7.4 Chemical Pre-treatment Methods
197
Table 7.4
Examples of fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass using ionic liquids
Feedstock
Ionic liquid
Operating
conditions
Anti-solvent
Cellulose-rich
material yield
(purity), %
Lignin-rich material
yield, %
Ref
Coir
Aqueous
1,4-Butanediol/[Bmim][HSO4]
200 °C, 1 h
Water
39.9 (87)
24.9
[57]
Wheat straw
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
acetate ([emim][CH
3 COO])
120 °C, 1–16 h NaOH
61–73
3–5
[52]
Sugarcane
bagasse
[C
2 mim][ABS]
170–190 °C,
30–120 min
NaOH
45–55
67–118
[58]
Pine wood
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
acetate ([C
2 mim]OAc)
110 °C, 16 h
Acetone/water
–
31.8
[59]
Red oak
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
acetate ([C
2 mim]OAc)
110 °C, 16 h
Acetone/water
–
23.8
[59]
Maple wood
[Emim]Ac
80–130 °C,
1.5–24 h
NaOH
–
51–63
[60]
Pinus radiate
wood
[C
4 mim]Ace, [C
4 mim]Ace/DMSO 100 °C, 2 h
Acetone
–
38–58
[61]
Corn stover
([HMIM]Cl), ([HMIM]HSO
4 ),
([HMIM]CH
3 COO),
([HMIM]H2PO
3 ),
([HMIM]CH
3 SO
3 ),
([HMIM]C
7 H
7 SO
3 ),
70 °C, 3 h
Acetone/deionized water
31–40
1.6–7.8
[53]