9 On the Investigation of Excited State Dynamics with (Pump-)Degenerate
229
(2011)
31. M.S. Marek, T. Buckup, M. Motzkus, Direct observation of a dark state in lycopene using
pump-DFWM. J. Phys. Chem. B 115(25), 8328–8337 (2011)
32. G. Beadie et al., Towards a FAST-CARS anthrax detector: analysis of cars generation from
DPA. J. Mod. Opt. 51(16–18), 2627–2635 (2004)
33. M. Mehendale et al., All-ultraviolet time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Opt.
Lett. 31(2), 256–258 (2006)
34. N. Hampp, Bacteriorhodopsin as a photochromic retinal protein for optical memories. Chem.
Rev. 100(5), 1755–1776 (2000)
35. I. Iwakura, A. Yabushita, T. Kobayashi, Observation of transition state in Raman triggered
oxidation of chloroform in the ground state by real-time vibrational spectroscopy. Chem. Phys.
Lett. 457(4–6), 421–426 (2008)
36. O. Bismuth et al., Photochemical dynamics of all-trans retinal protonated Schiff-base in solution: excitation wavelength dependence. Chem. Phys. 341(1–3), 267–275 (2007)
37. B. Loevsky et al., A new spectral window on retinal protein photochemistry. J. Am. Chem.
Soc. 133(6), 1626–1629 (2011)
38. A.B. Myers, R.A. Harris, R.A. Mathies, Resonance Raman excitation profiles of bacteriorhodopsin. J. Chem. Phys. 79(2), 603–613 (1983)
39. B.X. Hou et al., Comparing photoinduced vibrational coherences in bacteriorhodopsin and
in native and locked retinal protonated Schiff bases. Chem. Phys. Lett. 381(5–6), 549–555
(2003)
40. G. Zgrablic, S. Haacke, M. Chergui, Vibrational coherences of the protonated Schiff base of
all-trans retinal in solution. Chem. Phys. 338(2–3), 168–174 (2007)
41. J. Léonard et al., Functional electric field changes in photoactivated proteins revealed by ultrafast Stark spectroscopy of the Trp residues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106(19), 7718–7723
(2009)
42. S.P. Balashov et al., Quantum yield ratio of the forward and back light reactions of bacteriorhodopsin at low-temperature and photosteady-state concentration of the bathoproduct-k.
Photochem. Photobiol. 54(6), 955–961 (1991)
43. I. Vaya et al., Fluorescence of natural DNA: from the femtosecond to the nanosecond time
scales. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132(34), 11834–11835 (2010)
44. R. Nakamura et al., Dark excited states of carotenoid regulated by bacteriochlorophyll in photosynthetic light harvesting. J. Phys. Chem. B (2011)
45. Y. Koyama et al., Excited-state dynamics of overlapped optically-allowed 1B(u)(+) and
optically-forbidden 1B(u)(−) or 3A(g)(−) vibronic levels of carotenoids: possible roles in
the light-harvesting function. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 11(4), 1888–1929 (2010)
46. E. Ostroumov et al., Electronic coherence provides a direct proof for energy-level crossing in
photoexcited lutein and beta-carotene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103(10) (2009)
47. P. Tavan, K. Schulten, The low-lying electronic excitations in long polyenes: a PPP-MRD-CL
study. J. Chem. Phys. 85(11), 6602–6609 (1986)
48. P.J. Walla et al., Excited-state kinetics of the carotenoid S-1 state in LHC II and two-photon
excitation spectra of lutein and beta-carotene in solution: efficient car S-1 → Chl electronic
energy transfer via hot S-1 states? J. Phys. Chem. A 106(10), 1909–1916 (2002)
49. S. Mukamel, Principles of Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy (Oxford University Press, New
York, 1995), p. 543
50. P.H. Vaccaro, Advanced Series in Physical Chemistry: Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy
by Stimulated Emission Pumping (World Scientific, New York, 1994)
51. G. Cerullo et al., Photosynthetic light harvesting by carotenoids: detection of an intermediate
excited state. Science 298(5602), 2395–2398 (2002)
52. D. Kosumi et al., The dependence of the ultrafast relaxation kinetics of the S-2 and S-1 states
in beta-carotene homologs and lycopene on conjugation length studied by femtosecond timeresolved absorption and Kerr-gate fluorescence spectroscopies. J. Chem. Phys. 130(21) (2009)
53. R. Fujii et al., Two different pathways of internal conversion in carotenoids depending on the
length of the conjugated chain. Chem. Phys. Lett. 369(1–2), 165–172 (2003)
229
(2011)
31. M.S. Marek, T. Buckup, M. Motzkus, Direct observation of a dark state in lycopene using
pump-DFWM. J. Phys. Chem. B 115(25), 8328–8337 (2011)
32. G. Beadie et al., Towards a FAST-CARS anthrax detector: analysis of cars generation from
DPA. J. Mod. Opt. 51(16–18), 2627–2635 (2004)
