Fig. 33
Timeline of action plans under strategic pathway: reform
the IEA to make it more representative, effective
and relevant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637
Fig. 34
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
harmonise global energy and climate governance to
facilitate the transition to a low-carbon, energy-secure
future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
Fig. 35
Investment requirement in energy, 2015–30 ($ trillion,
constant 2010 dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640
Fig. 36
Global investment in energy supply by fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . 641
Fig. 37
EU ETS non-linked: energy emission leakage peaks
at 16% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642
Fig. 38
EU-China ETS linked: energy emission leakage peaks
at 8.5% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643
Fig. 39
Estimates for global fossil-fuel consumption subsidies
and subsidies for renewables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643
Fig. 40
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
collaborating with G20 states to support the development
and adoption of FSB TCFD energy sector
recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645
Fig. 41
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
global phase-out of fossil fuel subsidies and establishing
carbon pricing mechanisms fit for a low-carbon,
energy-secure system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646
Fig. 42
Recommendations for incremental resource governance
improvements by the Chatham House New Petroleum
Producers Discussion Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648
Fig. 43
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
multilateral coordination of phasing down high-carbon
FDI and development support, and enhancing
best practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650
Fig. 44
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
cooperation strategies with developing countries, MDBs
and climate finance providers to increase access to clean
energy technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651
Fig. 45
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway: the
avoidance of supply-side shortages and trade disputes in
the global supply chain of critical metals and minerals
required for low-carbon technology deployment . . . . . . . . . 654
Fig. 46
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
minimising the need for additional extraction capacity by
lowering the dependency of countries on critical metals
and minerals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654
xxxiv
List of Figures
xxxiv
Timeline of action plans under strategic pathway: reform
the IEA to make it more representative, effective
and relevant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637
Fig. 34
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
harmonise global energy and climate governance to
facilitate the transition to a low-carbon, energy-secure
future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
Fig. 35
Investment requirement in energy, 2015–30 ($ trillion,
constant 2010 dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640
Fig. 36
Global investment in energy supply by fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . 641
Fig. 37
EU ETS non-linked: energy emission leakage peaks
at 16% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642
Fig. 38
EU-China ETS linked: energy emission leakage peaks
at 8.5% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643
Fig. 39
Estimates for global fossil-fuel consumption subsidies
and subsidies for renewables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643
Fig. 40
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
collaborating with G20 states to support the development
and adoption of FSB TCFD energy sector
recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645
Fig. 41
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
global phase-out of fossil fuel subsidies and establishing
carbon pricing mechanisms fit for a low-carbon,
energy-secure system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646
Fig. 42
Recommendations for incremental resource governance
improvements by the Chatham House New Petroleum
Producers Discussion Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648
Fig. 43
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
multilateral coordination of phasing down high-carbon
FDI and development support, and enhancing
best practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650
Fig. 44
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
cooperation strategies with developing countries, MDBs
and climate finance providers to increase access to clean
energy technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651
Fig. 45
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway: the
avoidance of supply-side shortages and trade disputes in
the global supply chain of critical metals and minerals
required for low-carbon technology deployment . . . . . . . . . 654
Fig. 46
Timeline of action plans under the strategic pathway:
minimising the need for additional extraction capacity by
lowering the dependency of countries on critical metals
and minerals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654
xxxiv
List of Figures
xxxiv