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Emergency could lead to physical exposure (e.g. flood, earthquake, riots),
chemical exposure (e.g. release of agro-chemicals, accidental explosion of chemical
storage), biological exposure (e.g. contamination of water supply by sewage, accidental release of hazardous micro-organisms from laboratory) in summary emergency preparedness involve following key steps.
• Evaluation of risks
• Identification of risks
• Monitoring risk performance
• Resourcing controls and planning
• Responding to major risks
• Reviewing the risk management
Principles of Emergency Management (FEMA 2007) are:
1. Comprehensive – should consider account of all phases, all hazards, all impacts
and all stakeholders relevant to the disasters.
2. Progressive – should anticipate future disasters.
3. Risk-driven – should identify hazard, analyse risk and impact in assigning
resources and priorities.
4. Integrated – should ensure integration among all levels in governance, as well as
all elements of a community.
5. Collaborative –should create and sustain relationships among individuals and
organizations.
6. Coordinated – should synchronize the activities of all relevant stakeholders.
7. Flexible – should use creative and innovative approaches.
8. Professional – should value a science and knowledge-based approach.
10.2 Mitigation Strategy
People should be encouraged to identify the hazards, their vulnerability and in planning their preparedness for a disaster (Wisner and Adams 2002). Ninety-five of all
loss of life caused due to disasters in 1993–2013 have occurred in developing
nations. From 1982 to 2012, disasters killed 1.3 million people, affected 4.4 billion
people and resulted in material losses to the tune of $2 trillion (Maurice 2013).
Considering the past episodes, the objectives of disaster prevention and mitigation
strategy should be to (Fig. 10.1):
• Decrease economic disturbance
• Reduce probability/intensity of conflict
• Reduce susceptibility/raise capacity
• Save life of people
10 Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Management
Emergency could lead to physical exposure (e.g. flood, earthquake, riots),
chemical exposure (e.g. release of agro-chemicals, accidental explosion of chemical
storage), biological exposure (e.g. contamination of water supply by sewage, accidental release of hazardous micro-organisms from laboratory) in summary emergency preparedness involve following key steps.
• Evaluation of risks
• Identification of risks
• Monitoring risk performance
• Resourcing controls and planning
• Responding to major risks
• Reviewing the risk management
Principles of Emergency Management (FEMA 2007) are:
1. Comprehensive – should consider account of all phases, all hazards, all impacts
and all stakeholders relevant to the disasters.
2. Progressive – should anticipate future disasters.
3. Risk-driven – should identify hazard, analyse risk and impact in assigning
resources and priorities.
4. Integrated – should ensure integration among all levels in governance, as well as
all elements of a community.
5. Collaborative –should create and sustain relationships among individuals and
organizations.
6. Coordinated – should synchronize the activities of all relevant stakeholders.
7. Flexible – should use creative and innovative approaches.
8. Professional – should value a science and knowledge-based approach.
10.2 Mitigation Strategy
People should be encouraged to identify the hazards, their vulnerability and in planning their preparedness for a disaster (Wisner and Adams 2002). Ninety-five of all
loss of life caused due to disasters in 1993–2013 have occurred in developing
nations. From 1982 to 2012, disasters killed 1.3 million people, affected 4.4 billion
people and resulted in material losses to the tune of $2 trillion (Maurice 2013).
Considering the past episodes, the objectives of disaster prevention and mitigation
strategy should be to (Fig. 10.1):
• Decrease economic disturbance
• Reduce probability/intensity of conflict
• Reduce susceptibility/raise capacity
• Save life of people
10 Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Management