318
S. Mannakkara
constraints of the local community based on comprehensive data (Mannakkara and
Wilkinson 2012a; Mannakkara et al. 2018). BBB findings state that traditional livelihoods need to be empowered and supported, and new livelihood options introduced
if appropriate, that make use of local resources and skills. The rebuilding process
should be coordinated with business recovery to fast-track infrastructure and service
access to businesses, and funding mechanisms need to be provided to support business recovery. Business and livelihood recovery needs to also be encouraged through
business advisory services, up-skilling people and putting in place initiatives to boost
the economy, create new jobs and attract residents and tourists.
17.5 Effective Implementation
Effective implementation in the BBB Framework includes selecting an appropriate
institutional mechanism, the use of legislation and regulation, and monitoring and
evaluation to ensure that recovery processes are productive and efficient. Firstly, it is
necessary to adopt an appropriate institutional mechanism to plan and implement the
recovery process. The institutional mechanism chosen needs to be locally suitable;
whether recovery requires the creation of a dedicated authority or utilises existing
government structures and the level of centralisation/decentralisation most fitting
for the community needs to be carefully considered (Mannakkara and Wilkinson
2015a). The recovery process has to facilitate coordination and collaboration between
the various stakeholders present in recovery efforts, include local councils and
grassroots-level input, consult experts, put in place an effective funding mechanism,
have a good information management system, have a well-formed transition strategy
to move out of recovery back to normal operations, and address many factors to
ensure BBB.
The second factor under Effective Implementation in the BBB Framework is
legislation and regulation. Legislation and regulation need to be used to enforce
BBB-based recovery through mechanisms such as building regulations and planning
regulations, as well as facilitate the recovery process by fast-tracking and simplifying processes (Mannakkara and Wilkinson 2013b). The final BBB component is
monitoring and evaluation, which needs to be put in place to ensure that BBB-based
initiatives are properly implemented, address ongoing recovery problems and obtain
lessons for the future (Clinton 2006; Wiles et al. 2005; Norio et al. 2011). It is important for recovery experiences to be retained and the knowledge transferred through
capacity building, education and training locally and internationally (Olsen et al.
2005; Mikko 2009).
BBB with its holistic, resilience-focused approach provides a good pathway for
reducing risks and adapting to climate change impacts through an all-of-community
approach. The BBB Framework addresses all the areas where a community needs
to adapt and build resilience to face known and unknown risks arising from climate
change, whether they are extreme disaster events or slow-creep events such as sealevel rise. The BBB concept is already used in pre-disaster planning as per the Sendai
S. Mannakkara
constraints of the local community based on comprehensive data (Mannakkara and
Wilkinson 2012a; Mannakkara et al. 2018). BBB findings state that traditional livelihoods need to be empowered and supported, and new livelihood options introduced
if appropriate, that make use of local resources and skills. The rebuilding process
should be coordinated with business recovery to fast-track infrastructure and service
access to businesses, and funding mechanisms need to be provided to support business recovery. Business and livelihood recovery needs to also be encouraged through
business advisory services, up-skilling people and putting in place initiatives to boost
the economy, create new jobs and attract residents and tourists.
17.5 Effective Implementation
Effective implementation in the BBB Framework includes selecting an appropriate
institutional mechanism, the use of legislation and regulation, and monitoring and
evaluation to ensure that recovery processes are productive and efficient. Firstly, it is
necessary to adopt an appropriate institutional mechanism to plan and implement the
recovery process. The institutional mechanism chosen needs to be locally suitable;
whether recovery requires the creation of a dedicated authority or utilises existing
government structures and the level of centralisation/decentralisation most fitting
for the community needs to be carefully considered (Mannakkara and Wilkinson
2015a). The recovery process has to facilitate coordination and collaboration between
the various stakeholders present in recovery efforts, include local councils and
grassroots-level input, consult experts, put in place an effective funding mechanism,
have a good information management system, have a well-formed transition strategy
to move out of recovery back to normal operations, and address many factors to
ensure BBB.
The second factor under Effective Implementation in the BBB Framework is
legislation and regulation. Legislation and regulation need to be used to enforce
BBB-based recovery through mechanisms such as building regulations and planning
regulations, as well as facilitate the recovery process by fast-tracking and simplifying processes (Mannakkara and Wilkinson 2013b). The final BBB component is
monitoring and evaluation, which needs to be put in place to ensure that BBB-based
initiatives are properly implemented, address ongoing recovery problems and obtain
lessons for the future (Clinton 2006; Wiles et al. 2005; Norio et al. 2011). It is important for recovery experiences to be retained and the knowledge transferred through
capacity building, education and training locally and internationally (Olsen et al.
2005; Mikko 2009).
BBB with its holistic, resilience-focused approach provides a good pathway for
reducing risks and adapting to climate change impacts through an all-of-community
approach. The BBB Framework addresses all the areas where a community needs
to adapt and build resilience to face known and unknown risks arising from climate
change, whether they are extreme disaster events or slow-creep events such as sealevel rise. The BBB concept is already used in pre-disaster planning as per the Sendai