reactor in order to realize very short reaction times, the measurement of fast
reactions, and the precise analysis and determination of the formed oligomers.
The following two conditions have to be fulfilled absolutely:
1. The mixing times in Z 1 and Z 2 have to be negligibly small in comparison with
the reaction time
2. The Reynold number has to be large in order to avoid hydrodynamic influence
on the oligomer distribution, and there must be the possibility for a pre-run in
order to avoid any impurity traces
Figure 11 shows the plug flow apparatus. Mixing times below 10 ms, flow rates
from 1.19 to 2.05 m s
À1 and residence times from 1.74 to 0.095 s have been realized.
2.3.1 Molar Mass Distribution and Reaction Scheme
As mentioned above, there is a specific relation between the mechanism of a
polyreaction and the resulting molecular weight distribution of the formed polymer.
In order to apply this “measuring instrument,” a sequence of oligomer distributions
was produced in dependence on the reaction time, ratio Al/Ti (i.e., the concentration
of active species), chain length of the starting Ti-component, monomer concentration, and temperature (see Figs. 12 and 13).
B 1 Container for the Ti – solution
B 2 Container for the Al – solution
B 3 Container for the termination
reagent
Z 1 , Z 2 Mixing chamber
R Tube reactor
H 1 – H 4 Teflon valves
M Manometer
V Expansion valve
A Mixing chamber detail
Fig. 11 Kinetic analysis in a plug flow reactor Cp 2 TiRCl/AlEtCl 2 /C 2 H 4 with R ¼ Et or higher alkyl
14
G. Fink
reactions, and the precise analysis and determination of the formed oligomers.
The following two conditions have to be fulfilled absolutely:
1. The mixing times in Z 1 and Z 2 have to be negligibly small in comparison with
the reaction time
2. The Reynold number has to be large in order to avoid hydrodynamic influence
on the oligomer distribution, and there must be the possibility for a pre-run in
order to avoid any impurity traces
Figure 11 shows the plug flow apparatus. Mixing times below 10 ms, flow rates
from 1.19 to 2.05 m s
À1 and residence times from 1.74 to 0.095 s have been realized.
2.3.1 Molar Mass Distribution and Reaction Scheme
As mentioned above, there is a specific relation between the mechanism of a
polyreaction and the resulting molecular weight distribution of the formed polymer.
In order to apply this “measuring instrument,” a sequence of oligomer distributions
was produced in dependence on the reaction time, ratio Al/Ti (i.e., the concentration
of active species), chain length of the starting Ti-component, monomer concentration, and temperature (see Figs. 12 and 13).
B 1 Container for the Ti – solution
B 2 Container for the Al – solution
B 3 Container for the termination
reagent
Z 1 , Z 2 Mixing chamber
R Tube reactor
H 1 – H 4 Teflon valves
M Manometer
V Expansion valve
A Mixing chamber detail
Fig. 11 Kinetic analysis in a plug flow reactor Cp 2 TiRCl/AlEtCl 2 /C 2 H 4 with R ¼ Et or higher alkyl
14
G. Fink