Hazard Mater 181:1039–1050.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.119
Jeon S, Yong K (2010) Morphology-controlled synthesis of highly adsorptive tungsten oxide
nanostructures and their application to water treatment. J Mater Chem 20:10146–10151.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c0jm01644f
Jiang G, Lin Z, Chen C, Zhu L, Chang Q, Wang N, Wei W, Tang H (2011) TiO 2 nanoparticles
assembled on graphene oxide nanosheets with high photocatalytic activity for removal of
pollutants. Carbon 49:2693–2701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.02.059
Karnib M, Kabbani A, Holail H, Olama Z (2014) Heavy metals removal using activated carbon,
silica and silica activated carbon composite. Energy Proc 50:113–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
egypro.2014.06.014
1 Metal Oxides as Decontaminants of Water and Wastewater
23
wastewater: a short review. Environ Sci Water Res Technol 3:793–805. https://doi.org/10.
1039/c7ew00154a
Dutta K, De S (2017b) Smart responsive materials for water purification: an overview. J Mater
Chem A 5:22095–22112. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta07054c
Dutta K, Rana D (2019) Polythiophenes: an emerging class of promising water purifying materials.
Eur Polym J 116:370–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.04.033
Elma M, Wang DK, Yacou C, Motuzas J, da Costa JCD (2015) High performance interlayer-free
mesoporous cobalt oxide silica membranes for desalination applications. Desalination
365:308–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.02.034
Fei J, Cui Y, Yan X, Qi W, Yang Y, Wang K, He Q, Li J (2008) Controlled preparation of MnO 2
hierarchical hollow nanostructures and their application in water treatment. Adv Mater
20:452–456. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200701231
Fei J, Cui Y, Zhao J, Gao L, Yang Y, Li J (2011) Large-scale preparation of 3D self-assembled iron
hydroxide and oxide hierarchical nanostructures and their applications for water treatment. J
Mater Chem 21:11742–11746. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1jm11950h
Feng YJ, Li XY (2003) Electro-catalytic oxidation of phenol on several metal-oxide electrodes in
aqueous solution. Water Res 37:2399–2407. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00026-5
Gadde RR, Laitinen HA (1974) Studies of heavy metal adsorption by hydrous iron and manganese
oxides. Anal Chem 46:2022–2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60349a004
Giannakis S, Liu S, Carratalà A, Rtimi S, Amiri MT, Bensimon M, Pulgarin C (2017) Iron oxidemediated semiconductor photocatalysis vs. heterogeneous photo-Fenton treatment of viruses in
wastewater. Impact of the oxide particle size. J Hazard Mater 339:223–231. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.jhazmat.2017.06.037
Gollavelli G, Chang C-C, Ling Y-C (2013) Facile synthesis of smart magnetic graphene for safe
drinking water: heavy metal removal and disinfection control. ACS Sustain Chem Eng
1:462–472. https://doi.org/10.1021/sc300112z
Herrmann J-M, Guillard C, Pichat P (1993) Heterogeneous photocatalysis: an emerging technology
for water treatment. Catal Today 17:7–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-5861(93)80003-J
Hristovski K, Baumgardner A, Westerhoff P (2007) Selecting metal oxide nanomaterials for arsenic
removal in fixed bed columns: from nanopowders to aggregated nanoparticle media. J Hazard
Mater 147:265–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.017
Hu J-S, Zhong L-S, Song W-G, Wan L-J (2008) Synthesis of hierarchically structured metal oxides
and their application in heavy metal ion removal. Adv Mater 20:2977–2982. https://doi.org/10.
1002/adma.200800623
Hua M, Zhang S, Pan B, Zhang W, Lv L, Zhang Q (2012) Heavy metal removal from water/
wastewater by nanosized metal oxides: a review. J Hazard Mater 211-212:317–331. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.016
Huang YH, Peddi PK, Tang C, Zeng H, Teng X (2013) Hybrid zero-valent iron process for
removing heavy metals and nitrate from flue-gas-desulfurization wastewater. Sep Purif Technol
118:690–698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.07.009
Iram M, Guo C, Guan Y, Ishfaq A, Liu H (2010) Adsorption and magnetic removal of neutral red
dye from aqueous solution using Fe 3 O 4 hollow nanospheres. J Hazard Mater 181:1039–1050.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.119
Jeon S, Yong K (2010) Morphology-controlled synthesis of highly adsorptive tungsten oxide
nanostructures and their application to water treatment. J Mater Chem 20:10146–10151.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c0jm01644f
Jiang G, Lin Z, Chen C, Zhu L, Chang Q, Wang N, Wei W, Tang H (2011) TiO 2 nanoparticles
assembled on graphene oxide nanosheets with high photocatalytic activity for removal of
pollutants. Carbon 49:2693–2701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.02.059
Karnib M, Kabbani A, Holail H, Olama Z (2014) Heavy metals removal using activated carbon,
silica and silica activated carbon composite. Energy Proc 50:113–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
egypro.2014.06.014
1 Metal Oxides as Decontaminants of Water and Wastewater
23