35
state geological survey about the damage to landscapes resulting from the extensive
mining of this sand for fracking (Parsen and Zambito 2014). Manufactured ceramic
proppants are available as substitutes, but their cost is usually significantly higher
than natural sand. Most service companies only use the manufactured material in
special circumstances.
References
Ahmed, U., Abou-Sayed, A. S., Buchholdt, L. M., Jones, A. H., & Kozik, H. G. (1979). Massive
hydraulic fracture containment and productivity analyses of MEC Muse-Duke well #1. Report
prepared by Terra Tek and Mitchell Energy Corporation for the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. EG-78-C-08-1547, Morgantown, WV, 21 p.
Charpentier, R. R., & Cook, T. A. (2011). USGS methodology for assessing continuous petroleum
resources. U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2011–1167, 75 p.
Civan, F., & Devegowda, D. (2015). Comparison of shale permeability to gas determined by
pressure pulse transmission testing of core plugs and crushed samples: Paper 2154049. In
Proceedings of Unconventional Resources Technology Conference (URTeC), San Antonio,
TX, 20–22 July 2015. https://doi.org/10.15530/urtec-2015-2154049, 11 p.
Collett, T. S., Johnson, A. H., Knapp, C. C., & Boswell, R. (2009). Natural gas hydrates: A review.
In T. Collett, A. Johnson, C. Knapp, & R. Boswell (Eds.), Natural gas hydrates--energy
resource potential and associated geologic hazards (AAPG Memoir 89) (pp. 146–219). Tulsa,
OK: American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
Economides, M. J., & Nolte, K. G. (Eds.). (2000). Reservoir stimulation (3rd ed.). Chichester, UK,
Wiley: 856 p.
Engle, M. A., Rowan, E. L., Kraemer, T. F., & Doolan, C. (2011). Marcellus shale flowback waters:
Examination of solute and water sources. In American Association of Petroleum Geologists
eastern section meeting, September 25–27, Arlington, Virginia, Abstract.
Eschner, K. (2017). A civil war colonel invented fracking in the 1860s. Smithsonian Magazine,
April 25, 2017. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/civil-war-colonel-inventedfracking- 1860s-180962979/. Accessed 23 Mar, 2020.
Fisher, K. (2010). Data confirm safety of well fracturing. The American Oil and Gas Reporter,
July, 2010.
Freeze, R. A., & Cherry, J. A. (1979). Groundwater. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 604 p.
Hayes, T. (2009). Sampling and analysis of water streams associated with the development of
Marcellus shale gas. Gas Technology Institute, Chicago; final report for Marcellus Shale
Coalition, 49 p.
Josh, M., Esteban, L., Delle Piane, C., Sarout, J., Dewhurst, D. N., & Clennell, M. B. (2012).
Laboratory characterisation of shale properties. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,
88-89, 107–124.
Loucks, R. G., Reed, R. M., Ruppel, S. C., & Hammes, H. (2012). Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mudrock pores. American
Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 96, 1071–1098.
Maloney, K. O., & Yoxtheimer, D. A. (2012). Production and disposal of waste materials from gas
and oil extraction from the Marcellus shale play in Pennsylvania. Environmental Practice, 14,
278–287.
McMahon, P. B., Caldwell, R. R., Galloway, J. M., Valder, J. F., & Hunt, A. G. (2015). Quality and
age of shallow groundwater in the Bakken formation production area, Williston basin, Montana
and North Dakota. Groundwater, 53, 81–94.
McMahon, P. B., Kulongoski, J. T., Wright, M. T., Land, M. T., Landon, M. K., Cozzarelli, I. M.,
Vengosh, A., & Aiken, G. R. (2016). Preliminary results from exploratory sampling of wells for
References
state geological survey about the damage to landscapes resulting from the extensive
mining of this sand for fracking (Parsen and Zambito 2014). Manufactured ceramic
proppants are available as substitutes, but their cost is usually significantly higher
than natural sand. Most service companies only use the manufactured material in
special circumstances.
References
Ahmed, U., Abou-Sayed, A. S., Buchholdt, L. M., Jones, A. H., & Kozik, H. G. (1979). Massive
hydraulic fracture containment and productivity analyses of MEC Muse-Duke well #1. Report
prepared by Terra Tek and Mitchell Energy Corporation for the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. EG-78-C-08-1547, Morgantown, WV, 21 p.
Charpentier, R. R., & Cook, T. A. (2011). USGS methodology for assessing continuous petroleum
resources. U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2011–1167, 75 p.
Civan, F., & Devegowda, D. (2015). Comparison of shale permeability to gas determined by
pressure pulse transmission testing of core plugs and crushed samples: Paper 2154049. In
Proceedings of Unconventional Resources Technology Conference (URTeC), San Antonio,
TX, 20–22 July 2015. https://doi.org/10.15530/urtec-2015-2154049, 11 p.
Collett, T. S., Johnson, A. H., Knapp, C. C., & Boswell, R. (2009). Natural gas hydrates: A review.
In T. Collett, A. Johnson, C. Knapp, & R. Boswell (Eds.), Natural gas hydrates--energy
resource potential and associated geologic hazards (AAPG Memoir 89) (pp. 146–219). Tulsa,
OK: American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
Economides, M. J., & Nolte, K. G. (Eds.). (2000). Reservoir stimulation (3rd ed.). Chichester, UK,
Wiley: 856 p.
Engle, M. A., Rowan, E. L., Kraemer, T. F., & Doolan, C. (2011). Marcellus shale flowback waters:
Examination of solute and water sources. In American Association of Petroleum Geologists
eastern section meeting, September 25–27, Arlington, Virginia, Abstract.
Eschner, K. (2017). A civil war colonel invented fracking in the 1860s. Smithsonian Magazine,
April 25, 2017. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/civil-war-colonel-inventedfracking- 1860s-180962979/. Accessed 23 Mar, 2020.
Fisher, K. (2010). Data confirm safety of well fracturing. The American Oil and Gas Reporter,
July, 2010.
Freeze, R. A., & Cherry, J. A. (1979). Groundwater. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 604 p.
Hayes, T. (2009). Sampling and analysis of water streams associated with the development of
Marcellus shale gas. Gas Technology Institute, Chicago; final report for Marcellus Shale
Coalition, 49 p.
Josh, M., Esteban, L., Delle Piane, C., Sarout, J., Dewhurst, D. N., & Clennell, M. B. (2012).
Laboratory characterisation of shale properties. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,
88-89, 107–124.
Loucks, R. G., Reed, R. M., Ruppel, S. C., & Hammes, H. (2012). Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mudrock pores. American
Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 96, 1071–1098.
Maloney, K. O., & Yoxtheimer, D. A. (2012). Production and disposal of waste materials from gas
and oil extraction from the Marcellus shale play in Pennsylvania. Environmental Practice, 14,
278–287.
McMahon, P. B., Caldwell, R. R., Galloway, J. M., Valder, J. F., & Hunt, A. G. (2015). Quality and
age of shallow groundwater in the Bakken formation production area, Williston basin, Montana
and North Dakota. Groundwater, 53, 81–94.
McMahon, P. B., Kulongoski, J. T., Wright, M. T., Land, M. T., Landon, M. K., Cozzarelli, I. M.,
Vengosh, A., & Aiken, G. R. (2016). Preliminary results from exploratory sampling of wells for
References