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Transportation has both health costs and benefits. The health benefits of a good
transportation infrastructure include minimizing accidents, connecting sick people
to health care establishments and shipping medical aid. The health impact from
ineffective and faulty transportation can result in accidents besides pollution. A benefit of transportation on health needs to be judged by assessment beyond costeffectiveness comparisons.
9.3 Communication
Communication technology has seen a paradigm shift over the years. The requirement for information technology for enhancing the safety and quality of health care
is massive (Institute of Medicine 1991, 1997, 2001). A good communication infrastructure can reduce the need for transportation and the related pollution.
The proper use of information and communications technology (ICT) can benefit
human health within a community by providing updated information of waste generation, pollution, spatial distribution of health-care establishments, weather forecasting and others, to make necessary decisions and provide warning to public in
case of emergencies and awareness to enhance the quality of human health.
The health-care management within a health-care establishment and network
comprises complex processes that include the following:
• Treating or diagnosing a patient’s problem
• Receiving as well as acting on the results of diagnosis from:
– Laboratory
– Radiology
– Other diagnostic tests
• Communicating to patients about the results
• Monitoring patient progress and follow-up
Communication among clinicians and patients is critical and also public health
administrators and citizens.
The need for proper communication infrastructure should include communication for the following:
• Making ambulances available to help critically ill patients
• Enforcing agency in case of fire and other disasters
• Mobilizing of resources by the concerned authorities at the time of disasters
• Providing warning to citizens at the time of natural calamities
• Warning citizens about the pollution level in the environment
Communication has both health costs and benefits. The health benefits of a good
communication infrastructure include information on health care and emergency
preparedness. Health impacts from an ineffective and faulty communication
infrastructure can result in loss of life. The benefit of communication on health
needs to be judged by assessment beyond cost-effectiveness comparisons.
9 Building and Changing Infrastructure
Transportation has both health costs and benefits. The health benefits of a good
transportation infrastructure include minimizing accidents, connecting sick people
to health care establishments and shipping medical aid. The health impact from
ineffective and faulty transportation can result in accidents besides pollution. A benefit of transportation on health needs to be judged by assessment beyond costeffectiveness comparisons.
9.3 Communication
Communication technology has seen a paradigm shift over the years. The requirement for information technology for enhancing the safety and quality of health care
is massive (Institute of Medicine 1991, 1997, 2001). A good communication infrastructure can reduce the need for transportation and the related pollution.
The proper use of information and communications technology (ICT) can benefit
human health within a community by providing updated information of waste generation, pollution, spatial distribution of health-care establishments, weather forecasting and others, to make necessary decisions and provide warning to public in
case of emergencies and awareness to enhance the quality of human health.
The health-care management within a health-care establishment and network
comprises complex processes that include the following:
• Treating or diagnosing a patient’s problem
• Receiving as well as acting on the results of diagnosis from:
– Laboratory
– Radiology
– Other diagnostic tests
• Communicating to patients about the results
• Monitoring patient progress and follow-up
Communication among clinicians and patients is critical and also public health
administrators and citizens.
The need for proper communication infrastructure should include communication for the following:
• Making ambulances available to help critically ill patients
• Enforcing agency in case of fire and other disasters
• Mobilizing of resources by the concerned authorities at the time of disasters
• Providing warning to citizens at the time of natural calamities
• Warning citizens about the pollution level in the environment
Communication has both health costs and benefits. The health benefits of a good
communication infrastructure include information on health care and emergency
preparedness. Health impacts from an ineffective and faulty communication
infrastructure can result in loss of life. The benefit of communication on health
needs to be judged by assessment beyond cost-effectiveness comparisons.
9 Building and Changing Infrastructure