Windrows
The concept behind this process is turning of the pile periodically to enhance
bioremediation in the polluted soil. It may not be the best technique for bioremediation of toxic waste. One of the best features is application of sewage sludge,
vegetable sludge, and manure from cow; pigs, or even chicken can be used provided
the material is available in bulk.
There are some other processes like bioaugmentation (process in which specific
set of microorganisms are added to fasten the process of degradation in case of water
or soil treatment) and biostimulation (use of microbes designed to remove contamination applied in a medium to the waste).
A number of factors contribute to the process of microbial bioremediation. The
extent of effectiveness of bioremediation depends on the presence of microbial
population, presence of oxygen, presence of moisture content, presence of nutrients
like nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and other nutrients for good microbial growth,
presence of optimal temperature, and the result will be better in case of pH in the
range of 6.5–7.5.
Challenges Faced During Bioremediation
It has been found that cadmium and lead are among the concern which as it has been
found that they are difficult to degrade them using the process of bioremediation.
Impact of Bioremediation on the Nuclear Waste
In order to handle the nuclear waste the prominent approach includes usage of
Bioreactor and the process of composting.
8.5
Role of Different Microorganism
The role of microorganisms is undeniable the natural way of degradation and
cleaning of the environment (Rittmann 2006). It is this fact that led to focus on
more research on the treatment of contaminated soil, water via the process of
bioremediation. Efforts have been made so that maximum efficacy can be achieved
by making few changes in the genetic makeup or may be introducing selective
bacterial and fungal isolates to increase the pace of the degradation of hydrocarbons,
aromatic compounds, sewage sludge, heavy metal contamination, industrial waste,
petroleum related wastes, oil spills, and many more to be counted.
Among the major contaminants, polyaromatic hydrocarbons have been identified
as toxic due to their carcinogenic nature and mutagenic effect. These PAHs have
been found to contaminate the environment due to industrial activities, burning of
plastic wastes, due to transportation, burning of fuels, forest fires, and so on. In air,
PAHs are released in the form of particulate, in soil these are present as sediments, in
water the pollutant is found accumulated in the aquatic life forms, making it more
crucial to adapt effective measures like the process of bioremediation (Bisht et al.
2015; Chibwe et al. 2015).
8 Bioinformatics: A New Insight Tool to Deal with Environment Management
161
The concept behind this process is turning of the pile periodically to enhance
bioremediation in the polluted soil. It may not be the best technique for bioremediation of toxic waste. One of the best features is application of sewage sludge,
vegetable sludge, and manure from cow; pigs, or even chicken can be used provided
the material is available in bulk.
There are some other processes like bioaugmentation (process in which specific
set of microorganisms are added to fasten the process of degradation in case of water
or soil treatment) and biostimulation (use of microbes designed to remove contamination applied in a medium to the waste).
A number of factors contribute to the process of microbial bioremediation. The
extent of effectiveness of bioremediation depends on the presence of microbial
population, presence of oxygen, presence of moisture content, presence of nutrients
like nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and other nutrients for good microbial growth,
presence of optimal temperature, and the result will be better in case of pH in the
range of 6.5–7.5.
Challenges Faced During Bioremediation
It has been found that cadmium and lead are among the concern which as it has been
found that they are difficult to degrade them using the process of bioremediation.
Impact of Bioremediation on the Nuclear Waste
In order to handle the nuclear waste the prominent approach includes usage of
Bioreactor and the process of composting.
8.5
Role of Different Microorganism
The role of microorganisms is undeniable the natural way of degradation and
cleaning of the environment (Rittmann 2006). It is this fact that led to focus on
more research on the treatment of contaminated soil, water via the process of
bioremediation. Efforts have been made so that maximum efficacy can be achieved
by making few changes in the genetic makeup or may be introducing selective
bacterial and fungal isolates to increase the pace of the degradation of hydrocarbons,
aromatic compounds, sewage sludge, heavy metal contamination, industrial waste,
petroleum related wastes, oil spills, and many more to be counted.
Among the major contaminants, polyaromatic hydrocarbons have been identified
as toxic due to their carcinogenic nature and mutagenic effect. These PAHs have
been found to contaminate the environment due to industrial activities, burning of
plastic wastes, due to transportation, burning of fuels, forest fires, and so on. In air,
PAHs are released in the form of particulate, in soil these are present as sediments, in
water the pollutant is found accumulated in the aquatic life forms, making it more
crucial to adapt effective measures like the process of bioremediation (Bisht et al.
2015; Chibwe et al. 2015).
8 Bioinformatics: A New Insight Tool to Deal with Environment Management
161