soils and creating legends for soil maps. World Soil Resources
Reports No. 106, FAO, Rome
IUSS Working Group WRB (2015) World reference base for soil resources
2014. Update 2015. World Soil Resources Reports No. 103. FAO,
Rome
Iwata S, Koaze T (2001) Mountain Landforms of the Japanese Islands.
In: Yonekura N, Kaizuka S, Nogami M, Chinzei K (eds) Regional
Geomorphology of the Japan Islands Vol.1 Introduction to Japanese
Geomorphology, pp 131–177. University of Tokyo Press(in
Japanese)
Iwatsuki K, Yamazaki T, Bufford DE, Ohba H (eds) (1998) Flora of
Japan. Kodansha, Tokyo
Japan Association for Quaternary Research (ed) (1987) Quaternary
Maps of Japan. University of Tokyo Press. Tokyo.(in Japanese)
Japan Meteorological Agency (2017) Global Warming Prediction
Information Vol 9, http://www.data.jma.go.jp/cpdinfo/GWP/Vol9/
pdf/02.pdf (May 2018)
Japan Meteorological Agency (2018) Mesh normal year value map,
http://www.data. jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/atlas.html (May,
2018)
Kaizuka S (1972) Macro-landforms of island arc and plate tectonics.
Kagaku 42:573–581 (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S (1977) Landforms of Japan: characteristics and origin.
Iwanami Shoten, Publishers, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S (1988) Landform classification of Japan and its surroundings. Monthly Earth (Gekkan Chikyu) 10:99–101 (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S (1992) Reading of coast and plain. Iwanami Shoten,
Publishers, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S, Chinzei K (eds) (1995) Nature of the Japan Islands, vol 2.
Iwanami Shoten, Publishers. Tokyo, Mountains of Japan (New
edition) (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S, Koike K, Endo K, Yamazaki H, Suzuki T (eds) (2000)
Regional Geomorphology of the Japan Islands, vol 4. Geomorphology of Kanto and Izu-Ogasawara. University of Tokyo Press,
Tokyo (in Japanese)
Kaneko S, Akieda N, Naito F, Tamai K, HiranoY (2007) Nitrogen
budget in a rehabilitation forest on degraded granitic hills. J For Res
12:38–44
Kato M, Ebihara J (2011) Endemic plants of Japan. Tokai University
Press, Kanagawa Prefecture
Katsuki T, Luscombe D, Farjon A (2013) Sciadopitys verticillata.
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013. e.
T34111A2846623.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.
RLTS.T34111A2846623.en. Accessed 28 Sep 2018
Kawamuro K, Torii A (1986) Difference in past vegetation between
black soils and brown forest soils derived from volcanic ash at Mt.
Kurohime, Nagano Pref. Japan. The Quaternary Research 25:81–98
(in Japanese)
Kimura G, Hashimoto Y, Kitamura Y, Yamaguchi A, Koge H (2014)
Middle Miocene swift migration of the TTT triple junction and
rapid crustal growth in southwest Japan: A review. Tectonics
33:1219–1238
Kira T (1949) Forest zones of Japan. Ringyo Gizyutu Kyokai, Tokyo
(in Japanese)
Kira T (1977) A climatological interpretation of Japanese vegetation
zones. In: Miyawaki A, Tüxen R (eds) Vegetation Science and
Environmental Protection. Maruzen, Tokyo, pp 21–30
Kondo R (2010) Graphic chart of opal phytoliths: Introduction to opal
phytolith science by scanning electron microscope photographs.
Hokkaido University Press, Sapporo (in Japanese)
Konishi K, Omura A, Nakamichi O (1974) Radiometric coral ages and
sea level records from the late Quaternary reef complexes of the
Ryukyu Islands. Proceedings 2nd International Coral Reef Symposium. Australia, pp 595–613
Kumada K (1987) Chemistry of soil organic matter. Japan Scientific
Press-Elsevier, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Kuno H (1966) Lateral variation of basalt magma type across
continental margins and island arcs. Bull Volc 29:195–222
Kyuma K (1985) Soil temperature regime of Japanese soils. Soil Sci
Plant Nutr 31:43–468
Lisiecki LE, Raymo ME (2005) A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57
globally distributed benthic records. Paleoceanography, 20,
PA1003, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004pa001071
Machida H (1977) Story of tephra: Natural history of volcano and
plains. Sojyu-Syobo, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Machida H (2002) Volcanoes and tephra in the Japan area. Global
Environmental Research 6:290–305
Machida H (2009) Perspectives from Paleoclimate Studies. In Japan
Association for Quaternary Research (ed) Digital book: Progress in
Quaternary Research, pp 3-3-3-49 (in Japanese)
Machida H, Chinzei K (2001) Historical geomorphology of the
Japanese Islands. In Yonekura, N., Kaizuka, S., Nogami, M.,
Chinzei, K. (eds) Regional Geomorphology of the Japan Islands
Vol 1 Introduction to Japanese Geomorphology, pp 297–322.
