References
1. O'Regan B, Gratzel M (1991) A low-cost high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized
colloidal TiO 2 films. Nature 353:737–740
2. Ito S, Chen P, Comte P et al (2007) Fabrication of screen-printing pastes from TiO 2 powders
for dye-sensitised solar cells. Prog Photovolt Res Appl 15(7):603–612
3. Ito S, Zakeeruddin SM, Humphry-Baker R et al (2006) High-efficiency organic-dye-sensitized
solar cells controlled by Nanocrystalline-TiO 2 electrode thickness. Adv Mater 18
(9):1202–1205
4. Kuang D, Brillet J, Chen P et al (2008) Application of highly ordered TiO 2 nanotube arrays in
flexible dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS Nano 2(6):1113–1116
5. Nazeeruddin MK, Humphry-Baker R, Liska P et al (2003) Investigation of sensitizer adsorption and the influence of protons on current and voltage of a dye-sensitized nanocrystalline
TiO 2 solar cell. J Phys Chem B 107(34):8981–8987
6. Nazeeruddin MK, Pechy P, Renouard T et al (2001) Engineering of efficient panchromatic
sensitizers for nanocrystalline TiO 2 -based solar cells. J Am Chem Soc 123(8):1613–1624
7. Wang P, Zakeeruddin SM, Comte P et al (2003) Enhance the performance of dye-sensitized
solar cells by co-grafting amphiphilic sensitizer and hexadecylmalonic acid on TiO 2
nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 107(51):4336–14341
8. Zukalova M, Zukal A, Kavan L et al (2005) Organized mesoporous TiO 2 films exhibiting
greatly enhanced performance in dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Lett 5(9):1789–1792
9. Bach U, Lupo D, Comte P et al (1998) Solid-state dye-sensitized mesoporous TiO 2 solar cells
with high photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies. Nature 395(6702):583–585
10. Zhu JF, Chen F, Zhang J et al (2006) Fe
3+ -TiO 2 photocatalysts prepared by combining sol-gel
method with hydrothermal treatment and their characterization. J Photochem Photobiol A
Chem 180(1):196–204
11. Yang Y, Tian CX (2012) Effects of calcining temperature on photocatalytic activity of
Fe-doped sulfated Titania. Photochem Photobiol 88(4):816–823
12. Shi JW, Zheng JT, Hu Y et al (2007) Influence of Fe
3+ and Ho
3+ co-doping on the
photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 . Meter Chem Phys 106(2):247–249
13. Zhu J, Zheng W, He B et al (2004) Characterization of Fe-TiO 2 photocatalysts synthesized by
hydrothermal method and their photocatalytic reactivity for photodegradation of XRG dye
diluted in water. J Mol Catal A Chem 216(1):35–43
14. Tong T, Zhang J, Tian B et al (2008) Preparation of Fe3+-doped TiO 2 catalysts by controlled
hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide and study on their photocatalytic activity for methyl orange
degradation. J Hazard Mater 155(3):572–579
15. Zhu JF, Deng ZG, Chen F et al (2006) Hydrothermal doping method for preparation of Cr
3+ -
TiO 2 photocatalysts with concentration gradient distribution of Cr3+. Appl Catal B Environ 62
(3):329–335
16. Anpo M, Takeuchi MJ (2003) The design and development of highly reactive titanium oxide
photocatalysts operating under visible light irradiation. J Catal 216(1):505–516
17. Hamzah N, Nordin NM, Nadzri AHA et al (2012) Enhanced activity of Ru/TiO 2 catalyst using
bisupport bentonite-TiO 2 for hydrogenolysis of glycerol in aqueous media. Appl Catal A:
General 419:133–141
18. Panagiotopoulou P, Kondarides DI, Verykios XEJ (2010) Mechanistic study of the selective
methanation of CO OVER ru/TiO 2 catalyst: identification of active surface species and
reaction pathways. J Phys Chem C 115(4):1220–1230
19. Yuan S, Chen Y, Shi LY et al (2007) Synthesis and characterization of Ce-doped mesoporous
anatase with long-range ordered mesostructure. Mater Lett 61(21):4283–4286
20. Tong TZ, Zhang JL, Tian BZ et al (2007) Preparation of Ce-TiO 2 catalysts by controlled
hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide based on esterification reaction and study on its photocatalytic
activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 315:382–388
214
8 Modifications of Photocatalysts by Doping Methods
