References
1. Hinnen A, Hicks JB, Fink GR (1978) Transformation of yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
75:1929–1933
2. Ito H, Fukuda Y, Murata K, Kimura A (1983)
Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with
alkali cations. J Bacteriol 153:163–168
3. Costanzo MC, Fox TD (1988) Transformation
of yeast by agitation with glass beads. Genetics
120:667–670
4. Simon JR, McEntee K (1989) A rapid and
efficient procedure for transformation of intact
Saccharomyces cerevisiae by electroporation.
Biochem
Biophys
Res
Commun
164:1157–1164
5. Becker DM, Guarente L (1991) Highefficiency transformation of yeast by electroporation. Methods Enzymol 194:182–187
6. Delorme E (1989) Transformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by electroporation. Appl
Environ Microbiol 55:2242–2246
7. Meilhoc E, Masson JM, Teissie J (1990) High
efficiency transformation of intact yeast cells by
electric field pulses. Biotechnology (N Y)
8:223–227
8. Grey M, Brendel M (1992) A ten-minute protocol for transforming Saccharomyces cerevisiae
by electroporation. Curr Genet 22:335–336
9. Rech EL, Dobson MJ, Davey MR, Mulligan BJ
(1990) Introduction of a yeast artificial chromosome vector into Saccharomyces cerevisiae
cells by electroporation. Nucleic Acids Res
18:1313
10. Gietz RD, Woods RA (2001) Genetic transformation of yeast. BioTechniques 30:816–820.
22-6, 28 passim
11. Suga M, Hatakeyama T (2003) High-efficiency
electroporation by freezing intact yeast cells
with addition of calcium. Curr Genet
43:206–211
12. Thompson JR, Register E, Curotto J, Kurtz M,
Kelly R (1998) An improved protocol for the
preparation of yeast cells for transformation by
electroporation. Yeast 14:565–571
13. Jacob HE, Forster W, Berg H (1981) Microbiological implications of electric field effects.
II. Inactivation of yeast cells and repair of their
cell envelope. Z Allg Mikrobiol 21:225–233
14. Ganeva V, Galutzov B, Teissie J (1995) Electric
field mediated loading of macromolecules in
intact yeast cells is critically controlled at the
wall
level.
Biochim
Biophys
Acta
1240:229–236
15. Ganeva V, Galutzov B, Teissie J (2014) Evidence that pulsed electric field treatment
enhances the cell wall porosity of yeast cells.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol 172:1540–1552
16. Martinez JM, Delso C, Aguilar D, Cebrian G,
Alvarez I, Raso J (2018) Factors influencing
autolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells
induced by pulsed electric fields. Food Microbiol 73:67–72
17. Weaver JC, Harrison GI, Bliss JG, Mourant JR,
Powell KT (1988) Electroporation: high frequency of occurrence of a transient highpermeability state in erythrocytes and intact
yeast. FEBS Lett 229:30–34
18. Gift EA, Weaver JC (1995) Observation of
extremely
heterogeneous
electroporative
molecular uptake by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
which changes with electric field pulse amplitude. Biochim Biophys Acta 1234:52–62
19. Ganeva V, Galutzov B, Teissie J (1995) Fast
kinetic studies of plasmid DNA transfer in
intact yeast cells mediated by electropulsation.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 214:825–832
20. Neumann E, Kakorin S, Tsoneva I, Nikolova B,
Tomov T (1996) Calcium-mediated DNA
adsorption to yeast cells and kinetics of cell
transformation by electroporation. Biophys J
71:868–877
21. Cemazar M, Sersa G, Frey W, Miklavcic D,
Teissie J (2018) Recommendations and
requirements for reporting on applications of
electric pulse delivery for electroporation of
biological
samples.