University of Tokyo Press (in Japanese)
Machida H, Matsuda T, Umitsu M, Koizumi T (eds) (2006) Regional
Geomorphology of the Japan Islands, vol 5. Geomorphology of
Chubu Region. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Machida H, Suzuki M, Miyazaki A (1971) Chronology of the
preceramic age in South Kanto with special reference to
tephrochronology, radiocarbon dating and obsidian dating. The
Quaternary Research (Daiyonki-Kenkyu), 10:1–14. (in Japanese
with English summary)
Matsuda T, Kikkawa M (2001) Distribution of M 5 shallow
earthquakes and active faults on the Japanese islands. Active Fault
Research(Katsudanso-Kenkyu), 20:1–22.(in Japanese with English
summary)
Matsui T (1988) Introduction to Soil Geography, p 316, Tsukiji
Shokan, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
Matsui T (2001) Distribution of major soil type. In: Asami S (ed) Soil
Geography, pp 24, Kokonshoin, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
Matsugi T (2007) A collection of Japanese history 1. A story of the
creation of the archipelago, Shogakukan Inc, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Matsui H, Tada R, Oba T (1998) Low-salinity isolation event in the
Japan Sea in resoponse to eustatic sea-level drop during LGM
reconstruction based on salinity-balance model. The Quaternary
Research (Daiyonki-Kenkyu), 37:221–233. (in Japanese with
English summary)
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery (2017) Statistical
Information. http://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/index.html (in Japanese)
Ministry of Land, Transport and Tourism (2018) White Paper on Land in
Japan,2018. http://www.mlit.go.jp/statistics/file000006.html(in Japanese). Accessed 28 Sep 2018
Miura H (2017) Ice sheets and Landforms. In Koike, K. et al.
(eds) Encyclopedia of Physical Geography, pp. 290–291.(in
Japanese)
Miura H, Hirakawa K (1995) Origin of fossil periglacial wedges in
northern and eastern Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Geography
(Chigaku Zasshi) 104:189–224 (in Japanese with English summary)
Mizota C, Inoue K (1988) Oxygen isotope composition of eolian quartz
and sediments-its significance as a tracer of eolian components-.
Clay Science(Nendo Kagaku), 28:38-54.(in Japanese with English
summary)
Mizota C, Matsuhisa Y (1985) Eolian additions to soils and sediments
of Japan. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 31:369–382
Mizuno T, Horie K, Nosaka S, Obata H, Mizuno N (2009) Serpentine
plants in Hokkaido and their chemical characteristics. Northeastern
Naturalist 16(special volume 5):65–80
2 Soil-Forming Factors
49
Reports No. 106, FAO, Rome
IUSS Working Group WRB (2015) World reference base for soil resources
2014. Update 2015. World Soil Resources Reports No. 103. FAO,
Rome
Iwata S, Koaze T (2001) Mountain Landforms of the Japanese Islands.
In: Yonekura N, Kaizuka S, Nogami M, Chinzei K (eds) Regional
Geomorphology of the Japan Islands Vol.1 Introduction to Japanese
Geomorphology, pp 131–177. University of Tokyo Press(in
Japanese)
Iwatsuki K, Yamazaki T, Bufford DE, Ohba H (eds) (1998) Flora of
Japan. Kodansha, Tokyo
Japan Association for Quaternary Research (ed) (1987) Quaternary
Maps of Japan. University of Tokyo Press. Tokyo.(in Japanese)
Japan Meteorological Agency (2017) Global Warming Prediction
Information Vol 9, http://www.data.jma.go.jp/cpdinfo/GWP/Vol9/
pdf/02.pdf (May 2018)
Japan Meteorological Agency (2018) Mesh normal year value map,
http://www.data. jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/atlas.html (May,
2018)
Kaizuka S (1972) Macro-landforms of island arc and plate tectonics.
Kagaku 42:573–581 (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S (1977) Landforms of Japan: characteristics and origin.
Iwanami Shoten, Publishers, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S (1988) Landform classification of Japan and its surroundings. Monthly Earth (Gekkan Chikyu) 10:99–101 (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S (1992) Reading of coast and plain. Iwanami Shoten,
Publishers, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S, Chinzei K (eds) (1995) Nature of the Japan Islands, vol 2.
Iwanami Shoten, Publishers. Tokyo, Mountains of Japan (New
edition) (in Japanese)
Kaizuka S, Koike K, Endo K, Yamazaki H, Suzuki T (eds) (2000)
Regional Geomorphology of the Japan Islands, vol 4. Geomorphology of Kanto and Izu-Ogasawara. University of Tokyo Press,
Tokyo (in Japanese)
Kaneko S, Akieda N, Naito F, Tamai K, HiranoY (2007) Nitrogen
budget in a rehabilitation forest on degraded granitic hills. J For Res
12:38–44
Kato M, Ebihara J (2011) Endemic plants of Japan. Tokai University
Press, Kanagawa Prefecture
Katsuki T, Luscombe D, Farjon A (2013) Sciadopitys verticillata.
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013. e.
T34111A2846623.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.
