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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
R. Chandrappa, D. B. Das, Environmental Health - Theory and Practice,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64484-0_9
Chapter 9
Building and Changing Infrastructure
Abstract nvironmental health of a region depends on the infrastructure of the
region. Human health depends on the built environment. The absence of suitable
infrastructure has been the cause of many diseases due to pollution, contamination
and injury. However, the acceleration of infrastructure development can accelerate
resource consumption, land degradation and pollution. The effect of urbanization
includes violent crimes, infectious diseases and drug abuse, in addition to motor
vehicle accidents. Urban centres can act as catalysts for speedy increase of infectious ailments due to large population in a limited area that give the ideal conditions
for various epidemics. Poor urban planning and limited capacity to meet the needs
and expectations of a fast-growing population result in the development of shantytowns and slums. This chapter discusses the theory and practice of environmental
health outcomes associated with building and changing infrastructure.
9.1 Introduction
Environmental health of a region depends on the infrastructure of the region. Human
health depends on the built environment, which determines the following:
• Access to health
• Air quality
• Bio-safety
• Climate change adaptation
• Disaster preparedness
• Exposure to ionizing radiation
• Food safety
• Hazardous materials
• Housing
• Land-use planning
• Noise pollution
• Occupational health
• Recreation
• Safe drinking water
• Soil pollution
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
R. Chandrappa, D. B. Das, Environmental Health - Theory and Practice,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64484-0_9
Chapter 9
Building and Changing Infrastructure
Abstract nvironmental health of a region depends on the infrastructure of the
region. Human health depends on the built environment. The absence of suitable
infrastructure has been the cause of many diseases due to pollution, contamination
and injury. However, the acceleration of infrastructure development can accelerate
resource consumption, land degradation and pollution. The effect of urbanization
includes violent crimes, infectious diseases and drug abuse, in addition to motor
vehicle accidents. Urban centres can act as catalysts for speedy increase of infectious ailments due to large population in a limited area that give the ideal conditions
for various epidemics. Poor urban planning and limited capacity to meet the needs
and expectations of a fast-growing population result in the development of shantytowns and slums. This chapter discusses the theory and practice of environmental
health outcomes associated with building and changing infrastructure.
9.1 Introduction
Environmental health of a region depends on the infrastructure of the region. Human
health depends on the built environment, which determines the following:
• Access to health
• Air quality
• Bio-safety
• Climate change adaptation
• Disaster preparedness
• Exposure to ionizing radiation
• Food safety
• Hazardous materials
• Housing
• Land-use planning
• Noise pollution
• Occupational health
• Recreation
• Safe drinking water
• Soil pollution