Bioelectrochemistry
122:69–76
22. Costaglioli P, Meilhoc E, Masson JM (1994)
High-efficiency electrotransformation of the
yeast Schwanniomyces occidentalis. Curr
Genet 27:26–30
23. Talmont F, Sidobre S, Demange P, Milon A,
Emorine LJ (1996) Expression and pharmacological characterization of the human
mu-opioid receptor in the methylotrophic
yeast Pichia pastoris. FEBS Lett 394:268–272
Saccharomyces
193
1. Hinnen A, Hicks JB, Fink GR (1978) Transformation of yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
75:1929–1933
2. Ito H, Fukuda Y, Murata K, Kimura A (1983)
Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with
alkali cations. J Bacteriol 153:163–168
3. Costanzo MC, Fox TD (1988) Transformation
of yeast by agitation with glass beads. Genetics
120:667–670
4. Simon JR, McEntee K (1989) A rapid and
efficient procedure for transformation of intact
Saccharomyces cerevisiae by electroporation.
Biochem
Biophys
Res
Commun
164:1157–1164
5. Becker DM, Guarente L (1991) Highefficiency transformation of yeast by electroporation. Methods Enzymol 194:182–187
6. Delorme E (1989) Transformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by electroporation. Appl
Environ Microbiol 55:2242–2246
7. Meilhoc E, Masson JM, Teissie J (1990) High
efficiency transformation of intact yeast cells by
electric field pulses. Biotechnology (N Y)
8:223–227
8. Grey M, Brendel M (1992) A ten-minute protocol for transforming Saccharomyces cerevisiae
by electroporation. Curr Genet 22:335–336
9. Rech EL, Dobson MJ, Davey MR, Mulligan BJ
(1990) Introduction of a yeast artificial chromosome vector into Saccharomyces cerevisiae
cells by electroporation. Nucleic Acids Res
18:1313
10. Gietz RD, Woods RA (2001) Genetic transformation of yeast. BioTechniques 30:816–820.
22-6, 28 passim
11. Suga M, Hatakeyama T (2003) High-efficiency
electroporation by freezing intact yeast cells
with addition of calcium. Curr Genet
43:206–211
12. Thompson JR, Register E, Curotto J, Kurtz M,
Kelly R (1998) An improved protocol for the
preparation of yeast cells for transformation by
electroporation. Yeast 14:565–571
13. Jacob HE, Forster W, Berg H (1981) Microbiological implications of electric field effects.
II. Inactivation of yeast cells and repair of their
cell envelope. Z Allg Mikrobiol 21:225–233
14. Ganeva V, Galutzov B, Teissie J (1995) Electric
field mediated loading of macromolecules in
intact yeast cells is critically controlled at the
wall
level.
Biochim
Biophys
Acta
1240:229–236
15. Ganeva V, Galutzov B, Teissie J (2014) Evidence that pulsed electric field treatment
enhances the cell wall porosity of yeast cells.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol 172:1540–1552
16. Martinez JM, Delso C, Aguilar D, Cebrian G,
Alvarez I, Raso J (2018) Factors influencing
autolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells
induced by pulsed electric fields. Food Microbiol 73:67–72
17. Weaver JC, Harrison GI, Bliss JG, Mourant JR,
Powell KT (1988) Electroporation: high frequency of occurrence of a transient highpermeability state in erythrocytes and intact
yeast. FEBS Lett 229:30–34
18. Gift EA, Weaver JC (1995) Observation of
extremely
heterogeneous
electroporative
molecular uptake by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
which changes with electric field pulse amplitude. Biochim Biophys Acta 1234:52–62
19. Ganeva V, Galutzov B, Teissie J (1995) Fast
kinetic studies of plasmid DNA transfer in
intact yeast cells mediated by electropulsation.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 214:825–832
20. Neumann E, Kakorin S, Tsoneva I, Nikolova B,
Tomov T (1996) Calcium-mediated DNA
adsorption to yeast cells and kinetics of cell
transformation by electroporation. Biophys J
71:868–877
21. Cemazar M, Sersa G, Frey W, Miklavcic D,
Teissie J (2018) Recommendations and
requirements for reporting on applications of
electric pulse delivery for electroporation of
biological
samples.
Bioelectrochemistry
122:69–76
22. Costaglioli P, Meilhoc E, Masson JM (1994)
High-efficiency electrotransformation of the
yeast Schwanniomyces occidentalis. Curr
Genet 27:26–30
23. Talmont F, Sidobre S, Demange P, Milon A,
Emorine LJ (1996) Expression and pharmacological characterization of the human
mu-opioid receptor in the methylotrophic
yeast Pichia pastoris. FEBS Lett 394:268–272
Saccharomyces
193