RLTS.T34111A2846623.en. Accessed 28 Sep 2018
Kawamuro K, Torii A (1986) Difference in past vegetation between
black soils and brown forest soils derived from volcanic ash at Mt.
Kurohime, Nagano Pref. Japan. The Quaternary Research 25:81–98
(in Japanese)
Kimura G, Hashimoto Y, Kitamura Y, Yamaguchi A, Koge H (2014)
Middle Miocene swift migration of the TTT triple junction and
rapid crustal growth in southwest Japan: A review. Tectonics
33:1219–1238
Kira T (1949) Forest zones of Japan. Ringyo Gizyutu Kyokai, Tokyo
(in Japanese)
Kira T (1977) A climatological interpretation of Japanese vegetation
zones. In: Miyawaki A, Tüxen R (eds) Vegetation Science and
Environmental Protection. Maruzen, Tokyo, pp 21–30
Kondo R (2010) Graphic chart of opal phytoliths: Introduction to opal
phytolith science by scanning electron microscope photographs.
Hokkaido University Press, Sapporo (in Japanese)
Konishi K, Omura A, Nakamichi O (1974) Radiometric coral ages and
sea level records from the late Quaternary reef complexes of the
Ryukyu Islands. Proceedings 2nd International Coral Reef Symposium. Australia, pp 595–613
Kumada K (1987) Chemistry of soil organic matter. Japan Scientific
Press-Elsevier, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Kuno H (1966) Lateral variation of basalt magma type across
continental margins and island arcs. Bull Volc 29:195–222
Kyuma K (1985) Soil temperature regime of Japanese soils. Soil Sci
Plant Nutr 31:43–468
Lisiecki LE, Raymo ME (2005) A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57
globally distributed benthic records. Paleoceanography, 20,
PA1003, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004pa001071
Machida H (1977) Story of tephra: Natural history of volcano and
plains. Sojyu-Syobo, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Machida H (2002) Volcanoes and tephra in the Japan area. Global
Environmental Research 6:290–305
Machida H (2009) Perspectives from Paleoclimate Studies. In Japan
Association for Quaternary Research (ed) Digital book: Progress in
Quaternary Research, pp 3-3-3-49 (in Japanese)
Machida H, Chinzei K (2001) Historical geomorphology of the
Japanese Islands. In Yonekura, N., Kaizuka, S., Nogami, M.,
Chinzei, K. (eds) Regional Geomorphology of the Japan Islands
Vol 1 Introduction to Japanese Geomorphology, pp 297–322.
University of Tokyo Press (in Japanese)
Machida H, Matsuda T, Umitsu M, Koizumi T (eds) (2006) Regional
Geomorphology of the Japan Islands, vol 5. Geomorphology of
Chubu Region. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Machida H, Suzuki M, Miyazaki A (1971) Chronology of the
preceramic age in South Kanto with special reference to
tephrochronology, radiocarbon dating and obsidian dating. The
Quaternary Research (Daiyonki-Kenkyu), 10:1–14. (in Japanese
with English summary)
Matsuda T, Kikkawa M (2001) Distribution of M 5 shallow
earthquakes and active faults on the Japanese islands. Active Fault
Research(Katsudanso-Kenkyu), 20:1–22.(in Japanese with English
summary)
Matsui T (1988) Introduction to Soil Geography, p 316, Tsukiji
Shokan, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
Matsui T (2001) Distribution of major soil type. In: Asami S (ed) Soil
Geography, pp 24, Kokonshoin, Tokyo. (in Japanese)
Matsugi T (2007) A collection of Japanese history 1. A story of the
creation of the archipelago, Shogakukan Inc, Tokyo (in Japanese)
Matsui H, Tada R, Oba T (1998) Low-salinity isolation event in the
Japan Sea in resoponse to eustatic sea-level drop during LGM
reconstruction based on salinity-balance model. The Quaternary
Research (Daiyonki-Kenkyu), 37:221–233. (in Japanese with
English summary)
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery (2017) Statistical
Information. http://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/index.html (in Japanese)
Ministry of Land, Transport and Tourism (2018) White Paper on Land in
Japan,2018. http://www.mlit.go.jp/statistics/file000006.html(in Japanese). Accessed 28 Sep 2018
Miura H (2017) Ice sheets and Landforms. In Koike, K. et al.
(eds) Encyclopedia of Physical Geography, pp. 290–291.(in
Japanese)
Miura H, Hirakawa K (1995) Origin of fossil periglacial wedges in
northern and eastern Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Geography
(Chigaku Zasshi) 104:189–224 (in Japanese with English summary)
Mizota C, Inoue K (1988) Oxygen isotope composition of eolian quartz
and sediments-its significance as a tracer of eolian components-.
Clay Science(Nendo Kagaku), 28:38-54.(in Japanese with English
summary)
Mizota C, Matsuhisa Y (1985) Eolian additions to soils and sediments
of Japan. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 31:369–382
Mizuno T, Horie K, Nosaka S, Obata H, Mizuno N (2009) Serpentine
plants in Hokkaido and their chemical characteristics. Northeastern
Naturalist 16(special volume 5):65–80
2 Soil-Forming Factors
49