6 Engagement of Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises …
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afraid to lose their customers to competitors in China or Vietnam. Disrupted distribution channels concern particularly firms in Jakarta because of more severe flood
events than in Semarang where the shipping is mostly practicable during tidal floods.
However, the salty water from the tidal floods corrodes the vehicles or machines of
firms more often in Semarang (e.g., SM-1). Hence, enterprises face additional costs
by replacing or repairing their assets.
SMEs’ Individual Adaptation Measures
This section presents the chosen individual adaptation measures and highlights the
deficiencies that the SMEs have to face. The analysis triangulates the insights from the
in-depth interviews and the survey. The results of the survey give a general overview
of the different forms of adaptation measures, while the interviews provide deeper
insights on lacking resources and competencies to implement an effective flood risk
reduction.
The survey shows that the vast majority of enterprises (80.8%) applies adaptation measures. The share of adapting enterprises is considerably higher in Semarang
(85.0%) than in Jakarta (76.7%). Taking a closer look at the type of adaptation,
it can be shown that elevating the plant or the access street of the facilities is by
far the most widespread measure (80.6%). Due to a higher exposure to land subsidence and tidal floods, firms in Semarang more often (86.5%) elevated their plant
than the ones in Jakarta (73.9%). Interestingly, community-based clean-up activities, as a soft measure, is the second most applied measure. The share of enterprises
doing community-based cleaning is considerably higher in Jakarta (50.0%) than in
Semarang (34.6%). In the interviews, the enterprises stated that cleaning the neighborhood is far more often undertaken after a large flood event took place than regularly to prevent clogged rivers or canals. This happens particularly in Jakarta, where
riverine flooding causes severe inundation. As displayed in Fig. 6.3, all other options
Fig. 6.3 Adaptation measures of small and medium-sized enterprises (n = 120). Source own survey
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afraid to lose their customers to competitors in China or Vietnam. Disrupted distribution channels concern particularly firms in Jakarta because of more severe flood
events than in Semarang where the shipping is mostly practicable during tidal floods.
However, the salty water from the tidal floods corrodes the vehicles or machines of
firms more often in Semarang (e.g., SM-1). Hence, enterprises face additional costs
by replacing or repairing their assets.
SMEs’ Individual Adaptation Measures
This section presents the chosen individual adaptation measures and highlights the
deficiencies that the SMEs have to face. The analysis triangulates the insights from the
in-depth interviews and the survey. The results of the survey give a general overview
of the different forms of adaptation measures, while the interviews provide deeper
insights on lacking resources and competencies to implement an effective flood risk
reduction.
The survey shows that the vast majority of enterprises (80.8%) applies adaptation measures. The share of adapting enterprises is considerably higher in Semarang
(85.0%) than in Jakarta (76.7%). Taking a closer look at the type of adaptation,
it can be shown that elevating the plant or the access street of the facilities is by
far the most widespread measure (80.6%). Due to a higher exposure to land subsidence and tidal floods, firms in Semarang more often (86.5%) elevated their plant
than the ones in Jakarta (73.9%). Interestingly, community-based clean-up activities, as a soft measure, is the second most applied measure. The share of enterprises
doing community-based cleaning is considerably higher in Jakarta (50.0%) than in
Semarang (34.6%). In the interviews, the enterprises stated that cleaning the neighborhood is far more often undertaken after a large flood event took place than regularly to prevent clogged rivers or canals. This happens particularly in Jakarta, where
riverine flooding causes severe inundation. As displayed in Fig. 6.3, all other options
Fig. 6.3 Adaptation measures of small and medium-sized enterprises (n = 120). Source own survey