7 Quantitative Analysis of Retinal Layers’ Optical Intensities …
189
7.6 Summary
This chapter describes studies of optical intensity, a new index of retina conditions
based on OCT images. These studies used a validated automatic segmentation method
to quantify the optical intensities in each retinal layer on 3D OCT for normal and
CRAO subjects. With the advantage of this method, changes of optical intensity in
each layer can be quantified and objectively analyzed. The statistical distribution and
location distribution of optical intensity, and its correlation with demographic and
other ocular characteristics can be studied. The optical intensity of CRAO patients
can be compared with normal controls. Intriguing results were obtained by these
studies. The change of optical intensity for each retinal layer will be further studied
for other types of ocular diseases, and it is expected that this index can be used for
in vivo studies of OCT-derived disease severity.
References
1. V.J. Srinivasan, D.C. Adler, Y. Chen, I. Gorczynska, R. Huber, J.S. Duker, J.S. Schuman, J.G.
Fujimoto, Ultrahigh-speed optical coherence tomography for three-dimensional and en face
imaging of the retina and optic nerve head. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 49(11), 5103–5110
(2008)
2. W. Geitzenauer, C.K. Hitzenberger, U.M. Schmidt-Erfurth, Retinal optical coherence tomography: past, present and future perspectives. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 95(2), 171–177 (2011)
3. B. Yang, C. Ye, M. Yu, S. Liu, D.S. Lam, C.K. Leung, Optic disc imaging with spectraldomain optical coherence tomography: variability and agreement study with Heidelberg retinal
tomograph. Ophthalmology 119(9), 1852–1857 (2012)
4. M.S. Sung, B.W. Kang, H.G. Kim, H. Heo, S.W. Park, Clinical validity of macular ganglion
cell complex by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography in advanced glaucoma. J.
Glaucoma. (2012)
5. L. Zhang, K. Lee, M. Niemeijer, R.F. Mullins, M. Sonka, M.D. Abràmoff, Automated segmentation of the choroid from clinical SD-OCT. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 53 (2012)
6. H. Ozdemir, S. Karacorlu, M. Karacorlu, Optical coherence tomography findings in central
retinal artery occlusion. Retina 26(1), 110–112 (2006)
7. T. Fukuchi, K. Takahashi, H. Ida, K. Sho, M. Matsumura, Staging of idiopathic choroidal
neovascularization by optical coherence tomography. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol.
239(6), 424–429 (2001)
8. M.E. Pons, H. Ishikawa, R. Gürsesozden, J.M. Liebmann, H.L. Dou, R. Ritch, Assessment of
retinal nerve fiber layer internal reflectivity in eyes with and without glaucoma using optical
coherence tomography. Arch. Ophthalmol. 118(8), 1044–1047 (2000)
9. J. Van der Schoot, K.A. Vermeer, J.F. de Boer, H.G. Lemij, The effect of glaucoma on the optical
attenuation coefficient of the retinal nerve fiber layer in spectral domain optical coherence
tomography images. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 53(4), 2424–2430 (2012)
10. D. Barthelmes, F.K. Sutter, M.C. Gillies, Differential optical densities of intraretinal spaces.
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 49(8), 3529–3534 (2008)
11. S.Y. Lee, P.F. Stetson, H. Ruiz-Garcia, F.M. Heussen, S.R. Sadda, Automated characterization
of pigment epithelial detachment by optical coherence tomography. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis.
Sci. 53(53), 164–170 (2012)
12. T. Horii, T. Murakami, K. Nishijima, T. Akagi, A. Uji, N. Arakawa, Y. Muraoka, N. Yoshimura,
Relationship between fluorescein pooling and optical coherence tomographic reflectivity of
cystoid spaces in diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 119(5), 1047–1055 (2012)
189
7.6 Summary
This chapter describes studies of optical intensity, a new index of retina conditions
based on OCT images. These studies used a validated automatic segmentation method
to quantify the optical intensities in each retinal layer on 3D OCT for normal and
CRAO subjects. With the advantage of this method, changes of optical intensity in
each layer can be quantified and objectively analyzed. The statistical distribution and
location distribution of optical intensity, and its correlation with demographic and
other ocular characteristics can be studied. The optical intensity of CRAO patients
can be compared with normal controls. Intriguing results were obtained by these
studies. The change of optical intensity for each retinal layer will be further studied
for other types of ocular diseases, and it is expected that this index can be used for
in vivo studies of OCT-derived disease severity.
References
1. V.J. Srinivasan, D.C. Adler, Y. Chen, I. Gorczynska, R. Huber, J.S. Duker, J.S. Schuman, J.G.
Fujimoto, Ultrahigh-speed optical coherence tomography for three-dimensional and en face
imaging of the retina and optic nerve head. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 49(11), 5103–5110
(2008)
2. W. Geitzenauer, C.K. Hitzenberger, U.M. Schmidt-Erfurth, Retinal optical coherence tomography: past, present and future perspectives. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 95(2), 171–177 (2011)
3. B. Yang, C. Ye, M. Yu, S. Liu, D.S. Lam, C.K. Leung, Optic disc imaging with spectraldomain optical coherence tomography: variability and agreement study with Heidelberg retinal
tomograph. Ophthalmology 119(9), 1852–1857 (2012)
4. M.S. Sung, B.W. Kang, H.G. Kim, H. Heo, S.W. Park, Clinical validity of macular ganglion
cell complex by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography in advanced glaucoma. J.
Glaucoma. (2012)
5. L. Zhang, K. Lee, M. Niemeijer, R.F. Mullins, M. Sonka, M.D. Abràmoff, Automated segmentation of the choroid from clinical SD-OCT. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 53 (2012)
6. H. Ozdemir, S. Karacorlu, M. Karacorlu, Optical coherence tomography findings in central
retinal artery occlusion. Retina 26(1), 110–112 (2006)
7. T. Fukuchi, K. Takahashi, H. Ida, K. Sho, M. Matsumura, Staging of idiopathic choroidal
neovascularization by optical coherence tomography. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol.
239(6), 424–429 (2001)
8. M.E. Pons, H. Ishikawa, R. Gürsesozden, J.M. Liebmann, H.L. Dou, R. Ritch, Assessment of
retinal nerve fiber layer internal reflectivity in eyes with and without glaucoma using optical
coherence tomography. Arch. Ophthalmol. 118(8), 1044–1047 (2000)
9. J. Van der Schoot, K.A. Vermeer, J.F. de Boer, H.G. Lemij, The effect of glaucoma on the optical
attenuation coefficient of the retinal nerve fiber layer in spectral domain optical coherence
tomography images. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 53(4), 2424–2430 (2012)
10. D. Barthelmes, F.K. Sutter, M.C. Gillies, Differential optical densities of intraretinal spaces.
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 49(8), 3529–3534 (2008)
11. S.Y. Lee, P.F. Stetson, H. Ruiz-Garcia, F.M. Heussen, S.R. Sadda, Automated characterization
of pigment epithelial detachment by optical coherence tomography. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis.
Sci. 53(53), 164–170 (2012)
12. T. Horii, T. Murakami, K. Nishijima, T. Akagi, A. Uji, N. Arakawa, Y. Muraoka, N. Yoshimura,
Relationship between fluorescein pooling and optical coherence tomographic reflectivity of
cystoid spaces in diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 119(5), 1047–1055 (2012)