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67. Mistry H, Varela AS, Kühl S, Strasser P, Cuenya BR (2016) Nanostructured electrocatalysts
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study. Nano Res 10(5):1673–1696
56. Shi L, Wang T, Zhang H, Chang K, Ye J (2015) Electrostatic self-assembly of nanosized carbon
nitride nanosheet onto a zirconium metal-organic framework for enhanced photocatalytic CO 2
reduction. Adv Funct Mater 25(33):5360–5367
57. Park SM, Razzaq A, Park YH, Sorcar S, Park Y, Grimes CA, In SI (2016) Hybrid Cu x O-TiO 2
heterostructured composites for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction into methane using solar irradiation: sunlight into fuel. ACS Omega 1(5):868–875
58. Ong WJ, Tan LL, Chai SP, Yong ST, Mohamed AR (2015) Surface charge modification via
protonation of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) for electrostatic self-assembly construction of
2D/2D reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/g-C 3 N 4 nanostructures toward enhanced photocatalytic
reduction of carbon dioxide to methane. Nano Energy 13:757–770
59. Ming H, Ma Z, Liu Y, Pan K, Yu H, Wang F, Kang Z (2012) Large scale electrochemical
synthesis of high quality carbon nanodots and their photocatalytic property. Dalton Trans 41
(31):9526–9531
60. Yu H, Zhao Y, Zhou C, Shang L, Peng Y, Cao Y, Wu L, Tung C, Zhang T (2014) Carbon
quantum dots/TiO 2 composites for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J Mater Chem A
2(10):3344
61. Shi H, Chen G, Zhang C, Zou Z (2014) Polymeric g-C 3 N 4 coupled with NaNbO 3 nanowires
toward enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 into renewable fuel. ACS Catal 4
(10):3637–3643
62. Wang D, Hisatomi T, Takata T, Pan C, Katayama M, Kubota J, Domen K (2013) Core/Shell
photocatalyst with spatially separated co-catalysts for efficient reduction and oxidation of water.
Angew Chem Int Ed 52(43):11252–11256
63. Zheng D, Cao X, Wang X (2016) Precise formation of a hollow carbon nitride structure with a
janus surface to promote water splitting by photoredox catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed 55
(38):11512–11516
64. Li A, Chang X, Huang Z et al (2016) Thin heterojunctions and spatially separated cocatalysts to
simultaneously reduce bulk and surface recombination in photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed
55(44):13734–13738
65. Zhang J, Yu Z, Gao Z, Ge H, Zhao S, Chen C, Chen S, Tong X, Wang M, Zheng Z, Qin Y
(2017) Porous TiO 2 nanotubes with spatially separated platinum and CoO x cocatalysts produced by atomic layer deposition for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Angew Chem Int Ed
Eng 56(3):816–820
66. Xie S, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Fan W, Deng W, Wang Y (2013) Photocatalytic reduction of CO 2
with H 2 O: significant enhancement of the activity of Pt-TiO 2 in CH 4 formation by addition of
MgO. Chem Commun (Camb) 49(24):2451–2453
67. Mistry H, Varela AS, Kühl S, Strasser P, Cuenya BR (2016) Nanostructured electrocatalysts
with tunable activity and selectivity. Nat Rev Mater 1(4):16009
68. Gao D, Zhou H, Wang J, Miao S, Yang F, Wang G, Wang J, Bao X (2015) Size-dependent
electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 over Pd nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 137(13):4288–4291
69. Gao G, Jiao Y, Waclawik ER, Du A (2016) Single atom (Pd/Pt) supported on graphitic carbon
nitride as an efficient photocatalyst for visible-light reduction of carbon dioxide. J Am Chem
Soc 138(19):6292–6297
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305
