ancillary services by increasing power output or
reducing power loads.
Increasingly mature microgrid technologies
enable the integration of renewable energy,
which reduces the use of fossil fuel generation
and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. Flexible
and parallel operation of the microgrid with the
public grid enables peak shaving and better use
of grid equipment. Developed countries have
carried out in-depth research on microgrid
Fig. 31 Typical AMI architecture. Source EPRI, Advanced Metering Infrastructure, 2007, p. 1
Fig. 32 Configuration and functions of advanced distribution automation. Source Distribution Automation,
http://ruggedcom.net.ua/applications/electric-utilities/da.html
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S. Zifeng and N. Dickens