7 Resilience of Coastal Cities in Facing Climate Change: Reclamation …
145
The study of climate change impacts is important to enrich regional climate studies
and climate change policy, particularly to Indonesia where its sea is a two-third of its
mainland. Social resilience will be achieved if communities’ adaptation capacity is
growing stronger in coping with climate change challenges. Community involvement
is a key to resolve negative impacts of coastal development and marginalized process
of the poor in coastal areas. In the last two years, communities living in coastal
areas in Indonesia reached 60% of total population. This condition makes them
more vulnerable to disaster threats, for instance, flooding and tsunami waves. The
key to people’s prosperity in coastal areas is implementing inclusive development
which integrates development and its process with communities’ participation in
surrounding areas, because inclusive development is an approach that attempts to
include marginalized groups and inaccessible areas with development process or
socially exclusion.
Communities living in coastal areas should implement certain strategy, notably
in managing sea and coastal resources, as follows:
1. Adaptation strategy should be integrated with coastal cities development,
particularly in spatial planning
2. Mainstreaming a long-term adaptation in all programs of urban and coastal
planning and everyone is involved in development process or called social
inclusion.
Moreover, it shows that community participation in development and rehabilitation of marine and coastal areas is urgently needed. If we enable to develop marine and
coastal areas along with its natural resources productively, efficiently, inclusively, and
eco-friendly, we may solve the main nation’s problems. By advocating marine issues,
the government of Indonesia has a huge concern, referring to Joko Widodo’s vision
on maritime sector. There are five groups of policy and main programs as follows:
(a) protecting sovereignty of the Unitary State of Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) by
securing sea borders, (b) ending illegal fishing and other illegal marine activities, (c)
the development of marine economic sector, (d) to preserve marine resources, (e) to
build capacity development of knowledge and technology and enhancing national
maritime culture.
Indonesia as one archipelagic nation has a three-fourths of its territories covered
with sea, enriched with natural resources, a huge environmental services, and its
marine economy and all can be transformed into a competitive superiority and a
new economic growth. Based on these reasons, it is an excellent vision made by
President Joko Widodo to prioritize marine economy development and Indonesia’s
vision as global maritime axis. Moreover, maritime axis policy is an approach to
make Indonesia more advanced, prosperous, and sovereign nation based on marine
economy, defense or security affairs, and marine cultures.
In order to rehabilitate two places being studied of sea and coastal areas, there
are three points that should be implemented by activists who are against reclamation
and Governors in two regions:
1. Governors should make immediate correspondence with President Joko Widodo
to cancel (or to revise at least) Presidential Regulation No. 51 in 2014, that refers
145
The study of climate change impacts is important to enrich regional climate studies
and climate change policy, particularly to Indonesia where its sea is a two-third of its
mainland. Social resilience will be achieved if communities’ adaptation capacity is
growing stronger in coping with climate change challenges. Community involvement
is a key to resolve negative impacts of coastal development and marginalized process
of the poor in coastal areas. In the last two years, communities living in coastal
areas in Indonesia reached 60% of total population. This condition makes them
more vulnerable to disaster threats, for instance, flooding and tsunami waves. The
key to people’s prosperity in coastal areas is implementing inclusive development
which integrates development and its process with communities’ participation in
surrounding areas, because inclusive development is an approach that attempts to
include marginalized groups and inaccessible areas with development process or
socially exclusion.
Communities living in coastal areas should implement certain strategy, notably
in managing sea and coastal resources, as follows:
1. Adaptation strategy should be integrated with coastal cities development,
particularly in spatial planning
2. Mainstreaming a long-term adaptation in all programs of urban and coastal
planning and everyone is involved in development process or called social
inclusion.
Moreover, it shows that community participation in development and rehabilitation of marine and coastal areas is urgently needed. If we enable to develop marine and
coastal areas along with its natural resources productively, efficiently, inclusively, and
eco-friendly, we may solve the main nation’s problems. By advocating marine issues,
the government of Indonesia has a huge concern, referring to Joko Widodo’s vision
on maritime sector. There are five groups of policy and main programs as follows:
(a) protecting sovereignty of the Unitary State of Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) by
securing sea borders, (b) ending illegal fishing and other illegal marine activities, (c)
the development of marine economic sector, (d) to preserve marine resources, (e) to
build capacity development of knowledge and technology and enhancing national
maritime culture.
Indonesia as one archipelagic nation has a three-fourths of its territories covered
with sea, enriched with natural resources, a huge environmental services, and its
marine economy and all can be transformed into a competitive superiority and a
new economic growth. Based on these reasons, it is an excellent vision made by
President Joko Widodo to prioritize marine economy development and Indonesia’s
vision as global maritime axis. Moreover, maritime axis policy is an approach to
make Indonesia more advanced, prosperous, and sovereign nation based on marine
economy, defense or security affairs, and marine cultures.
In order to rehabilitate two places being studied of sea and coastal areas, there
are three points that should be implemented by activists who are against reclamation
and Governors in two regions:
1. Governors should make immediate correspondence with President Joko Widodo
to cancel (or to revise at least) Presidential Regulation No. 51 in 2014, that refers