Appendix B
Symmetry Breaking by Uniform Linear Electric
and Magnetic Fields
Contents
B.1 Spherical Groups ........................................................... 205
B.2 Binary and Cylindrical Groups ..............................................
205
B.1 Spherical Groups
GB
E
TC 3 ,C 2 ,C 1
C 3 ,C 2 ,C 1
T d
S 4 ,C 3 ,C 2 ,C s ,C 1
C 3v ,C 2v ,C s ,C 1
T h
S 6 ,C 2h ,C i
C 3 ,C 2 ,C s ,C 1
OC 4 ,C 3 ,C 2 ,C 1
C 4 ,C 3 ,C 2 ,C 1
O h
C 4h ,S 6 ,C 2h ,C i
C 4v ,C 3v ,C 2v ,C s ,C 1
IC 5 ,C 3 ,C 2 ,C 1
C 5 ,C 3 ,C 2 ,C 1
I h
S 10 ,S 6 ,C 2h ,C i
C 5v ,C 3v ,C 2v ,C s ,C 1
B.2 Binary and Cylindrical Groups
The notation refers to a field oriented along the principal cylindrical axis; in the
⊥ direction several symmetry breakings are possible: C 2 symmetry implies that the
field coincides with the ˆ
C 2 axis; a magnetic field perpendicular to a symmetry plane
or an electric field in a symmetry plane will conserve at least C s symmetry.
A.J. Ceulemans, Group Theory Applied to Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry and
Computational Modelling, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6863-5,
© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
205