33. M. Mehendale et al., All-ultraviolet time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Opt.
Lett. 31(2), 256–258 (2006)
34. N. Hampp, Bacteriorhodopsin as a photochromic retinal protein for optical memories. Chem.
Rev. 100(5), 1755–1776 (2000)
35. I. Iwakura, A. Yabushita, T. Kobayashi, Observation of transition state in Raman triggered
oxidation of chloroform in the ground state by real-time vibrational spectroscopy. Chem. Phys.
Lett. 457(4–6), 421–426 (2008)
36. O. Bismuth et al., Photochemical dynamics of all-trans retinal protonated Schiff-base in solution: excitation wavelength dependence. Chem. Phys. 341(1–3), 267–275 (2007)
37. B. Loevsky et al., A new spectral window on retinal protein photochemistry. J. Am. Chem.
Soc. 133(6), 1626–1629 (2011)
38. A.B. Myers, R.A. Harris, R.A. Mathies, Resonance Raman excitation profiles of bacteriorhodopsin. J. Chem. Phys. 79(2), 603–613 (1983)
39. B.X. Hou et al., Comparing photoinduced vibrational coherences in bacteriorhodopsin and
in native and locked retinal protonated Schiff bases. Chem. Phys. Lett. 381(5–6), 549–555
(2003)
40. G. Zgrablic, S. Haacke, M. Chergui, Vibrational coherences of the protonated Schiff base of
all-trans retinal in solution. Chem. Phys. 338(2–3), 168–174 (2007)
41. J. Léonard et al., Functional electric field changes in photoactivated proteins revealed by ultrafast Stark spectroscopy of the Trp residues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106(19), 7718–7723
(2009)
42. S.P. Balashov et al., Quantum yield ratio of the forward and back light reactions of bacteriorhodopsin at low-temperature and photosteady-state concentration of the bathoproduct-k.
Photochem. Photobiol. 54(6), 955–961 (1991)
43. I. Vaya et al., Fluorescence of natural DNA: from the femtosecond to the nanosecond time
scales. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132(34), 11834–11835 (2010)
44. R. Nakamura et al., Dark excited states of carotenoid regulated by bacteriochlorophyll in photosynthetic light harvesting. J. Phys. Chem. B (2011)
45. Y. Koyama et al., Excited-state dynamics of overlapped optically-allowed 1B(u)(+) and
optically-forbidden 1B(u)(−) or 3A(g)(−) vibronic levels of carotenoids: possible roles in
the light-harvesting function. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 11(4), 1888–1929 (2010)
46. E. Ostroumov et al., Electronic coherence provides a direct proof for energy-level crossing in
photoexcited lutein and beta-carotene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103(10) (2009)
47. P. Tavan, K. Schulten, The low-lying electronic excitations in long polyenes: a PPP-MRD-CL
study. J. Chem. Phys. 85(11), 6602–6609 (1986)
48. P.J. Walla et al., Excited-state kinetics of the carotenoid S-1 state in LHC II and two-photon
excitation spectra of lutein and beta-carotene in solution: efficient car S-1 → Chl electronic
energy transfer via hot S-1 states? J. Phys. Chem. A 106(10), 1909–1916 (2002)
49. S. Mukamel, Principles of Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy (Oxford University Press, New
York, 1995), p. 543
50. P.H. Vaccaro, Advanced Series in Physical Chemistry: Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy
by Stimulated Emission Pumping (World Scientific, New York, 1994)
51. G. Cerullo et al., Photosynthetic light harvesting by carotenoids: detection of an intermediate
excited state. Science 298(5602), 2395–2398 (2002)
52. D. Kosumi et al., The dependence of the ultrafast relaxation kinetics of the S-2 and S-1 states
in beta-carotene homologs and lycopene on conjugation length studied by femtosecond timeresolved absorption and Kerr-gate fluorescence spectroscopies. J. Chem. Phys. 130(21) (2009)
53. R. Fujii et al., Two different pathways of internal conversion in carotenoids depending on the
length of the conjugated chain. Chem. Phys. Lett. 369(1–2), 165–172 (2003)