1. O'Regan B, Gratzel M (1991) A low-cost high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized
colloidal TiO 2 films. Nature 353:737–740
2. Ito S, Chen P, Comte P et al (2007) Fabrication of screen-printing pastes from TiO 2 powders
for dye-sensitised solar cells. Prog Photovolt Res Appl 15(7):603–612
3. Ito S, Zakeeruddin SM, Humphry-Baker R et al (2006) High-efficiency organic-dye-sensitized
solar cells controlled by Nanocrystalline-TiO 2 electrode thickness. Adv Mater 18
(9):1202–1205
4. Kuang D, Brillet J, Chen P et al (2008) Application of highly ordered TiO 2 nanotube arrays in
flexible dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS Nano 2(6):1113–1116
5. Nazeeruddin MK, Humphry-Baker R, Liska P et al (2003) Investigation of sensitizer adsorption and the influence of protons on current and voltage of a dye-sensitized nanocrystalline
TiO 2 solar cell. J Phys Chem B 107(34):8981–8987
6. Nazeeruddin MK, Pechy P, Renouard T et al (2001) Engineering of efficient panchromatic
sensitizers for nanocrystalline TiO 2 -based solar cells. J Am Chem Soc 123(8):1613–1624
7. Wang P, Zakeeruddin SM, Comte P et al (2003) Enhance the performance of dye-sensitized
solar cells by co-grafting amphiphilic sensitizer and hexadecylmalonic acid on TiO 2
nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 107(51):4336–14341
8. Zukalova M, Zukal A, Kavan L et al (2005) Organized mesoporous TiO 2 films exhibiting
greatly enhanced performance in dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Lett 5(9):1789–1792
9. Bach U, Lupo D, Comte P et al (1998) Solid-state dye-sensitized mesoporous TiO 2 solar cells
with high photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies. Nature 395(6702):583–585
10. Zhu JF, Chen F, Zhang J et al (2006) Fe
3+ -TiO 2 photocatalysts prepared by combining sol-gel
method with hydrothermal treatment and their characterization. J Photochem Photobiol A
Chem 180(1):196–204
11. Yang Y, Tian CX (2012) Effects of calcining temperature on photocatalytic activity of
Fe-doped sulfated Titania. Photochem Photobiol 88(4):816–823
12. Shi JW, Zheng JT, Hu Y et al (2007) Influence of Fe
3+ and Ho
3+ co-doping on the
photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 . Meter Chem Phys 106(2):247–249
13. Zhu J, Zheng W, He B et al (2004) Characterization of Fe-TiO 2 photocatalysts synthesized by
hydrothermal method and their photocatalytic reactivity for photodegradation of XRG dye
diluted in water. J Mol Catal A Chem 216(1):35–43
14. Tong T, Zhang J, Tian B et al (2008) Preparation of Fe3+-doped TiO 2 catalysts by controlled
hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide and study on their photocatalytic activity for methyl orange
degradation. J Hazard Mater 155(3):572–579
15. Zhu JF, Deng ZG, Chen F et al (2006) Hydrothermal doping method for preparation of Cr
3+ -
TiO 2 photocatalysts with concentration gradient distribution of Cr3+. Appl Catal B Environ 62
(3):329–335
16. Anpo M, Takeuchi MJ (2003) The design and development of highly reactive titanium oxide
photocatalysts operating under visible light irradiation. J Catal 216(1):505–516
17. Hamzah N, Nordin NM, Nadzri AHA et al (2012) Enhanced activity of Ru/TiO 2 catalyst using
bisupport bentonite-TiO 2 for hydrogenolysis of glycerol in aqueous media. Appl Catal A:
General 419:133–141
18. Panagiotopoulou P, Kondarides DI, Verykios XEJ (2010) Mechanistic study of the selective
methanation of CO OVER ru/TiO 2 catalyst: identification of active surface species and
reaction pathways. J Phys Chem C 115(4):1220–1230
19. Yuan S, Chen Y, Shi LY et al (2007) Synthesis and characterization of Ce-doped mesoporous
anatase with long-range ordered mesostructure. Mater Lett 61(21):4283–4286
20. Tong TZ, Zhang JL, Tian BZ et al (2007) Preparation of Ce-TiO 2 catalysts by controlled
hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide based on esterification reaction and study on its photocatalytic
activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 315:382–388
214
8 Modifications of Photocatalysts by Doping Methods