Energy potential from biogas, which could be garnered from MSW and this could be
accomplished in a better way if there are more supporting policies (Bong et al. 2017).
2.5.1.3 Canary Islands
Biogas production from the animal manure in the farms of Canary Islands represents
an additional energy source for heat and electricity production. 495.622 tons of
manure per year is produced from all the farms on the island. Processing this manure
for biogas production results in the overall 27.1 Mm
3 biogas potential per year with a
comparable installed capacity of 6.8 MWe. If we consider 0.5 tons of manure
production per day (the lowest limit for implementing biogas project), 546 farms
raising various animal types have the potential for producing and utilizing their own
biogas along with having electric powers ranging from 3 to 185 kWe. The biogas
production has the capacity to inhibit GHG emissions which is equivalent to
55,745.1 tons of carbon dioxide solving both problems, the substitute for fossil
fuels and appropriate management of animal manure.
2.5.2 Cost–Benefit Analysis of Biogas
2.5.2.1 Biogas Benefit
The cost–benefit analysis is the total value of biogas, a function of the net amount
available, the conversion efficiency, and the value of fuel it replaces (House 2010).
In addition to this, the fertilizer value of effluent is added as a benefit. The most usual
practice for the disposal of MSW is landfilling. The treatment of organic solid wastes
(accounting for about 70% of waste in the MSW) can divert a large part of the MSW
from the landfill resulting in saving space and elongating the lifespan of the landfill.
Besides, transport costs are also saved.
2.5.2.2 Environmental Benefits
The environmental aspect covers the advantages of an AD facility to the environment. The first and foremost being the reduction of the wood consumptions, which
ends up in halt to the soil erosion conditions. The production of biogas plays a role in
the global brawl counter to global warming. It acts as a substitute for natural gas and
other fossil fuels polluting the environment. The use of the digestate reduces the
consumption of artificial fertilizers, avoids carbon dioxide emissions, and deforestation is kept in check sustaining the capability of forests to act as carbon sinks
(Kossmann et al. undated). All the benefits trail down to others as methane is reduced
as a greenhouse gas by the contribution of anaerobic digestion.
2.6
Future Roadmap
Energy is an essential aspect for human and social development, but it is often
produced at the expense of the environment and resulting in a plethora of environmental issues such as climate change (Khan et al. 2017). Biogas can help achieve
56
M. N. Anwar et al.
accomplished in a better way if there are more supporting policies (Bong et al. 2017).
2.5.1.3 Canary Islands
Biogas production from the animal manure in the farms of Canary Islands represents
an additional energy source for heat and electricity production. 495.622 tons of
manure per year is produced from all the farms on the island. Processing this manure
for biogas production results in the overall 27.1 Mm
3 biogas potential per year with a
comparable installed capacity of 6.8 MWe. If we consider 0.5 tons of manure
production per day (the lowest limit for implementing biogas project), 546 farms
raising various animal types have the potential for producing and utilizing their own
biogas along with having electric powers ranging from 3 to 185 kWe. The biogas
production has the capacity to inhibit GHG emissions which is equivalent to
55,745.1 tons of carbon dioxide solving both problems, the substitute for fossil
fuels and appropriate management of animal manure.
2.5.2 Cost–Benefit Analysis of Biogas
2.5.2.1 Biogas Benefit
The cost–benefit analysis is the total value of biogas, a function of the net amount
available, the conversion efficiency, and the value of fuel it replaces (House 2010).
In addition to this, the fertilizer value of effluent is added as a benefit. The most usual
practice for the disposal of MSW is landfilling. The treatment of organic solid wastes
(accounting for about 70% of waste in the MSW) can divert a large part of the MSW
from the landfill resulting in saving space and elongating the lifespan of the landfill.
Besides, transport costs are also saved.
2.5.2.2 Environmental Benefits
The environmental aspect covers the advantages of an AD facility to the environment. The first and foremost being the reduction of the wood consumptions, which
ends up in halt to the soil erosion conditions. The production of biogas plays a role in
the global brawl counter to global warming. It acts as a substitute for natural gas and
other fossil fuels polluting the environment. The use of the digestate reduces the
consumption of artificial fertilizers, avoids carbon dioxide emissions, and deforestation is kept in check sustaining the capability of forests to act as carbon sinks
(Kossmann et al. undated). All the benefits trail down to others as methane is reduced
as a greenhouse gas by the contribution of anaerobic digestion.
2.6
Future Roadmap
Energy is an essential aspect for human and social development, but it is often
produced at the expense of the environment and resulting in a plethora of environmental issues such as climate change (Khan et al. 2017). Biogas can help achieve
56
M. N. Anwar et al.