Application of Protective Finishes on Denim and Analysis …
143
Effect of Type of Finishes on Various Properties
Weight Add-On
After application of anti-microbial finish denim showed a weight add-on of about
0.6–1.1 %. Hence an increase of weight by 0.6–0.8, that is 9 oz and 11 oz denim was
suitable for wearers comfort in protective clothing.
Shrinkage Test
The percentage shrinkage test conducted resulted in lowering of shrinkage as
compared to control sample. Maximum shrinkage was observed in 13 oz fabric
where control sample (-) 2.9 % and finish applied sample in the range of (-) 2.5 % to
(-) 2.7 %. A gradual increase in shrinkage percentage was observed from 9 to 13 oz
and from reactive to indigo dyed denim. The minimum shrinkage percentage was
observed in 9 oz fabric, making it ideal for protective clothing.
Fabric Stiffness
The unfinished and finished state fabric did not show much of difference. The sample
was less drapable when the fabric weight was high. Higher fabric weight and weight
add-on resulted in this increase in stiffness but not more than 0.5 cm. Stiffness
observed was less in 9 and 11 oz denim making it suitable for PC.
Crease Recovery
On application of finishes the crease recovery showed a slight difference of 0
to
5
degree angle. With increase in fabric weight there was decrease in the angle of
recovery. Better results were observed in 9 oz denim.
Air Permeability
Table shows that the indigo dyed samples have higher permeability to air when the
fabric weight was reduced. Readings for 9 oz has 9.3 cc/cm
2 /s, 11 oz has 8.6 cc/cm
2 /s,
13 oz has 7.2 cc/cm
2 /s. 9 oz and 11 oz denim showed an increase in comfort factor
to the wearer and therefore recommended for PC. The application of anti-microbial
finish and flame-retardant finish has resulted in lowering of air permeability not more
than 0.3 cc/cm
2 /s.
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal conductivity was higher for 9 oz denim, that is, 0.17 m
2 (class 2) while
0.21 m
2 and 0.25 m
2 (class 3) for 11 and 13 oz indigo dyed denim due to lower
thread count and weight of cotton. There was a marked decrease in 0.01 m
2 in all the
samples of reactive dyed denim. Application of finish resulted in constant thermal
conductivity. Table 4.16 B observe tog value for 9 oz denim was acceptable, ideal
for warm conditions as in the spray paint and other industries.
143
Effect of Type of Finishes on Various Properties
Weight Add-On
After application of anti-microbial finish denim showed a weight add-on of about
0.6–1.1 %. Hence an increase of weight by 0.6–0.8, that is 9 oz and 11 oz denim was
suitable for wearers comfort in protective clothing.
Shrinkage Test
The percentage shrinkage test conducted resulted in lowering of shrinkage as
compared to control sample. Maximum shrinkage was observed in 13 oz fabric
where control sample (-) 2.9 % and finish applied sample in the range of (-) 2.5 % to
(-) 2.7 %. A gradual increase in shrinkage percentage was observed from 9 to 13 oz
and from reactive to indigo dyed denim. The minimum shrinkage percentage was
observed in 9 oz fabric, making it ideal for protective clothing.
Fabric Stiffness
The unfinished and finished state fabric did not show much of difference. The sample
was less drapable when the fabric weight was high. Higher fabric weight and weight
add-on resulted in this increase in stiffness but not more than 0.5 cm. Stiffness
observed was less in 9 and 11 oz denim making it suitable for PC.
Crease Recovery
On application of finishes the crease recovery showed a slight difference of 0
to
5
degree angle. With increase in fabric weight there was decrease in the angle of
recovery. Better results were observed in 9 oz denim.
Air Permeability
Table shows that the indigo dyed samples have higher permeability to air when the
fabric weight was reduced. Readings for 9 oz has 9.3 cc/cm
2 /s, 11 oz has 8.6 cc/cm
2 /s,
13 oz has 7.2 cc/cm
2 /s. 9 oz and 11 oz denim showed an increase in comfort factor
to the wearer and therefore recommended for PC. The application of anti-microbial
finish and flame-retardant finish has resulted in lowering of air permeability not more
than 0.3 cc/cm
2 /s.
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal conductivity was higher for 9 oz denim, that is, 0.17 m
2 (class 2) while
0.21 m
2 and 0.25 m
2 (class 3) for 11 and 13 oz indigo dyed denim due to lower
thread count and weight of cotton. There was a marked decrease in 0.01 m
2 in all the
samples of reactive dyed denim. Application of finish resulted in constant thermal
conductivity. Table 4.16 B observe tog value for 9 oz denim was acceptable, ideal
for warm conditions as in the spray paint and other industries.